Effect of oral pregabalin premedication on post-operative pain in laparoscopic gastric bypass surgery.

Background: Post-operative pain and the administration of opioids to relieve it, is considered to be one of the important issues in surgery wards. This issue is even more significant in obese patients, because of the side effects of opioids. Pregabalin is an analog of gamma aminobutyric acid (GABA) which can be effective in dealing with post-operative pain.

Use of remifentanil and alfentanil in endotracheal intubation: a comparative study.

Background: Opioids, such as alfentanil, are used to facilitate endotracheal intubation without the use of neuromuscular blocking agents in patients undergoing elective surgery.

Objectives: The goal of this study was to evaluate the endotracheal intubation conditions when remifentanil or alfentanil was used with propofol without the application of neuromuscular blocking agents.

Patients And Methods: One hundred American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) grade I patients scheduled for elective surgery were enrolled in this prospective, randomized, triple-blinded study.

Evaluation of the efficacy of intrathecal injection of amitriptyline and doxepin in spinal anesthesia in comparison with bupivacaine in rats.

Background: Tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs) are commonly used orally for treating chronic pain states, such as neuropathic pain. TCAs produce analgesia by various mechanisms, including sodium channels, N-methyl-d-aspartate receptors, biogenic amines, opioids, inflammatory mediators, and substance P. Studies have shown that intrathecal tricyclic administration effectively attenuates pain and thermal hyperalgesia in inflammatory and neuropathic pain in rats.

Comparison of the efficacy of adding clonidine, chlorpromazine, promethazine, and midazolam to morphine pumps in postoperative pain control of addicted patients.

Background: Addicted patients present difficulties for pain management because they have another problem besides their pain. Adding adjuvants to opioid pumps to intensify quality, control other problems, lengthen analgesia, and reduce side effects has been considered in the field.

Objectives: The objective of this study was to evaluate the analgesic effects of adding clonidine, promethazine, chlorpromazine, and midazolam to morphine in patient-controlled intravenous analgesia (PCIA) in orthopedic patients with addiction problems.