Demonstration of passive, nonlinear, and active devices on a hybrid photonic platform.

The monolithic fabrication of passive, nonlinear, and active functionalities on a single chip is highly desired in the wake of the development and commercialization of integrated photonic platforms. However, the co-integration of diverse functionalities has been challenging as each platform is optimized for specific applications, typically requiring different structures and fabrication flows. In this article, we report on a monolithic and complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor CMOS-compatible hybrid wafer-scale photonics platform that is suitable for linear, nonlinear, and active photonics based on moderate confinement 0.

Physical, chemical and biological properties of MTA Angelus and novel AGM MTA: an in vitro analysis.

Introduction: Mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) is a calcium silicate-based cement that has changed conventional dental therapeutic approaches. This study aimed to evaluate physical, chemical and biological properties of novel AGM MTA, in comparison with MTA Angelus.

Methods: The samples were prepared according to the manufacturer's instructions.

Improving reproductive outcomes in frozen embryo transfer over fresh embryo transfer in women with endometrioma: A historical cohort study.

Background: Endometrioma, a common manifestation of endometriosis, often indicates the severity of the disease. In vitro fertilization and embryo transfer (ET) are key therapeutic strategies for infertility associated with endometriosis. However, the optimal type of ET (frozen or fresh) and its impact on pregnancy success rates remain debated, with limited studies available.

The relationship between intrinsic capacity and functional ability in older adults.

Introduction: Intrinsic Capacity in integrated geriatric care emphasizes the importance of a thorough functional assessment. Monitoring the intrinsic capacity of older individuals provides standardized and reliable information to prevent early disability. This study assessed the relationship between intrinsic capacity and functional ability in older adults.

Green Tea Extract (; L.): A Promising Antimicrobial, Anti-Quorum Sensing and Antibiofilm Candidate Against Multidrug-Resistant Species.

Background: Thermophilic species are among the main culprits behind bacterial gastroenteritis globally and have grown progressively resistant to clinically important antimicrobials. Many studies have been carried out to explore innovative and alternative strategies to control antibiotic-resistant campylobacters in animal reservoirs and human hosts; however, limited studies have been performed to develop efficient control schemes against biofilms.

Methods: This study investigated the antimicrobial and antibiofilm activities of some herbal extracts against multidrug-resistant (MDR) species recovered from different sources using phenotypic and molecular techniques.

Physicochemical Characterization, Storage Stability Behavior, and Intestinal Bioaccessibility of Clove Extract Encapsulated Using Varying Combinations of Gum Arabic and Maltodextrin.

Clove (, L.) is a rich source of polyphenols and antioxidants, but its intense flavor, poor solubility, and instability may limit its widespread and efficient use in industrial applications. In a series of laboratory-scale experiments, gum Arabic (GA) and maltodextrin (MD) were used as coating agents in various proportions (ranging from 0MD:100GA to 100MD:0GA) for encapsulation of clove extract using a freeze-drying method.

Neural reshaping: the plasticity of human brain and artificial intelligence in the learning process.

Unlabelled: This study explores the concept of neural reshaping and the mechanisms through which both human and artificial intelligence adapt and learn.

Objectives: To investigate the parallels and distinctions between human brain plasticity and artificial neural network plasticity, with a focus on their learning processes.

Methods: A comparative analysis was conducted using literature reviews and machine learning experiments, specifically employing a multi-layer perceptron neural network to examine regression and classification problems.

A Pilot Trial of Nicotinamide Riboside and Coenzyme Q10 on Inflammation and Oxidative Stress in Chronic Kidney Disease.

Background: Mitochondria-driven oxidative/redox stress and inflammation play a major role in chronic kidney disease (CKD) pathophysiology. Compounds targeting mitochondrial metabolism may improve mitochondrial function, inflammation, and redox stress; however, there is limited evidence of their efficacy in CKD.

Methods: We conducted a pilot randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled crossover trial comparing the effects of 1200 mg/day of coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) or 1000 mg/day of nicotinamide riboside (NR) supplementation to placebo in 25 people with moderate-to-severe CKD (estimated glomerular filtration rate [eGFR] <60mL/min/1.

Association of Cardiovascular Risk Factors With Major and Minor Electrocardiographic Abnormalities: A Report From the Cross-Sectional Phase of Tehran Cohort Study.

Background And Aims: In the current study, we aimed to identify the association between major and minor electrocardiographic abnormalities and cardiovascular risk factors.

Methods: We used the Tehran cohort study baseline data, an ongoing multidisciplinary, longitudinal study designed to identify cardiovascular disease risk factors in the adult population of Tehran. The electrocardiograms (ECGs) of 7630 Iranian adults aged 35 years and above were analyzed.

Hypercholesterolemia triggers innate immune imbalance and transforms brain infarcts after ischemic stroke.

Post-stroke early activation of neutrophils contributes to intensive neuroinflammation and worsens disease outcomes. Other pre-existing patient conditions can modify the extent of their activation during disease, especially hypercholesterolemia. However, whether and how increased circulating cholesterol amounts can change neutrophil activation responses very early after stroke has not been studied.

Misdiagnosis of a Massive Pulmonary Thromboembolism in A Patient With Dextrocardia and a Pacemaker.

