Chlorogenic acid improves urogenital dysfunction induced by exposure to ambient particulate matter.

Oxidative stress is a well-known underlying mechanism for several diseases in response to environmental pollution. Although there is a lack of evidence on the relationship between air pollution and an established risk factor for urogenital dysfunction. The aim of this study was to investigate the mechanism of particulate matter (PM) on urogenital function and evaluate the potential efficacy of chlorogenic acid (CGA) in preventing urogenital damage in rats.

Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles Ameliorate Histological Alterations Through Apoptotic Gene Regulation in Rat Model of Liver Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury.

Background: Organ ischemia-reperfusion (IR) is a common clinical condition associated with various situations such as trauma surgery, organ transplantation, and myocardial ischemia. Current therapeutic methods for IR injury have limitations, and nanotechnology, particularly zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs), offers new approaches for disease diagnosis and treatment. In this study, we investigated the protective and anti-apoptotic effects of ZnO NPs in liver ischemia-reperfusion (IR) injury in rats.

Rosmarinic acid ameliorates the complications of monocrotaline-induced right ventricular hypertrophy on the left ventricle: Investigating the signaling pathway of Wnt/β-catenin in the heart.

Objectives: Right ventricular hypertrophy (RVH) often results in failure of the right ventricle or even the left ventricle. Rosmarinic acid (RA), a natural polyphenol, is commonly found in Boraginaceae species and some species of ferns and hornworts. This study looked at how RA affects oxidative stress and left ventricular hemodynamic functions as well as RVH in monocrotaline (MCT) induced RVH model rats.

N-acetyl cysteine augments adipose tissue-derived stem cell efficacy on inflammatory markers and regulatory T cell system balance in an allergic asthma model.

Background: Allergic asthma is a destructive inflammatory process in the respiratory system. The anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects of N-acetylcysteine (NAC) have been reported in patients with obstructive pulmonary disease. On the other hand, several studies have shown the modulatory effects of mesenchymal stem cells on the immune system and inflammatory responses.

The Role of Rosmarinic Acid in the Protection Against Inflammatory Factors in Rats Model With Monocrotaline-Induced Pulmonary Hypertension: Investigating the Signaling Pathway of NFκB, OPG, Runx2, and P-Selectin in Heart.

Shortness of breath and syncope are common symptoms of right ventricular failure caused by pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH), which is the result of blockage and increased pressure in the pulmonary arteries. There is a significant amount of evidence supporting the idea that inflammation and vascular calcification (VC) are important factors in PAH pathogenesis. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the features of the inflammatory process and gene expression involved in VC in monocrotaline (MCT)-induced PAH rats.

Anandamide Attenuates Neurobehavioral Deficits and EEG Irregularities in the Chronic Sleep Deprivation Rats: The Role of Oxidative Stress and Neuroinflammation.

Sleep deprivation increases stress, anxiety, and depression by altering the endocannabinoid system's function. In the present study, we aimed to investigate the anti-anxiety and anti-depressant effects of the endocannabinoid anandamide (AEA) in the chronic sleep deprivation (SD) model in rats. Adult male Wistar rats (200-250 g) were randomly divided into three groups: control + vehicle (Control), chronic sleep deprivation + vehicle (SD), and chronic sleep deprivation + 20 mg/kg AEA (SD + A).

Effect of Gallic Acid Pretreatment and SGK1 Enzyme Inhibition on Cardiac Function and Inflammation in a Rat Model of Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury.

Background: Serum and glucocorticoid-induced kinase 1 (SGK1) is an enzyme that may play an important role in ischemic-reperfusion (I/R) injury and myocardial dysfunction. Although many studies have been conducted on individual antioxidants, little attention has been paid to the effects of co-administration of an antioxidant with an SGK1 inhibitor on cardiac function after I/R.

Methods: This study aimed to determine the effects of gallic acid (as an antioxidant) combined with an SGK1 inhibitor on I/R-induced cardiac dysfunction and inflammation.

Anandamide improves food intake and orexinergic neuronal activity in the chronic sleep deprivation induction model in rats by modulating the expression of the CB1 receptor in the lateral hypothalamus.

