Toxicological effects of meloxicam on physiological and antioxidant status of common carp (Cyprinus carpio).

Background: Fish in aquatic environments are end consumers of the food chain and are widely used for the evolution effects of environmental pollution and their interactions in aquatic ecosystem.

Objective: In the present study, common carp (Cyprinus carpio) fingerlings were selected to assess the potential risk and aquatic toxicity of meloxicam as a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory and a commonly used pharmaceutical drug.

Methods: In order to evaluate meloxicam toxicological effect on haematological, antioxidant status, enzymological and histological parameters, based on its LC50 24 h acute toxicity (10.

Effects of dietary vinegar on performance, immune response and small intestine histomorphology in 1- to 28-day broiler chickens.

The purpose of this research was to evaluate the effects of apple cider vinegar in diet on the growth performance, immune response, histomorphological changes of the small intestine and some serum biochemical factors in broilers. A total of 85 broiler chicks of Ross 308 were purchased and 64 well-conditioned chicks were selected and divided into four experimental groups with four replicates and four chicks per replicate. The diets of groups 2, 3 and 4 were mixed with 1, 2 and 3% of vinegar, respectively, and group 1 as the control group was fed by the standard diet.