The efficacy of ketoprofen and paracetamol (acetaminophen) in postoperative pain after third molar surgery.

1. A placebo-controlled, double-blind, randomized trial was carried out to evaluate the efficacy of single doses of racemic ketoprofen 12.5 and 25 mg and paracetamol 500 and 1000 mg in patients with post-operative pain after third molar surgery over a 6 h investigation period.

Plasma and saliva concentrations of phenytoin and 5-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-5-phenylhydantoin in relation to the incidence and severity of phenytoin-induced gingival overgrowth in epileptic patients.

This study examined the relationships between plasma and saliva concentrations of phenytoin and 5-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-5-phenylhydantoin (HPPH), the major metabolite of phenytoin in man, and the prevalence and severity of gingival overgrowth. Thirty-six adult epileptic patients who had been receiving phenytoin for greater than 6 months without a recent change in dosage were assessed for signs of periodontal disease and gingival overgrowth. Plasma and saliva samples were analyzed by high performance liquid chromatography for the determination of phenytoin and HPPH concentrations.

Essential roles of core starvation-stress response loci in carbon-starvation-inducible cross-resistance and hydrogen peroxide-inducible adaptive resistance to oxidative challenge in Salmonella typhimurium.

The starvation-stress response (SSR) of Salmonella typhimurium encompasses the physiological changes that occur upon starvation for an essential nutrient, e.g. C-source.

Automated gas chromatographic assay for amlodipine in plasma and gingival crevicular fluid.

This paper describes an automated capillary gas chromatographic method for the determination of amlodipine in plasma, and in sub-microlitre volumes of gingival crevicular fluid (GCF), in order to assess if amlodipine is present in GCF under conditions of gingival overgrowth, as has been shown for nifedipine, another dihydropyridine drug. Liquid-liquid extraction followed by derivatisation was employed to isolate amlodipine and render it suitable for gas chromatography. Amlodipine was analysed in plasma and GCF of four patients undergoing amlodipine therapy for cardiovascular disorders, three of whom had significant gingival overgrowth.

The distribution of gingival overgrowth in organ transplant patients.

The distribution of gingival overgrowth was investigated in a cohort of organ transplant patients, who were medicated with cyclosporin or the combination of cyclosporin and a calcium channel blocking drug. Gingival overgrowth scores were significantly higher at buccal sites than lingual-palatally (p < 0.0001).

Diffuse adenomyosis: comparison of endovaginal US and MR imaging with histopathologic correlation.

Purpose: To compare the accuracy of endovaginal ultrasound (US) and magnetic resonance (MR) imaging in the diagnosis of adenomyosis.

Materials And Methods: The authors prospectively studied 119 consecutive patients undergoing hysterectomy. The endovaginal US scans and MR images were interpreted independently in a double-blind fashion.

The pathogenesis of drug-induced gingival overgrowth.

Gingival overgrowth is a well-documented unwanted effect, associated with phenytoin, cyclosporin, and the calcium channel blockers. The pathogenesis of drug-induced gingival overgrowth is uncertain, and there appears to be no unifying hypothesis that links together the 3 commonly implicated drugs. In this review, we consider a multifactorial model which expands on the interaction between drug and/or metabolite, with the gingival fibroblasts.

Evaluation of different doses of soluble ibuprofen and ibuprofen tablets in postoperative dental pain.

The object of the study was to assess the comparative efficacy of three single doses (200, 400, 600 mg) of soluble ibuprofen and ibuprofen tablets after third molar surgery in 148 patients and aged 18-40 years. Outcome was measured by overall assessment of pain (AUC360) assessed from serial visual analogue scales, the number of patients taking additional analgesic and by overall assessment of medication evaluated on a five-point categorical scale. Over the 6-hour investigation period all the ibuprofen treatments with the exception of ibuprofen tablets 200 mg resulted in significantly less pain (p < 0.

Gingival overgrowth in paediatric cardiac transplant patients: a study of 19 patients aged between 2 and 16 years.

It is well established that both cyclosporin and nifedipine are associated with gingival overgrowth. However, there is little information on the prevalence of this undesirable effect in paediatric patients. The present study investigated gingival overgrowth in 19 cardiac transplant patients aged 2 years 8 months to 16 years 3 months (1.

The pharmacokinetics of phenytoin in gingival crevicular fluid and plasma in relation to gingival overgrowth.

The aim of this study was to determine whether phenytoin (PHT) could be detected in gingival crevicular fluid (GCF), and to relate its concentration to both plasma level and degree of gingival overgrowth. 23 patients medicated with phenytoin for at least 6 months were clinically examined for signs of periodontal disease and gingival overgrowth. 12 patients out of these demonstrated clinically significant overgrowth and their plaque scores and gingival inflammation were greater than for the non-overgrowth group (p < 0.

Thiodicarb.

Dimethyl N,N'-[thiobis(methyliminocarbonyloxy)] bis-(ethanimidothiolate), C10H18N4O4S3, is an example of a sulfenylated biscarbamate insecticide. The molecule has an approximate twofold axis through the central S atom which joins the two methyliminocarbonyloxyethanimidothiolate units. One of the two arms is planar in the crystal.

Effects of peripherally and centrally acting analgesics on somato-sensory evoked potentials.

1. The effects of aspirin 1000 mg, paracetamol 1000 mg, codeine 60 mg on somatosensory evoked potentials (SEPs) were measured in a four-way cross-over study. 2.