Pulmonary thromboembolism (PTE) is the third most common cause of acute cardiovascular disease, which can lead to high morbidity and mortality if left untreated. Anatomical and electrophysiological variations and obesity may complicate timely diagnosis and delay required management. While computed tomography pulmonary angiography (CTPA) remains the most accurate diagnostic tool, initial assessments using electrocardiography (ECG) or echocardiography can be helpful in early suspicion.

Computational structure-based design of antiviral peptides as potential protein-protein interaction inhibitors of rabies virus phosphoprotein and human LC8.

Rabies is a serious zoonotic disease caused by the rabies virus (RABV). Despite the successful development of vaccines and efforts made in drug discovery, rabies is incurable. Therefore, development of novel drugs is of interest to the scientific community.

Protective effects of hydatid cyst fluid on inflammation and tissue damage in rat model of type 1 diabetes.

Cystic echinococcosis, caused by Echinococcus granulosus, is a zoonotic disease with immunomodulatory properties attributed to hydatid cyst fluid (HCF). Given the immune-modulating and anti-inflammatory properties of HCF observed in other contexts, its potential therapeutic effects in diabetes remain unexplored. This study aimed to investigate the potential therapeutic effects of HCF on glycemic control, inflammatory cytokines, and tissue histopathology in a streptozotocin (STZ)-induced model of type 1 diabetes.

The effects of a sleep intervention in the early COVID-19 pandemic on insomnia and depressive symptoms: Results of a randomized controlled pilot study.

The COVID-19 Pandemic increased the prevalence and severity of insomnia and depression symptoms. The effects of an insomnia intervention on future insomnia and depression symptoms delivered during an ongoing stressor, which may have precipitated the insomnia symptoms, is unknown. We conducted a two-arm randomized controlled pilot study to evaluate whether an insomnia intervention would improve the trajectory of insomnia and depression symptoms in the context of a global pandemic.

The effect of a mindfulness-based cognitive therapy program on the spiritual health of mothers of infants admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit.

Introduction: The birth and admission of a premature infant to the NICU is often an unexpected experience and a mental and spiritual challenge for families. Spiritual health is an influential factor affecting how a mother faces and endures a stressful situation. Improving the mother's spiritual health requires cognitive therapy approaches, including mindfulness techniques.

Effects of cypermethrin exposure on learning and memory functions and anxiety-like behavior in rats.

Background: Cypermethrin (CYP), a synthetic pyrethroid widely used to control plant pests, has been associated with various diseases in humans exposed to pesticides, either directly or indirectly. This study aimed to examine the effects of CYP on learning and memory functions, as well as anxiety-like behavior.

Methods: Forty male Wistar rats (8 weeks old) were randomly assigned to 4 groups: The first group served as the control, while the other three groups received different doses of CYP (5, 20, and 80 mg/kg) via gavage once daily for one month.

The effect of consuming bread contaminated with heavy metals on cardiovascular disease and calculating its risk assessment.

Heavy metals (HMs) may cause the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), which results in oxidative stress and eventually leads to an increase in cardiovascular diseases (CVD). The Hoveyzeh Cohort Study Center provided clinical data for cardiovascular cases. The collection of samples was done randomly.

Novel technique and outcomes of umbilical reconstruction during cytoreductive surgery; a multi-centre study.

Background: The goal of cytoreductive surgery for peritoneal malignancy is to remove all macroscopic disease, which occasionally requires the excision of the umbilicus. While the absence of the umbilicus can be aesthetically undesirable for patients, umbilical reconstruction is rarely performed due to the perceived complexity and increased risk of wound infections (Sakata et al. in Colorectal Dis 23:1153-1157, 2021).

Relationship between TyG-BMI index and glycemic index with diet quality, anthropometric indices, and blood pressure in patients with metabolic syndrome.

A recently introduced metric for assessing metabolic syndrome (MetS) is the triglyceride glucose-body mass index (TyG-BMI). Additionally, the glycemic index (GI) is recognized as a significant measure for evaluating conditions associated with blood glucose. In this context, our research explores the correlation between TyG-BMI and GI in relation to diet quality, anthropometric measurements, and blood pressure among individuals diagnosed with MetS.

Associations Between Delayed Sleep Phase Syndrome and Daytime Napping with the Metabolic Syndrome Among Adults: Results from the Ravansar Non-Communicable Disease (RaNCD) Cohort Study.

Objective: Adverse sleep and wake patterns are associated with physical health complaints, including metabolic disorders. The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between delayed sleep phase syndrome (DSPS) and napping during the day with metabolic syndrome (MetS).

Methods: This study was conducted on 10 065 participants aged 35-65 years using baseline data from the Ravansar Non-Communicable Disease (RaNCD) cohort study.

Comparison of surgical wound infection and dehiscence following the use of two methods of nylon sutures and skin staples in staples in diabetic mellitus patients undergoing total knee arthroplasty surgery: a randomized clinical trial study.

Objective: Timely and complete surgical wound healing substantially affects the patient's performance and satisfaction with surgery outcomes. Sutures and staples are two common wound closure methods in total knee arthroplasty; however, their role in reducing the rate of surgical wound infections and dehiscence in diabetic patients is unclear. Therefore, this study was conducted to investigate the rate of infection and post-closure dehiscence in wounds closed with either nylon sutures or skin staples in diabetic patients undergoing total knee arthroplasty (TKA).