Persianolide-A, an eudesmanolide-type sesquiterpene lactone from , induces apoptosis by regulating ERK signaling pathways.

Background And Purpose: Herbal components, particularly sesquiterpenes, are progressively recognized as a crucial resource for developing effective therapeutic agents for breast cancer. In this study, the effect of a sesquiterpene lactone known as 8-O-dihydroxy-11a,13-dihydroeudesma-4(15)-en-12,6a-olide (persianolide- A) was examined in breast cancer cell lines.

Experimental Approach: MDA-MB-231 and MCF-7 cancer cells were grown in DMEM solution with 10% FBS.

Adenosine receptors in breast cancer.

Adenosine receptors are important in the normal physiological function of cells and the pathogenesis of various cancer cells, including breast cancer cells. The activity of adenosine receptors in cancer cells is related to cell proliferation, angiogenesis, metastasis, immune system evasion, and interference with apoptosis. Considering the different roles of adenosine receptors in cancer cells, we intend to investigate the function of adenosine receptors and their biological pathways in breast cancer to improve understanding of therapeutically relevant signaling pathways.

Role of fibrilins in human cancer: A narrative review.

Background: Fibrillin is one of the extracellular matrix glycoproteins and participates in forming microfibrils found in many connective tissues. The microfibrils enable the elasticity and stretching properties of the ligaments and support connective tissues. There are three isoforms of fibrillin molecules identified in mammals: fibrillin 1 (FBN1), fibrillin 2 (FBN2), and fibrillin 3.

The evolving landscape of involvement of DTYMK enzymes in cancer.

Cancer cells require continuous synthesis of nucleotides for their uncontrolled proliferation. Deoxy thymidylate kinase (DTYMK) belongs to the thymidylate kinase family and is concerned with pyrimidine metabolism. DTYMK catalyzes the ATP-based conversion of deoxy-TMP to deoxy-TDP in both de novo and salvage pathways.

A Review of micro RNAs changes in T2DM in animals and humans.

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and its associated complications have become a crucial public health concern in the world. According to the literature, chronic inflammation and the progression of T2DM have a close relationship. Accumulated evidence suggests that inflammation enhances the insulin secretion lost by islets of Langerhans and the resistance of target tissues to insulin action, which are two critical features in T2DM development.

A1 adenosine receptor antagonist induces cell apoptosis in KYSE-30 and YM-1 esophageal cancer cell lines.

Background And Aim: Adenosine A1 receptor (AA1R) has been shown to have an inhibitory effect on cell growth in several cancers; however, its function in esophageal cancer is still unclear. In this study, we examined the effect of AA1R on cell growth and apoptosis in esophageal cancer cells.

Materials And Methods: In this study, YM-1 and KYSE-30 esophageal cancer cell lines were cultured.

SOX2OT lncRNA Inhibition Suppresses the Stemness Characteristics of Esophageal Tumorspheres.

Background: SOX2OT is a novel cancer associated long non-coding RNA (LncRNA) with higher expression in variable tumor tissues, including esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). It also plays an important function in embryonic neuronal development. Regarding its function in both stemness and carcinogenesis, here, we aimed to investigate its expression and function in tumorspheres of the esophagus using the RNAi method.

Anti-cancer effect of entacaponeon esophageal cancer cells via apoptosis induction and cell cycle modulation.

Background: Esophageal cancer (EC) is the sixth leading cause of cancer-related death, despite many advances in treatment, the survival of patients still remains poor. In recent years, the N6-methyladenosine (m6A) has been introduced as one of the most important modifications at the epitranscriptome level, with an important role in the mRNA regulation in various diseases, such as cancers. The m6A is regulated by different factors, including FTO as a demethylase.

Decreased Expression of LAMB3 Is Associated with Esophageal Cancer Stem Cell Formation.

Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is a highly aggressive cancer. The main cause of death in ESCC is related to relapse, metastasis, and resistance to cancer therapy. Recent studies have shown that a minor subset of cancer cells, known as cancer stem cells (CSCs), are responsible for tumor formation initiation and cancer progression.

MicroRNAs in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma: Application in prognosis, diagnosis, and drug delivery.

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) play a vital role in various cell biology processes, including cancer formation. These small non-coding RNAs could function as diagnostic and prognostic markers. They may involve esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) and distinctive miRNA expression profiles; they are also known as therapeutic targets in human diseases.

Long-Term Excessive Selenium Supplementation Affects Gene Expression in Esophageal Tissue of Rats.

Esophageal cancer is one of the leading causes of cancer death and the seventh most prevalent cancer worldwide. Considering the positive association of high selenium with the prevalence of esophageal cancer, we have investigated the effect of high doses of selenium on gene expression in the normal esophageal tissue of rats. Twenty male rats were randomly divided into four groups: control group, group 2 mg Se/L, 10 mg Se/L, and 20 mg Se/L rats fed with a basal basic diet and 2, 10, and 20 mg Se/L as sodium selenite in drinking water, respectively, for 20 weeks.

Synergistic effects of BAY606583 on docetaxel in esophageal cancer through modulation of ERK1/2.

Docetaxel (DTX) is a taxane chemotherapy agent used to treat many types of cancers, including esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Adenosine is a purinergic signaling molecule that contributes to cancer cell proliferation via A2B adenosine receptor (A2BAR) activation. Extracellular signal-regulated protein kinase (ERK) plays a crucial role in cell proliferation in various types of cancers.

Melatonin: A smart molecule in the DNA repair system.