Iatrogenic gingival overgrowth in cardiac transplantation.

It is well established that both cyclosporin and nifedipine are associated with gingival overgrowth. Although both drugs are widely used in the management of organ transplant patients, there is little information on the prevalence and severity of this unwanted effect in cardiac transplant patients. This study evaluated the gingival health of 94 dentate cardiac transplant patients, all of whom were medicated with cyclosporin as a component of their immunosuppressive therapy.

Periodontal variables affecting nifedipine sequestration in gingival crevicular fluid.

We previously demonstrated the sequestration of nifedipine in gingival crevicular fluid (GCF), especially in patients exhibiting significant gingival overgrowth. The aim of the present study is to determine the role of site specific periodontal factors in this phenomenon. 10 adult patients exhibiting nifedipine induced gingival overgrowth were studied.

Some aspects of the coevolution of virulence and resistance in contact transmission disease processes with ecological constraints.

In this paper, the author constructs a general, continuous-time dynamical model of a coevolutionary host-microparasite interaction, which incorporates host resistance (degree of susceptibility to invasion by the parasite) and parasite virulence (pathogenicity and transmission efficiency). Discrete classes of resistance type and virulence type are allowed. It is assumed that high virulence parasite strains are able to take over hosts already occupied by lower virulence strains.

Creating a collage: a meaningful interactive classroom strategy.

How can students be helped to make personal meaning of their nursing knowledge? The author describes one strategy, that of creating a collage, that promoted interactive learning and the making of meaning.

Effect of in vivo administration of IL-3 and IL-6, alone and in combination with G-CSF, GM-CSF or IL-1, on haematopoiesis, graft-versus-host disease and survival after murine haematopoietic stem cell transplantation.

We have explored the effect of IL-3 and IL-6, each alone and in combination with G-CSF, GM-CSF or IL-1, on neutrophil and platelet recovery in BALB/c mice (H-2d) given 10 Gy total body irradiation followed by 10(7) bone marrow cells and 10(6) spleen cells from C57BL6 donors (H-2b), as well as the effect of IL-3 alone and IL-6 alone on graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) and survival. Neither IL-3 alone nor IL-6 alone significantly increased the circulating absolute neutrophil count (ANC) at day 6 post transplant when compared with mice given saline injections (ANC 0.31 x 10(9)/l).

Pharmacological control of periodontal disease. II. Antimicrobial agents.

Antimicrobial agents are of value in the management of certain types of periodontal disease, notably early onset, juvenile and refractory periodontitis. The diagnosis of these conditions is often made on clinical grounds but microbial sampling of the pocket flora is of value in determining the type of antimicrobial therapy. Routine systemic use of these drugs in the management of chronic adult periodontitis is contraindicated, and is no substitute for root surface debridement and thorough supragingival plaque control.

Canopy dynamics and the morphological development of Abies balsamea: effects of foliage age on specific leaf area and secondary vascular development.

Data were collected from two branches from each whorl of nine open-grown Abies balsamea (L.) Miller trees to test the hypothesis that specific leaf area (SLA, m(2) projected fresh leaf area kg(-1) oven-dry foliage) is constant among five foliage age classes (current-year, 1-year-old, 2-year-old, 3-year-old and 4-year-old-plus). Between-tree variation in SLA was greater than within-tree variation.

Tetracyclines in the management of periodontal diseases. A review.

Periodontal diseases essentially comprise a group of oral infections whose primary aetiological factor is dental plaque. Removal of the cause (and its effects) is the primary aim of both non-surgical and surgical treatment regimens, although the infective nature of the diseases has led to the widespread use of antimicrobials as an adjunct to mechanical debridement. The tetracyclines are primarily bacteriostatic agents that are effective against many Gram-negative species including putative periodontopathogens such as Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans (A.

Embryonic and larval respiration in the arboreal foam nests of the African frog Chiromantis xerampelina.

In Zimbabwe, female Chiromantis xerampelina construct spherical foam nests that are suspended above temporary water. The nests average 624 ml in volume and contain 854 eggs. The 1.

Pharmacological control of periodontal disease. I. Antiplaque agents.

Inhibition of the development of dental plaque remains one of the primary aims of periodontal care. Many patients, however, are unable to master completely the mechanical methods of plaque control and for this reason, considerable research efforts have been directed towards the development and use of chemical agents to inhibit the growth of plaque. This first of two articles, therefore, examines the pharmacological properties and efficacy of commercially available antiplaque agents.

Corticosteroid prophylaxis for patients with increased risk of adverse reactions to intravascular contrast agents: a survey of current practice in the UK.

There is no definite experimental evidence that prophylactic corticosteroids reduce the frequency or severity of adverse effects from low-osmolar contrast agents in patients at increased risk of reaction. There is no consensus in terms of how prophylaxis should be conducted. We have studied current radiologists' practice in the UK by sending postal questionnaires to 212 radiologists randomly selected from a list of current consultants who are Fellows of the Royal College of Radiologists.

The periodontal problems and management of the renal transplant patient.

This review considers the periodontal problems of renal transplant patients with particular reference to their drug therapy and the pretransplant uremia. It would appear that either disease- or drug-induced immunosuppression affords the renal transplant patient a degree of "protection" against periodontal breakdown. However, of more significance to the periodontologist is the problem of drug-induced gingival overgrowth with reference to both cyclosporin and nifedipine.