Biodiversity Impacts of Land Occupation for Renewable Energy Infrastructure in a Globally Connected World.

The transition to renewable energy exacerbates direct land occupation by infrastructure, leading to habitat degradation and biodiversity loss. However, biodiversity loss driven by the production and consumption of different renewable energy deployment scenarios remains largely unquantified. Quantifying biodiversity loss associated with land occupation of renewable energy infrastructure is essential for a sustainable energy transition.

Cavity as radio telescope for galactic dark photon.

Dark photons, as a minimal extension of the Standard Model through an additional Abelian gauge group, may propagate relativistically across the galaxy, originating from dark matter decay or annihilation, thereby contributing to a galactic dark photon background. The generation of dark photons typically favors certain polarization modes, which are dependent on the interactions between dark matter and dark photons. We introduce a framework in which a resonant cavity is utilized to detect and differentiate these polarizations, leveraging the daily variation in expected signals due to the anisotropic distribution of dark photons and the rotation of the Earth.

Causal Relationships Between 4 Exposure Factors and Rotator Cuff Syndrome Using Mendelian Randomization Analysis.

Background: Although previous studies have investigated the risk factors for rotator cuff syndrome (RCS), there remains controversy due to uncontrolled and uncertain confounding factors in their analyses.

Purpose: To perform Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis using single-nucleotide polymorphisms to investigate the causal relationship between RCS and 4 risk factors: type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), high blood pressure (HBP), body mass index (BMI), and low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C).

Study Design: Descriptive epidemiology study.

The GPER is an important factor through which somatic cells regulate oocyte maternal mRNA translation and developmental competence.

The G protein-coupled estrogen receptor (GPER) plays a crucial role in various biological processes, but its regulation of oocyte meiosis remains unclear. In this study, we generated a Gper1 knockout in growing oocytes using Zp3-Cre, revealing that GPER is essential for oocyte maturation and embryo development. RNA-seq analysis indicated that GPER deficiency significantly altered the oocyte transcriptome and disrupted mRNA translation.

Melatonin alleviates heat stress-induced spermatogenesis dysfunction in male dairy goats by regulating arachidonic acid metabolism mediated by remodeling the gut microbiota.

Background: Heat stress (HS) commonly occurring in summer has gradually become a factor threatening the reproductive performance of male dairy goats by reducing their fecundity. Despite the melatonin is applied to relieve HS, it is still unclear whether melatonin protects against reproductive damage induced by HS in dairy goats and how it works. The purpose of the present study is to evaluate the role of melatonin in alleviating HS-induced spermatogenesis dysfunction in male dairy goats and further explore its mechanism.

Construction and validation of a nomogram prediction model for the catheter-related thrombosis risk of central venous access devices in patients with cancer: a prospective machine learning study.

Central venous access devices (CVADs) are integral to cancer treatment. However, catheter-related thrombosis (CRT) poses a considerable risk to patient safety. It interrupts treatment; delays therapy; prolongs hospitalisation; and increases the physical, psychological and financial burden of patients.

Modulation of liver metabolism and gut microbiota by Alhagi-honey alleviated heat stress-induced liver damage.

Alhagi-honey (AH) is a well-established traditional ethnic medicine with advantageous effects against diarrhea and headaches. We aimed to explore the preventive effect of AH on liver damage induced by heat stress (HS) and its underlying mechanism. HS models were established by thermostat, and mice were treated at 39 ℃ for 10 h, lasting for 7 days.

Synergistic PM and O control to address the emerging global PM-O compound pollution challenges.

In recent years, the issue of PM-O compound pollution has become a significant global environmental concern. This study examines the spatial and temporal patterns of global PM-O compound pollution and exposure risks, firstly at the global and urban scale, using spatial statistical regression, exposure risk assessment, and trend analyses based on the datasets of daily PM and surface O concentrations monitored in 120 cities around the world from 2019 to 2022. Additionally, on the basis of the common emission sources, spatial heterogeneity, interacting chemical mechanisms, and synergistic exposure risk levels between PM and O pollution, we proposed a synergistic PM-O control framework for the joint control of PM and O.

Adult intensive care unit nurses' knowledge of and compliance barriers to evidence-based guidelines for prevention of ventilator-associated pneumonia: A cross-sectional survey.

Background: Ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) is the most common nosocomial infection in intensive care units (ICUs) and is a common cause of morbidity and mortality in intensive care patients. Previous studies show that insufficient knowledge and compliance barriers among nurses affect pneumonia. There have been no investigations into intensive care nurses' knowledge and compliance barriers to evidence-based guidelines (EBGs) for VAP prevention in county-level hospitals in China.

Spatiotemporal coordination of antigen presentation and co-stimulatory signal for enhanced anti-tumor vaccination.

Controlled-release systems enhance anti-tumor effects by leveraging local antigen persistence for antigen-presenting cells (APCs) recruitment and T cell engagement. However, constant antigen presentation alone tends to induce dysfunction in tumor-specific CD8 T cells, neglecting the synergistic effects of co-stimulatory signal. To address this, we developed a soft particle-stabilized emulsion (SPE) to deliver lipopeptides with controlled release profiles by adjusting their hydrophobic chain lengths: C-SPE (fast release), C-SPE (medium release), and C-SPE (slow release).

