[Prevention and treatment of post-traumatic pancreatic necrosis in patients with blunt abdominal trauma].

Introduction: High incidence of necrotic and suppurative complications is feature of acute post-traumatic pancreatitis. Severe trauma of the pancreas and post-traumatic pancreatitis lead to depressurization of ductal system that requires adequate drainage of damaged area and retroperitoneal fat.

Material And Methods: 95 patients in group 1 received standardized treatment.

[Possibilities of treatment of external pancreatic fistula].

Evaluation of the efficacy of sekretolitičeskoj therapy with synthetic analogue of somatostatin, a short-acting oktreotid (group 1) and extended oktreotid-depo (group 2) in 24 patients with external pancreatic fistulas after destructive pancreatitis. Results of clinical studies have shown that against the backdrop of an analogue of somatostatin-depo true healing and purulent-necrotic pancreatic external fistula occurs in less time: average 19 ± 1.8, and 16.

[Antibacterial susceptibility/resistance of Vibrio cholerae eltor clinical strains isolated in the Caucasus during the seventh cholera pandemic].

The data on antibacterial susceptibility and resistance of Vibrio cholerae eltor phenotypes with different sets of the susceptibility or resistance markers conditioning the outbreaks and sporadic cases of cholera in the Caucasus within 1970-1998 are presented. An increase of the number of the Vibrio cholerae phenotypes resistant to tetracycline and chloramphenicol usually used in the treatment of cholera was recorded in 1990-1994 vs. 1970-1989.

[Cholera in the Republic of Azerbaijan].

The data characterizing the epidemiological aspects of cholera in Azerbaijan at the period of pandemics I-VI are presented and the specific epidemiological features of pandemic VII of this infection are considered. The study revealed that cholera repeatedly penetrated Russia through the territory of Azerbaijan. The existence of two variants of Vibrio cholerae eltor was substantiated: the epidemic variant having the gene of cholera toxin and the nonepidemic variant having no such gene, which caused, respectively, outbreak and sporadic morbidity in Azerbaijan.

[A possible mechanism for the endemicity of modern cholera (the role of noncultivated forms of Vibrio cholerae 01)].

The surface water sources of some CIS territories have been screened for cholera toxin genes by the polymerase chain reaction. The vct-genes have been found in the majority of water samples indicating the presence of noncultivated vibrio cholerae cells of an epidemiologic significance. The bacteriological methods failed to isolate the active causative agent of cholera.

[The involvement and reparative regeneration of the mucosa of the airways in thermal inhalation trauma in burn patients].

The adaptive reorganization in mucosa of the upper airways was investigated in 15 burned patients during the first 24 days postburn using historadiography in vitro. The fibreoptic bronchoscopic biopsy specimens obtained in vivo were analysed. The initial significant destructive changes in mucosa and inhibition of DNA and RNA synthesis in the epitheliocytes were changed at day 8 postburn by the development of consecutively arising regenerative processes.

[Study of the epidemic significance of noncultivated forms of Vibrio cholerae by the polymerase chain reaction].

A specific method of the isolation of the cholera toxin gene by the directional amplification of DNA in the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) has been developed. The product of this reaction has a molecular weight of 440 sequence pairs and is a DNA fragment located on the A-subunit of V. cholerae gene vct.

[Use of cutaneo-fascial flaps in reconstructive surgery of the lower extremities].

Defects in the soft tissues of the lower extremities after burns and traumas in 10 patients were managed by plastic surgery using ++cutaneo-fascial grafts formed from the leg of the same or contralateral side. The operation was performed in two or three stages. ++Cutaneo-fascial grafts formed on the posteromedial or posterolateral surface of the leg may have a width:length ratio of 1:3.

[Cutaneo-fascial flaps in restorative and reconstructive surgery of burns].

On the basis of experience with the treatment of more than 1,500 patients with post-burn defects, deformities, and trophic ulcers, the authors distinguished types of affection in which the traditional methods are ineffective. These 133 patients were subjected to plasty with ++cutaneo-fascial grafts; the zones of donor areas from which the grafts are taken are determined. Plasty with ++cutaneo-fascial grafts is indicated in defects of the face, deformity of the neck, total adduction contracture of the arm, defect of the breast, and affections of the hand, leg, and foot.

[Surgical treatment of post-burn deformities of the neck].

Surgical treatment of 205 patients is analysed. It is shown that the traditional methods of correcting post-burn deformities fail to produce good results, either functional or cosmetic. The authors correct post-burn deformities and contractures of the neck by plasty with a graft of uninjured skin taken from the anterior surface of the chest.

[Treatment of postburn cicatricial deformations and contractures of the neck].

Postburn cicatrices and contractures of the neck have been corrected in 130 patients by the routine methods (Z plasty, free transplantation of the skin, combined methods). Analysis of the late results has shown that contractures have been eliminated or reduced in 70% of the patients, but a good cosmetic effect has been achieved in only 30%. In 75 patients plasty of the postburn cicatricial deformations of the neck has been made with the use of dermo-fascial flaps of the intact skin of the thoracic wall.

[Pancreatic enzyme spectrum in chronic stress].

In acute experiments on white male rats the enzyme spectrum of pancreas homogenate was studied in the process of 30-day adaptation after 3-hour exposure to the muscular loading (compulsory swimming in the water at a temperature of 32 +/- 1 degree C), the heat (overheating at 40-41 degrees C) and the cold (cooling at -3-4 degrees C). It was shown that the initial periods of adaptation to the factors mentioned (2d-12th day) were characterized by a considerable decrease in the activity of all the enzymes under study. With subsequent adaptation of the animal body to these stresses the enzyme activity level recovered to the initial value (18-24th day) and remained more or less stable up to the end of the experiment (30th day).

[Effect of muscular load on the invertase activity of the small intestine].

Acute experiments were conducted on male albino rats; a study was made of the invertase activity of the proximal, middle and distal portions of the small intestine after a 2-, 4- and 10-hour muscular load in the form of swimming in water at a temperature of 35 +/- 1 degree C. After 2 hours of swimming the invertase activity in the first two portions showed a rather sharp fall; it was restored to the initial level in 48--72 hours. This reduction was much less in the distal portion.