Sleep deprivation alters orexinergic neuronal activity in the lateral hypothalamus (LH), which is the main regulator of sleep-wake, arousal, appetite, and energy regulation processes. Cannabinoid receptor (CBR) expression in this area is involved in modulating the function of orexin neurons. In this study, we investigated the effects of endocannabinoid anandamide (AEA) administration on improving food intake and appetite by modulating the activity of orexin neurons and CB1R expression after chronic sleep deprivation.

Gentisic acid ameliorates type 2 diabetes induced by Nicotinamide-Streptozotocin in male mice by attenuating pancreatic oxidative stress and inflammation through modulation of Nrf2 and NF-кB pathways.

Aims: There is a close link between oxidative stress, inflammation, and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Gentisic acid (GA) is a di-phenolic compound and an active metabolite of aspirin that possesses antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, but its potential anti-diabetic effects have not been evaluated so far. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate GA's potential antidiabetic effects through the Nuclear Factor Erythroid 2-Related Factor (Nrf2) and Nuclear Factor Kappa Beta (NF-кB) signaling pathways.

Gentisic acid protects against diabetic nephropathy in Nicotinamide-Streptozotocin administered male mice by attenuating oxidative stress and inflammation: The role of miR-200a/Keap1/Nrf2 pathway, renin-angiotensin system (RAS) and NF-кB.

Oxidative stress and inflammation play a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of diabetic nephropathy (DN). Local renin-angiotensin systems (RAS) contribute to the pathogenesis and progression of DN by exacerbating oxidative stress and inflammation.Gentisic acid (GA), a phenolic compound and also a metabolite of aspirin, is reported to possess antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties.

Protective effects of crocin and gallic acid on the liver damage induced by methylglyoxal in male mice: role of inflammatory factors.

Aim: This study aims to evaluate whether biochemical alterations caused by methylglyoxal (MG), improves by the administration of gallic acid (GA), crocin (Cr), and metformin (MT) in the liver.

Background: MG is produced naturally through various physiological processes, but high levels of MG cause inflammation in hepatocytes. Normal liver function is essential for maintaining glucose homeostasis.

Therapeutic Effect of Kidney Tubular Cells-Derived Conditioned Medium on the Expression of MicroRNA-377, MicroRNA-29a, Aquapurin-1, Biochemical, and Histopathological Parameters Following Diabetic Nephropathy Injury in Rats.

Background: Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is a critical complication of diabetes mellitus. This study evaluates whether administration of conditioned medium from kidney tubular cells (KTCs-CM) has the ability to be efficacious as an alternative to cell-based therapy for DN.

Materials And Methods: CM of rabbit kidney tubular cells (RK13; KTCs) has been collected and after centrifugation, filtered with 0.

-Coumaric acid has pure anti-inflammatory characteristics against hepatopathy caused by ischemia-reperfusion in the liver and dust exposure.

Objectives: Studies show that chronic injuries like air pollution or acute damage such as hepatic ischemia-reperfusion (IR) cause various cellular pathologies such as oxidative stress, apoptosis, autophagy, and inflammation in hepatocytes. -Coumaric acid (CA) is known as an antioxidant with many therapeutic impacts on inflammatory-related pathologies. In this experiment, we aimed to assess the hepatoprotective effects of -CA on liver damage induced by dust and IR injury in adult male rats.

Adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells in emphysema: Comparison of inflammatory markers changes in response to intratracheal and systemic delivery method.

Cytokines are the most important inflammatory mediators and are well-known as the main cause of emphysema. Adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) as a cell-based treatment strategy could play a pivotal role in lung regeneration through anti-inflammatory and paracrine properties. Accordingly, the aim of this study was to the comparison of inflammation markers' improvement in response to the intratracheal and systemic delivery method of adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells in emphysema.

Crocin attenuates endoplasmic reticulum stress in methylglyoxal-induced diabetic nephropathy in male mice: MicroRNAs alterations and glyoxalase 1-Nrf2 signaling pathways.

Objectives: Accumulation of methylglyoxal (MGO) occurs in diabetes. MicroRNA-204 is an important intracellular marker in the diagnosis of endoplasmic reticulum stress. Crocin (Crn) has beneficial effects for diabetes, but the effect of Crn on MGO-induced diabetic nephropathy has not been investigated.

Association between physical activity and serum liver aminotransferases in Southwestern Iran: A Cross-sectional study.