Ghrelin induced by ultraviolet B exposure promotes the restoration of diabetic cutaneous wound healing.

Background: Diabetes mellitus (DM) presents impediment to wound healing. While ultraviolet B (UVB) exposure showed therapeutic potential in various skin conditions, its capacity to mediate diabetic wound healing remains unclear. To investigate the efficacy of UVB on wound healing and its underlying basis.

A gain-of-function variant in SREBF1 causes generalized skin hyperpigmentation with congenital cataracts.

Background: Lipid metabolism has essential roles in skin barrier formation and the regulation of skin inflammation. Lipid homeostasis regulates skin melanogenesis, although the underlying mechanism remains largely unknown. Sterol regulatory element binding protein 1 (SREBP-1) is a key transcription factor essential for cellular lipid metabolism.

Single-cell sequencing reveals the transcriptional alternations of 17β-estradiol suppressing primordial follicle formation in neonatal mouse ovaries.

Estrogen has been implicated in multiple biological processes, but the variation underlying estrogen-mediated primordial follicle (PF) formation remains unclear. Here, we show that 17β-estradiol (E) treatment of neonatal mice led to the inhibition of PF formation and cell proliferation. Single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) revealed that E treatment caused significant changes in the transcriptome of oocytes and somatic cells.

Improving Osteoarthritis by Regulating the Pyroptosis of Cartilage Cells.

Background: The regulation of in the pyroptosis of cartilage cells still needs to be further clarified. We aimed to explore the regulation of on the pyroptosis of cartilage cells and to reveal the improvement of osteoarthritis.

Methods: Chondrocytes were collected and isolated from patients with osteoarthritis (average age 58.

Polygonatum polysaccharide ameliorates D-galactose-induced cognitive dysfunction in aging rats by inhibiting ferroptosis through activation of Nrf2.

Context: Aging is a major risk factor for various neurodegenerative diseases, and ferroptosis has been identified as an important mode of cell death during accelerated aging. As the main component of the edible plant YuZhu in China, Polygonatum polysaccharide (POP) is an important natural compound with anti-aging properties.

Objective: To evaluate the anti-aging effects of POP and the underlying molecular mechanisms involved and to evaluate the overall anti-aging effects of POP on cognitive impairment due to accelerated aging.

TsO mediated deoxygenative C2-dithiocarbamation of quinoline -oxides with CS and amines.

A general, efficient and practical protocol for TsO promoted deoxygenative dithiocarbamation of quinoline -oxides with generated dithiocarbamic acids from CS and amines is reported. The reaction proceeded well under transition-metal free conditions to obtain a variety of novel quinoline-dithiocarbamate compounds with wide functional group tolerance and good to high yields.

Protective Effect of Mesenchymal Stem Cell Active Factor Combined with Extract on Ulcerative Colitis and the Underlying Mechanism.

Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a relapsing and reoccurring inflammatory bowel disease. The treatment effect of and stem cell extracts on UC remains unclear. The aim of the present study was to investigate the protective role of combined with stem cell extract on the intestinal mucosal barrier in an intestinal inflammation mouse model.

TsO Promoted Deoxygenative C-H Dithiocarbonation of Quinoline -Oxides with Potassium -Alkyl Xanthates.

A simple, efficient, and practical method for the synthesis of S-quinolyl xanthates was developed via TsO-promoted deoxygenative C-H dithiocarbonation of quinoline N-oxides with various potassium O-alkyl xanthates. The reaction performed well under transition-metal-free, base-free, and room-temperature conditions with wide substrate tolerance. Employing potassium --butyl xanthate (BuOCSK) as a nucleophile, some valuable quinoline-2-thiones were unexpectedly obtained in a one-pot reaction without any additional base.

Intermittent fasting improves the oocyte quality of obese mice through the regulation of maternal mRNA storage and translation by LSM14B.

Obesity has significant repercussions for female reproductive health, including adverse effects on oocyte quality, fertility, embryo development and offspring health. Here, we showed that intermittent fasting (IF) has several notable effects on follicular development, oocyte development and maturation and offspring health in obese mice. IF treatment prevents obesity-associated germline-soma communication defects, mitochondrial dysfunction, oxidative damage, apoptosis, and spindle/chromosomal disruption.

Intern-Nursing Students' Knowledge of Vascular Catheter-Associated Infections and Its Associated Factors: A Cross-Sectional Survey in China.

Background: Medical personnel contact with the patient closely, and their knowledge of vascular catheter-associated infections (VCAIs) is closely related to the prevention of VCAIs. Researchers mainly pay attention to the VCAIs knowledge of doctors and nurses but rarely pay attention to the nursing students in the hospital internship stage.

Purpose: To investigate the current situation of knowledge of intern-nursing students in VCAIs, and analyze its influencing factors.