The association of glycaemic risk factors and diabetes duration with risk of heart failure in people with type 2 diabetes: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Aims: To conduct a systematic review in order to better understand the association of glycaemic risk factors and diabetes duration with risk of heart failure (HF) in individuals with type 2 diabetes (T2D).

Methods: We identified longitudinal studies investigating the association of glycaemic factors (glycated haemoglobin [HbA1c], HbA1c variability, and hypoglycaemia) and diabetes duration with HF in individuals with T2D. Hazard ratios and odds ratios were extracted and meta-analysed using a random-effects model where appropriate.