PLANNING TO 'NEW NORMAL' DURING COVID-19 PANDEMIC AT GENERAL SURGERY DEPARTMENT: A TURKEY EXPERIENCE.

Planning of non-postponable treatments for cancer, trauma, emergency diseases, and follow-up and treatment of chronic diseases are inevitable for the ongoing pandemic and future pandemics. In this study, we evaluated the capacity of surgical applications and treatments made to the surgery department in the first 3 months of the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic. A retrospective cohort study was performed from March 12, 2020 to June 1, 2020.

Effect of Mesoappendix Volume on Preoperative Pain of Acute Appendicitis.

Objective: To investigate the relationship between preoperative pain scores and the mesoappendix volume and the presence of complications in patients with acute appendicitis.

Study Design: Cross-sectional observational study. Place and Duration of the Study: Department of General Surgery at Kutahya Health Sciences University, Kutahya, Turkey, from January to December 2021.

The predictive value of computerized tomography-assessed sarcopenia for complicated appendicitis in geriatric patients.

Objective: Geriatric patients have more complicated appendicitis, which leads to higher morbidity and mortality rates. Sarcopenia has been shown to have a negative impact on patients undergoing surgery. This study aims to reveal the predictive value of computerized tomography-assessed (CT-assessed) sarcopenia for complicated appendicitis in geriatric patients.

Label-free nLC-MS/MS proteomic analysis reveals significant differences in the proteome between colorectal cancer tissues and normal colon mucosa.

Despite the discovery of numerous driving and passenger genes that play key roles in cancer characteristics, progress in cancer treatment has not been satisfactory. This is mainly because conventional therapies are neither selective nor targeted. Another important reason is that cancer cells rapidly develop resistance to chemotherapeutic agents due to excessive accumulation of mutations and/or epigenetic changes.

How did the general surgeons intend to treat acute calculous cholecystitis during COVID-19 era?Results of online survey.

Background: Acute calculous cholecystitis is one of the most encountered surgical pathologies. While early cholecystectomy is the first treatment choice during the first index hospitalization, it may change during COVID-19 era when hospital resources are restricted, and health-care personnel try to overcome pandemic difficulties. In this survey, our aim is to investigate surgeons' preferences and possible changing paradigms for acute cholecystitis therapy during COVID-19 pandemic.

Comparison of Fenestrating and Reconstituting Subtotal Cholecystectomy Techniques in Difficult Cholecystectomy.

Purpose Cholecystectomy is one of the most frequently performed surgeries. Although laparoscopy is considered the gold standard approach, it cannot prevent biliary injuries. Subtotal cholecystectomy has been performed mainly to prevent biliary injuries during difficult cholecystectomies.

Molecular Pathways, Targeted Therapies, and Proteomic Investigations of Colorectal Cancer.

According to the GLOBOCAN 2020 data, colorectal cancer is the third most commonly diagnosed cancer and the second leading cause of cancer-related death. The risk factors for colorectal cancer include a diet abundant with fat, refined carbohydrates, animal protein, low fiber content, alcoholism, obesity, long-term cigarette smoking, low physical activity, and aging. Colorectal carcinomas are classified as adenocarcinoma, neuroendocrine, squamous cell, adenosquamous, spindle cell, and undifferentiated carcinomas.

Percutaneous drainage as an rapid procedure for deep pelvic abscess in the emergency department.

Background: Drainage of pelvic abscesses is interventional procedures that should be well planned due to organ contiguity. There are not enough publications in the literature evaluating the treatment methods of pelvic abscess drainage and comparing success rates.

Methods: In this study, 15 patients who underwent pelvic abscess drainage in our interventional radiology unit between June 2017 and December 2019 were retrospectively included.

Corrective Effect of Verbascoside on Histomorphological Differences and Oxidative Stress in Colon Mucosa of Rats in Which Colon Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury was Induced.

Background: This study aims to show the corrective effect of verbascoside on histomorphological and biochemical differences in the colon mucosa of rats in which colon ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury was induced.

Methods: Fifty Sprague Dawley male rats were divided into 5 groups, of control, sham, ischemia (I), I/R, and I/R+verbascoside. Ischemia and reperfusion were applied to the suitable groups for 30 minutes and 120 minutes respectively, and 10 mg/kg verbascoside was administered intraperitoneally.

Effects of endothelin receptor blockade and COX inhibition on intestinal I/R injury in a rat model: Experimental research.

Background: Intestinal ischemia is a highly morbid and mortal condition with no specific treatment. The present study aimed to investigate the effects of cyclooxygenase (COX) inhibition synchronized with nitric oxide (NO) release and endothelin (ET) receptor blockade on oxidative stress, inflammation, vasoconstriction, and bacterial translocation which occur during ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury in in-vivo rat intestinal I/R model.

Materials And Methods: 36 male Wistar rats were randomly divided into six groups (n = 6).

Objectively structured verbal examination to assess surgical clerkship education: An evaluation of students' perception.

Objective: The objectivity and reliability of examining methods are controversial. We subjected fourth-year medical students to a specially designed verbal exam which we called objectively structured verbal examination. We aimed to evaluate feedback from students about objectively structured verbal examination as an assessment instrument for gauging their surgical knowledge.

Bridge treatment for early cholecystectomy in geriatric patients with acute cholecystitis: Percutaneous cholecystostomy.

Background: The main cause of acute cholecystitis (AC) is gallstones, and the incidence of gallstones in elderly patients is high.

Methods: In this study, we aimed to investigate the efficacy of percutaneous cholecystostomy (PC) before early cholecystectomy in geriatric patients with AC. This retrospective study included 85 patients undergoing laparoscopic or conventional cholecystectomy during early stage of calculous AC.

