Ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate 1 (Rac1) is a small GTPase belonging to the Rho family. It acts as a binary molecular switch regulating several cellular functions, including cell adhesion and migration. Malfunctions due to the P29S mutation in Rac1 increase the stability of the activated form of Rac1.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) causes pulmonary injury or multiple-organ injury by various pathological pathways. Transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β) is a key factor that is released during SARS-CoV-2 infection. TGF-β, by internalization of the epithelial sodium channel (ENaC), suppresses the anti-oxidant system, downregulates the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR), and activates the plasminogen activator inhibitor 1 (PAI-1) and nuclear factor-kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-kB).
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