A scoping review on the obstacles faced by beta thalassemia major patients in Pakistan- Matter of policy investment.

Beta-thalassemia major (β-TM) is a genetic disorder, prevalent especially in the Mediterranean region, Southeast Asia, and the Indian subcontinent. With improvements in management over the years, β-TM has transitioned from a fatal childhood disease to a chronic condition. However, in Pakistan, there is still a lack of a comprehensive national policy and strategic plan, which has resulted in a growing number of β-TM patients, placing a substantial burden on individuals and the national healthcare system.

Identification of anticholinesterase active compounds from ethylacetate fraction of hydroalcoholic extract of Itrifal Sana using TLC-bioautography-MS and its validation using in silico molecular approach.

Background: Traditional formulations are used extensively throughout the world due to their holistic approach to health and wellness with the fewest possible adverse effects. Itrifal Sana is a traditional unani polyherbal formulation, a unique combination that makes it synergistically potent, capable of providing dual benefits for health and well-being. Even though the formulation is frequently utilised, there is no scientific evidence to support its therapeutic efficiency.

Therapeutic Potential of Polyphenols in Cellular Reversal of Patho-Mechanisms of Alzheimer's Disease Using In Vitro and In Vivo Models: A Comprehensive Review.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is considered one of the most common neurological conditions associated with memory and cognitive impairment and mainly affects people aged 65 or above. Even with tremendous progress in modern neuroscience, a permanent remedy or cure for this crippling disease is still unattainable. Polyphenols are a group of naturally occurring potent compounds that can modulate the neurodegenerative processes typical of AD.

Molecular pathology and computational profiling of Janus kinase 2 (JAK2) mutation in acute lymphoblastic leukemia: insights from a Pakistani cohort.

Background: JAK2 mutation plays a clinically significant role in the pathogenesis of acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) by enhancing its oncogenicity. The study aimed to characterize the molecular pathology and computational profile of the JAK2 mutation in an ALL cohort of Pakistani origin.

Methods: Ninety-three patients were enrolled in the current study.

The knowledge, attitude and perceived confidence in handling medical emergencies among dental students.

Background: According to Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services HHS 2017, when a medical disease suddenly manifests itself with acute symptoms of sufficient intensity (including extreme pain) endangering the patient's health, seriously impairing body functions or bringing an organ or its portion to be seriously dysfunctional, a medical emergency has occurred. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the knowledge, attitude, and perceived confidence in handling medical emergencies among dental students by the means of conducting this investigation.

Methods: This is a cross-sectional study conducted among the different hierarchies of dentists of Riyadh using an online survey; 387 dentists from varying clinical levels (9 to 12) were included in this study.

Transcobalamin deficiency - a rare genetic defect in transportation of cobalamin; case report.

Background: Vitamin B12 is primarily transported from plasma to cells by Transcobalamin. Deficiency of Transcobalamin is a rare autosomal recessive disorder that results in unavailability of cobalamin in cells and accumulation of homocysteine and methylmalonic acid.

Case Report: We report a case of a 2-year-old male child with persistent pancytopenia, recurrent infections, and megaloblastic anemia.

Exploring the perceptions and experiences of female's with ß-thalassemia major in a Tertiary Care Private Hospital in Pakistan.

Introduction: ß-Thalassemia, a genetic condition which influences both the physical and emotional facets of individuals specially females while also exerting substantial financial strain on families and healthcare systems. Recognizing the pivotal influence of social support, particularly on mental well-being, this study endeavors to delve into the shared psychosocial challenges experienced by females grappling with ß-thalassemia major.

Methods: Employing a qualitative-descriptive methodology and purposive sampling, this study conducted in-depth interviews with forty-two young girls, 18.

Recycled gold-reduced graphene oxide nanocomposite for efficient adsorption and photocatalytic degradation of crystal violet.

In this study, gold-reduced graphene oxide (Au@rGO) nanocomposite has been synthesized by repurposing electronic waste and dry batteries. This innovative approach involved utilizing the graphite rod from dry batteries to produce reduced graphene oxide (rGO), which was subsequently modified through the incorporation of gold nanoparticles obtained from recycled electronic waste. This methodology marks a significant breakthrough in electronic waste recycling, presenting a cost-effective and sustainable means of creating novel nanocomposites for applications in photocatalysis and adsorption, particularly in the removal of crystal violet (CV) from aqueous media.

Antibiotic Stewardship: A Handshaking Strategy Among Physicians and Pharmacists to Improve therapeutic Outcomes in Hematology-Oncology.

Infections are highly susceptible in patients with hematological malignancies due to immune suppression, immunosuppressive therapies and disease progression. Rational use of antibiotics following Antimicrobial Stewardship (AMS) guidelines in early detection and response to infection is significant to improve patient care. The present study was conducted to determine the impact of clinical pharmacists' interventions (PIs) on antibiotics usage in hematology-oncology set up in Karachi, Pakistan.

Corrigendum: Structural informatics approach for designing an epitope-based vaccine against the brain-eating .

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.

Structural informatics approach for designing an epitope-based vaccine against the brain-eating .

Primary Amoebic Meningoencephalitis (PAM), a severe lethal brain disease, is caused by a parasite, , also known as the "brain-eating amoeba". The chances of a patient's recovery after being affected by this parasite are very low. Only 5% of people are known to survive this life-threatening infection.

Haematopoietic Stem Cell Transplant Trends in Pakistan: Activity Survey from Pakistan Bone Marrow Transplant Group.