DNA repair is an important pathway for the protection of DNA molecules from destruction. DNA damage can be produced by oxidative reactive nitrogen or oxygen species, irritation, alkylating agents, depurination and depyrimidination; in this regard, DNA repair pathways can neutralize the negative effects of these factors. Melatonin is a hormone secreted from the pineal gland with an antioxidant effect by binding to oxidative factors.

Knockdown of TAZ decrease the cancer stem properties of ESCC cell line YM-1 by modulation of Nanog, OCT-4 and SOX2.

Cancer stem cells are a rare population in tumors with high metastatic potential and resistance to treatment. Recent strategies in cancer treatment have focused on targeting important signaling pathways that have an important role in maintaining CSC populations. TAZ (transcriptional co-activator with PDZ-binding motif) is a key downstream of the Hippo pathway which plays a fundamental role in the survival of CSCs from different origins, however, no data on the role of TAZ in esophageal cancer are available.

Kopetdaghinanes, pro-apoptotic hemiacetialic cyclomyrsinanes from Euphorbia kopetdaghi.

Euphorbia kopetdaghi grows wild in the Northeast parts of Iran. Phytochemical study of its aerial parts led to the isolation of two undescribed cyclomyrsinol macrocyclic diterpenes with a new tetrahydrofuran oxidation pattern containing a hemiacetal group named: kopetdaghinane A and B. The structure of the isolated compounds was elucidated by extensive spectroscopic methods.

Centaurea cyanus extracted 13-O-acetylsolstitialin A decrease Bax/Bcl-2 ratio and expression of cyclin D1/Cdk-4 to induce apoptosis and cell cycle arrest in MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cell lines.

Natural products are considered recently as one of the source for production of efficient therapeutical agents for breast cancer treatment. In this study, a sesquiterpene lactone, 13-O-acetylsolstitialin A (13ASA), isolated from Centaurea cyanus, showed cytotoxic activities against MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cell lines using standard 3-(4, 5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay. To find the mechanism of action of cytotoxicity, annexin V/propidium iodide (PI) staining was performed for evaluation of apoptosis.

Galectin-9 induces apoptosis in OVCAR-3 ovarian cancer cell through mitochondrial pathway.

Galectin-9 (Gal-9), a member of animal lectins' family, is implicated in the induction of apoptosis in various cancer cells. Here, we evaluated the anti-tumor effect of Gal-9 in OVCAR-3 ovarian cancer cells. The effect of the Gal-9 on cell viability was evaluated using MTT assays.

Mitochondrial and caspase pathways are involved in the induction of apoptosis by nardosinen in MCF-7 breast cancer cell line.

Natural products isolated from plants provide a valuable source for expansion of new anticancer drugs. Nardosinen (4,9-dihydroxy-nardosin-6-en) is a natural sesquiterpene extracted from . Recently, we have reported the cytotoxic effects of nardosinen in various cancer cells.

A2B adenosine receptor agonist induces cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in breast cancer stem cells via ERK1/2 phosphorylation.

Purpose: It has been reported that cancer stem cells (CSCs) may play a crucial role in the development, recurrence and metastasis of breast cancer. Targeting signaling pathways in CSCs is considered to be a promising strategy for the treatment of cancer. Here, we investigated the role of the A2B adenosine receptor (A2BAR) and its associated signaling pathways in governing the proliferation and viability of breast cancer cell line derived CSCs.

Dihydroartemisinin Induces Apoptosis in Human Bladder Cancer Cell Lines Through Reactive Oxygen Species, Mitochondrial Membrane Potential, and Cytochrome C Pathway.

Background: Dihydroartemisinin (DHA) is a semisynthetic derivative of artemisinin and has antiproliferative effect. However, such effects of DHA have not yet been revealed for bladder cancer cells.

Methods: We used as bladder cancer cell lines to examine the effect of DHA on the cell viability, cell apoptosis, and monitoring of mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm) changes.

New 6(17)-epoxylathyrane diterpene: aellinane from Euphorbia aellenii induces apoptosis via mitochondrial pathway in ovarian cancer cell line.

Euphorbia species have been used in traditional medicine in many countries for the treatment of cancer. This article aims to evaluate the capability of a new lathyrane diterpene isolated from Euphorbia aellenii to induce apoptosis in the Caov-4 cell line to determine the underlying mechanism of its anticancer effects. A new 6(17)-epoxylathyrane diterpenes: aellinane from Euphorbia aellenii was evaluated for viability of Caov-4 cells by MTT method.

A3 adenosine receptor agonist induce G1 cell cycle arrest via Cyclin D and cyclin-dependent kinase 4 pathways in OVCAR-3 and Caov-4 cell lines.

Aim Of The Study: The cell cycle, a vital process that involves in cells' growth and division, lies at the heart of cancer. It has been shown that IB-MECA, an A3 adenosine receptor agonist inhibits the proliferation of cancer cells by inducing cell cycle arrest in several tumors. In this study, we evaluated the role of IB-MECA inhibition in cell cycle progression in ovarian cancer cells.

A3 Adenosine Receptor Agonist Inhibited Survival of Breast Cancer Stem Cells via GLI-1 and ERK1/2 Pathway.

Numerous studies have demonstrated the role of A3 adenosine receptor (A3AR) and signaling pathways in the multiple aspects of the tumor. However, there is a little study about the function of A3AR in the biological processes of cancer stem cells (CSCs). CSCs have a critical role in the maintenance and survival of breast cancer.

Prooxidant-Antioxidant Balance in Patients with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus and Its Relationship with Clinical and Laboratory Findings.

Aim. This study was aimed at evaluating prooxidant-antioxidant balance (PAB) in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and its relationship with laboratory findings and clinical manifestations. Methods.