Clinical Value of Inflammatory Biomarkers in Determining Severity of COVID-19.

: COVID-19 infection can occur as a mild, moderate, or severe illness. How patients will be more serious has not been fully revealed so far. To investigate the role of systemic inflammation index (SII), platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), mean platelet volume (MPV), mean platelet volume to platelet ratio (MPR), and neutrophil-to-lymphocyte and platelet ratio (NLPR) in determining the severity of COVID-19 patients.

Evaluation of index of cardiac-electrophysiological balance in patients with subarachnoid hemorrhage.

Background: Various electrocardiographic (ECG) changes occur after subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). Prolonged QT and corrected QT (QTc) intervals are notable changes. QT, QTc, T peak-to-end T(p-e) intervals, and Tp-e/QTc ratio are used as ventricular arrhythmia indices.

Effects of Benidipine Hydrochloride on Ischemia Reperfusion Injury of Rat Brain.

Aim: To evaluate the neuroprotective effects of benidipine hydrochloride on the cerebral cortex tissues in rats exposed to cerebral ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury.

Material And Methods: Twenty-four male Wistar albino rats were randomly divided into three groups, and administered benidipine hydrochloride (10 ?g/kg/day) orally through a catheter for 2 h to form the study group (BIR group, n=8). The I/R procedure was performed in the rats of the IR group (n=8), and a sham group was formed to determine the normal structure of the cerebral cortex (n=8).

Steel rod impalement injuries involving the spine: A case report and literature review.

Steel rod impalements, mostly experienced by construction workers due to falls from heights, are known entities, but only some individuals unfortunately suffer spinal cord injury. The management of the spine involved injuries is challenging due to the lack of guidelines, various clinical presentations resulting from different trajectories, and high risk of infection. We report a case of steel rod impalement involving the spinal canal and review the literature to enhance the management strategies and to identify the risk factors for possible complications, particularly infection.

Decreased catalase expression is associated with ligamentum flavum hypertrophy due to lumbar spinal canal stenosis.

Background: This is an immunohistologic study of gene expression between patients and controls.This study aims to evaluate expression of the catalase gene in hypertrophied ligamentum flavum (LF) specimens obtained from patients with lumbar spinal canal stenosis (LSCS).LSCS is one of the most common spinal disorders.

Black-Colored Ligamentum Flavum Due to Alkaptonuria.

Alkaptonuria is a rare metabolic disease caused by deficiency of homogentisic acid oxidase and characterized by bluish-black discoloration of cartilages and skin (ochronosis). Defective production of this enzyme results in the accumulation of homogentisic acid (HGA), a tyrosine degradation product, in the bloodstream. Accumulation of HGA and its metabolites in tissues causes ochronosis.

Occipital Condyle Fracture Extending to the Inferior Part of the Clivus.

Although rarely reported in the literature, serious occipital and condylar fractures have been diagnosed more often with the widespread use of computed cranial tomography in traumas. In this paper, a 16-year-old female with a left occipital fracture extending from the left occipital condyle anterior of the hypoglossal canal to the inferior part of the clivus is presented. The fracture which had caused a neurological deficit was cured with conservative treatment.

Neuroretinal evaluation using optical coherence tomography in patients affected by pituitary tumors.

Aim: To investigate the thickness of the retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL), the ganglion cell layer (GCL), inner plexiform layer (IPL), and choroid thickness (CT) in patients with pituitary tumours, microadenoma and macroadenoma, using spectral optical coherence tomography (OCT).

Methods: Thirty six patients who had micro and macroadenoma, and 34 healthy participants (control group) were included in the study. Spectral OCT was used to measure the RNFL, GCL, IPL, and CT values for all patients.

A Retrospective Analysis of Neonatal Encephalocele Predisposing Factors and Outcomes.

Objective: This study evaluates the predisposing factors and outcomes of surgical management of encephaloceles at our institution.

Materials And Methods: A retrospective analysis of 32 occipital encephaloceles managed operatively at the Neurosurgery Department Clinics of the Faculty of Medicine, Adıyaman University, was performed between 2011 and 2015.

Results: Among the study population, 19 mothers had been exposed to TORCH infections (toxoplasma, rubella, cytomegalovirus, herpes simplex virus), 18 were in consanguineous marriages, and 3 had regular prenatal screening.

Cerebrospinal fluid leakage from the umbilicus: Case report and literature review.

Introduction: Shunt catheters within the peritoneal cavity have migrated through and perforated almost all the intra-abdominal hollow viscera. An umbilical cerebrospinal fluid fistula following a ventriculoperitoneal shunt is an extremely rare complication.

Case Presentation: We report a 8-month-old infant who presented with leak of clear fluid from the umbilicus, seven months after a ventriculoperitoneal shunt operation.

Alpha-lipoic acid inhibits peridural fibrosis following laminectomy through the inactivation of TGF-β1, PDGF, PAI-1 and IL-6 expressions.

Aim: The objective of this study was to investigate the antifibrotic effect of parenteral administration of alpha-lipoic acid (ALA), which has been reported to reduce fibrosis in the liver, oral mucosa, and peritoneum, in laminectomized rabbits as a potential candidate for the prevention of peridural fibrosis.

Material And Methods: Twelve adult New Zealand white male rabbits were divided into control (n=6) and ALA treatment groups (n=6). Laminectomy of the lumbar spine was performed in all animals, and ALA was administered intramuscularly in six rabbits composing the treatment group.

Comparative results of standard open and mini open, KnifeLight instrument-assisted carpal tunnel release.

Purpose: The purpose of our study was to compare the results of standard open and mini open (approximately 1.5-cm incision), KnifeLight instrument (Stryker Instruments, Kalamazoo, Michigan, USA) assisted carpal tunnel release (CTR) concerning symptomatic, functional, and electrophysiological aspects, as well as complications during early and late postoperative follow-up.

Patients And Method: Seventy-five patients who did not improve with nonsurgical methods and were planned to undergo surgery were separated into two groups.

The effects of pre-emptive analgesia with bupivacaine on acute post-laminectomy pain.

Introduction: This is a prospective, non-randomized, hospital-based, case-controlled, clinical trial to assess the efficacy of perineural infiltration with bupivacaine at the related neural root for acute pain relief after lumbar laminectomy.

Method: Fifty-one patients undergoing unilateral one spinal level (lumbar 4) hemi-partial laminectomy were included in the study. In 22 of the patients (Group 2), bupivacaine was infiltrated onto the neural root immediately after the exposure; the 29 patients in the control group (Group 1) were not infiltrated.