Pakistan is the fifth most populous country with a population of 225 million and has health expenditure accounting for only 2.8 percent of gross domestic product (GDP). Accordingly, there are a limited number of haematology-oncology and transplant centers in the country.

Development of a Thalassemia International Prognostic Scoring System (TIPSS).

A prognostic scoring system that can differentiate β-thalassemia patients based on mortality risk is lacking. We analysed data from 3145 β-thalassemia patients followed through a retrospective cohort design for the outcome of death. An a priori list of prognostic variables was collected.

Evaluation of the combination therapy of hydroxyurea and thalidomide in β-thalassemia.

Transfusion-related complications and lack of resources in low-to-middle-income countries have led to a search for novel therapies to reduce the need for blood transfusions in patients with β-thalassemia. Hydroxyurea (HU) has demonstrated promising outcomes; additionally, thalidomide has also shown improvement in hemoglobin (Hb) levels for patients with β-thalassemia in some studies. This study presents the findings of a single-arm nonrandomized trial to evaluate the efficacy of combination therapy of HU and thalidomide in children with β-thalassemia.

extract attenuates production of inflammatory mediators in ovalbumin-induced asthma in rats.

In the present study, ethanolic extract of roots was investigated for its potential to reverse some features of bronchial asthma in ovalbumin-induced murine model of asthma. commonly called bharangi, (family Solanaceae) is a well-known anti-allergic drug in Asian folk system of medicines. In the present work, pharmacological studies are done to provide scientific evidence for therapeutic potential of plant in allergic asthma.

Prenatal diagnosis of maternal serum from mothers carrying β-thalassemic fetus.

Background: This study focuses on the discovery of protein biomarkers from the maternal serum of β-thalassemic trait mothers carrying the normal fetus and β-thalassemic major fetus.

Methods: Serum samples from β-thalassemic trait mothers carrying major (N = 5) and normal fetuses (N = 5) were studied. The IVS1-5 thalassemia mutation was common among β-thalassemic trait mothers who were carrying a homozygous β-thalassemic fetus (IVS1-5/ IVS1-5 mutation) or a normal fetus (no mutation).

Impression materials and techniques used in fixed prosthodontics: A questionnaire-based survey to evaluate the knowledge and practice of dental students in Riyadh city.

Introduction: Among the several materials and techniques being used in fixed prosthodontics, impression materials and techniques were the major focus of this study. These materials are available in the market to be used by dental practitioners. However, their choice depends on certain factors, which include their properties, advantages, disadvantages, and cost.

A Pragmatic Scoring Tool to Predict Hydroxyurea Response Among β-Thalassemia Major Patients in Pakistan.

Despite high prevalence and incidence of β-thalassemia in Pakistan, there is very limited work on the use of hydroxyurea (HU) in thalassemia patients in the country. This is the first insight regarding genetic profiling of BCL11A and HU responses in Pakistani β-thalassemia. It correlates single-nucleotide polymorphisms on BCL11A (rs4671393, rs766432) and HBG2 (XmnI), age at first transfusion, and β-globin mutations with HU response in β-thalassemia major (BTM).

Perception of Saudi parents towards the problems related to primary dentition of their children residing in Riyadh city.

Background: The parental awareness and perceptions help in early recognition of problems in deciduous dentition, which will help us plan better preventive measures. Hence, the present study was conducted to evaluate the perceptions of Saudi parents residing in Riyadh towards the problems related to primary dentition of their children.

Materials And Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on the patients attending private dental institution in Riyadh city.

Influence of Social Media towards the Selection of Hollywood Smile among the University Students in Riyadh City.

Background: Hollywood smile refers to the aesthetic development of dental appearance inspired by the beauty displayed by the movie actors. Therefore, the present study was conducted to determine the extent of social media effect on the decision making of university students towards selecting Hollywood smile as the choice of their aesthetic treatment.

Materials And Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted by utilizing a self-designed closed-ended questionnaire among under-graduate students from the various public as well as private universities of Riyadh city.

Seasonal variations in hematological disorders: A 10-year single-center experience.

Aims: To assess the seasonal variations in hematological disorders among patients diagnosed on the basis of bone marrow biopsy, who attended National Institute of Blood Diseases (NIBD) clinics during 2006 to 2015.

Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the 10-year records of hematological disorders among patients' NIBD clinics from year 2006 to 2015. All cases of aplastic anemia (AA), acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), acute myeloid leukemia (AML), immune thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP), and acute promyelocytic leukemia (APML) were categorized on the basis of the seasons in which they were diagnosed such as winter (December-February), spring (March-May), southwest monsoon periods (June-September), and retreating monsoon period (October and November).

Incorporation of solar-thermal energy into a gasification process to co-produce bio-fertilizer and power.

Biomass integrated gasification combined cycle (IGCC) is attracting increased interest because it can achieve high system energy efficiency (>50%), which is predicted to increase with the increase in the solar share in biomass IGCC. This study evaluated the potential of crop residues numerically for the co-production of power and bio-fertilizer using ASPEN Plus® simulation software. The results showed that the gas yield increases with increasing temperature and decreasing pressure while the yield of bio-fertilizer is dependent on the biomass composition.

Incorporating a clinical oncology pharmacist into an ambulatory care pharmacy in pediatric hematology-oncology and transplant clinic: Assessment and significance.

Background: Beta thalassemia patients, post-bone marrow transplant, and leukemia patients require long term therapy with an intense care follow-up especially for pediatric hematology-oncology origin. Emergence of side effects and noncompliance to therapy lead to reduced efficacy of medicines resulting in relapse of diseases. There is an increasing fact to support the incorporation of a pharmacist into clinical team due to their distinctive skills.