Foreign bodies in the rectum: 2 Case reports.

Encountering a foreign object in the rectum is rare; however, the incidence has greatly increased in recent years. Treatment of these patients requires a multidisciplinary approach because this condition may have serious complications. Presently described is management of 2 cases of rectal foreign body treated in the clinic.

Differential effects of p38 MAP kinase inhibitors SB203580 and SB202190 on growth and migration of human MDA-MB-231 cancer cell line.

p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) belongs to the MAPK superfamily, phosphorylating serine and/or threonine residues of the target proteins. The activation of p38 MAPK leads to cell growth, differentiation, inflammation, survival or apoptosis. In this study, we tested the effect of two highly specific and potent inhibitors of p38 MAPK (namely, SB203580 and SB202190) on human breast cancer cell line MDA-MB-231 to elucidate the controversial role of p38 MAPK on cell proliferation and/or cell migration/metastasis further.

A serious conundrum for surgeons: Stump appendicitis.

Stump appendicitis is an acute inflammation of remnant appendix, a rare complication of incomplete appendectomy. It may present as acute abdomen with history of appendectomy, which may cause delay in diagnosis. Therefore, incomplete appendectomy should be considered as a differential diagnosis of acute abdomen in patients with medical history of appendectomy.

Prolidase activity and oxidative stress in patients with breast carcinoma A prospective randomized case-controlled study.

Introduction: Oxidative stress plays an important role in the pathogenesis of malign diseases. Prolidase is a member of the matrix metalloproteinase family, plays a major role in collagen metabolism, cell growth, and matrix remodeling. Elevated serum prolidase activity have beendemonstrated in several types of carcinoma.

Does gallbladder angle affect gallstone formation?

Introduction: Morphology of gallbladder varies considerably from person to person. We believe that one of the morphological variations of gallbladder is the "gallbladder angle". Gallbladder varies also in "angle", which, to the best of our knowledge, has never been investigated before.

Antioxidant Effect of Ukrain Versus N-Acetylcysteine Against Acute Biliary Pancreatitis in An Experimental Rat Model.

Unlabelled: Purpose/Aim: Oxidative stress plays an important role in the pathogenesis of acute pancreatitis (AP). We compared the therapeutic effects of Ukrain (NSC 631570) and N-acetylcysteine (NAC) in rats with AP.

Materials And Methods: Forty male Sprague Dawley rats were divided into four groups: controls; AP; AP with NAC; and AP with Ukrain.

Gastroprotective effects of sulforaphane and thymoquinone against acetylsalicylic acid-induced gastric ulcer in rats.

Background: Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) commonly cause gastric ulcers (GUs). We investigated the effects of sulforaphane (SF) and thymoquinone (TQ) in rats with acetylsalicylic acid (ASA)-induced GUs.

Materials And Methods: Thirty-five male Wistar-Albino rats were divided into five groups: control; ASA; ASA with vehicle; ASA + SF; and ASA + TQ.

Common Bile Duct Obstruction Due to Surgical Clips Following Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy Treated with Percutaneous Balloon Dilatation.

Bile duct injury is a commonly seen complication of the laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) approach, which can even lead to a life-threatening condition and endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) is the first-line choice in treatment. Beside this, it can be concluded that percutaneous transhepatic cholangiography (PTC) and balloon dilatation methods may also constitute a reasonable selection with non-invasive, feasible and effective aspects prior to open surgery. In the present case, we report the management of a bile duct obstruction due to surgical clips following LC, treated with PTC and balloon dilatation instead of surgical procedure in a child patient.

DOES NEUTROPHIL TO LYMPHOCYTE RATIO PREDICT HOSPITAL STAY IN APPENDECTOMY PATIENTS?

Background: We aimed to investigate the relationship between the neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and postoperative length of hospital stay. In addition, the impact of radiological and histopathological findings on hospital stay was also evaluated.

Method: This is a retrospective study.

Antiadhesive and anti-inflammatory effects of pirfenidone in postoperative intra-abdominal adhesion in an experimental rat model.

Background: Pirfenidone (PF) is a potent antifibrotic and anti-inflammatory agent. We investigated the protective effect of PF against postoperative intra-abdominal adhesions.

Material And Methods: Thirty male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into three groups (n = 10 in each group).

Adult midgut malrotation presented with acute bowel obstruction and ischemia.

Introduction: Intestinal malrotation refers to the partial or complete failure of rotation of midgut around the superior mesenteric vessels in embryonic life. Arrested midgut rotation results due to narrow-based mesentery and increases the risk of twisting midgut and subsequent obstruction and necrosis.

Presentation Of Case: 40 years old female patient admitted to emergency service with acute abdomen and computerized tomography scan showed dilated large and small intestine segments with air-fluid levels and twisted mesentery around superior mesenteric artery and vein indicating "whirpool sign".

Crystallized phenol application and modified Limberg flap procedure in treatment of pilonidal sinus disease: A comparative retrospective study.

Background/objective: Pilonidal sinus treatment includes various surgical and minimally invasive procedures, but there is still no standard treatment. Flap reconstructions and minimally invasive treatment options such as crystallized phenol application have recently been in the center of interest. The aim of this study is to compare crystallized phenol application as a minimally invasive treatment with modified Limberg flap reconstruction from many aspects.

Ukrain (NSC 631570) ameliorates intestinal ischemia-reperfusion-induced acute lung injury by reducing oxidative stress.

Intestinal ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) causes severe destruction in remote organs. Lung damage is a frequently seen complication after intestinal I/R. Ukrain (NSC 631570) is a synthetic thiophosphate derivative of alkaloids from the extract of the celandine (Chelidonium majus L.