Background: The main aim of the present study is to investigate the independent association objectively measured level of physical activity (PA) and serum concentration of liver aminotransferases (alanine aminotransferase [ALT] and aspartate aminotransferase [AST]) among seemingly healthy individuals.

Materials And Methods: The current secondary study was conducted in the framework of Khuzestan Comprehensive Health Study, a large population-based multicentric cross-sectional study, conducted between 2016 and 2019 on 18,966 individuals living in Khuzestan province, southwestern Iran. International PA Questionnaire was used for evaluating PA levels, and participants were divided into three groups: low, moderate, and high PA, and ALT and AST were compared between these groups.

Efficacy of chlorogenic acid against ethylene glycol-induced renal stone model: The role of NFKB-RUNX2-AP1-OSTERIX signaling pathway.

Background And Objective: Renal tissue injuries by free radicals are an essential reason in pathogenesis of urinary tract stones. Ethylene glycol is one of the toxic agents which can causes to the increases in biosynthesis of reactive oxygen species and oxidative stress condition. Natural antioxidants have been reported to protective efficacy against renal stones formation.

Gallic Acid Improves Therapeutic Effects of Mesenchymal Stem Cells Derived from Adipose Tissue in Acute Renal Injury Following Rhabdomyolysis Induced by Glycerol.

Acute kidney injury (AKI) is identified by a progressive reduction in the glomerular filtration rate (GFR) and retention of nitrogenous waste products. Traumatic and nontraumatic rhabdomyolysis is recently considered the main cause of AKI. According to several studies, stem cell treatment is a promising therapeutic strategy for many types of disorders including AKI.

Therapeutic Effect of Crocin on the NASH Model by Targeting the Fas Receptor Signaling Pathway.

Background: The role of hepatocyte apoptosis and inflammation has been implicated in the progression of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). Overproduction of reactive oxygen species (ROS) appears to accelerate these pathways through the activation of Fas receptor signaling. Therefore, we explored the hepatoprotective effects of crocin as a strong free radical scavenger against oxidative damages leading to NASH development.

Protective effect of crocin on hemodynamic parameters, electrocardiogram parameters, and oxidative stress in isolated hearts of rats exposed to PM.

Objectives: Exposures to particulate matter (PM) have been related to increased risk for cardiovascular health effects and can promote cardiac ischemia and oxidative stress. Crocin has strong antioxidant properties and stress-reducing effects. Therefore, this study considered the effect of crocin on cardiovascular parameters in rats exposed to PM.

Crocin ameliorates MicroRNAs-associated ER stress in type 2 diabetes induced by methylglyoxal.

Objectives: Methylglyoxal (MG) provokes endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress in β-cells and triggers pancreatic β-cell dysfunction. Crocin has anti-diabetic properties. The present study investigated whether crocin prevented pancreas damages induced by MG.

Characterization of diet based nonalcoholic fatty liver disease/nonalcoholic steatohepatitis in rodent models: Histological and biochemical outcomes.

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), as the most common chronic liver disease, is rapidly increasing worldwide. This complex disorder can include simple liver steatosis to more serious stages of nonalcoholic fibrosis and steatohepatitis (NASH). One of the critical concerns in NASH research is selecting and confiding in relying on preclinical animal models and experimental methods that can accurately reflect the situation in human NASH.

The renoprotective effects of gallic acid on cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity through anti-apoptosis, anti-inflammatory effects, and downregulation of lncRNA TUG1.

Cisplatin, an antineoplastic drug used in cancer therapy, -induced nephrotoxicity mediated by the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Gallic acid (GA) is identified as an antioxidant substance with free radical scavenging properties. This research was designed to examine the ameliorative impact of GA caused by cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity through apoptosis and long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) Taurine-upregulated gene 1 (TUG1) expression.

Effects of Exosomes Derived from Kidney Tubular Cells on Diabetic Nephropathy in Rats.

Objective: One of the severe complications and well-known sources of end stage renal disease (ESRD) from diabetes mellitus is diabetic nephropathy (DN). Exosomes secreted from diverse cells are one of the novel encouraging therapies for chronic renal injuries. In this study, we assess whether extracted exosomes from kidney tubular cells (KTCs) could prevent early stage DN .