Effect of amniotic membrane/collagen scaffolds on laryngeal cartilage repair.

Objectives: Laryngeal cartilage defects are a major problem that greatly impacts structural integrity and function. Cartilage repair is also a challenging issue. This study evaluated the efficacy of a collagen scaffold enveloped by amniotic membrane (AM/C) on laryngeal cartilage repair.

Transmission of high arterial pressure into renal microvessels during venous-clamping augments ischaemia/reperfusion-induced acute kidney injury in anaesthetized rats.

Aim: In two recent studies, we observed that a 30-min renal vein clamping caused formation of interstitial haemorrhagic congestion in ischaemic and ischaemic/reperfused kidney along with the development of severer acute kidney injury (AKI) than renal artery or pedicle clamping. It was suggested that the transmission of high arterial pressure into renal microvessels during vein occlusion probably causes the occurrence of interstitial haemorrhagic congestion that augments AKI. The present investigation aimed to evaluate this suggestion by reducing renal perfusion pressure (RPP) during renal venous occlusion.

Diagnosis of fast-growing thoracic aneurysm with microscopic evidence of dissection over 6 months follow-up in an asymptomatic middle aged gentleman: a case report.

Background: Thoracic aortic aneurysm (TAA), is a pathological dilatation of the aortic segment with the tendency to expand, dissect or rupture, and risk of mortality. The progression rate is mainly slow. As the risk of rupture increases with the size of the aortic diameter, it is important to diagnose TAA appropriately to prevent mortality.

Berberis integerrima hydro-alcoholic root extract and its constituent berberine protect against cisplatin-induced nephro- and hepato-toxicity.

Background: This study determined the potential hepato- and renal protective role of berberine and hydroalcohol extract of Berberis integerrima (barberry) against cisplatin-induced acute liver and kidney injury.

Methods: Animals were dedicated into six groups (n = 7 per group): control, control+Ber (berberine, 0.4 mg/kg/day during 10 days, i.

A 16-year Survey of Clinicopathological Findings, Electron Microscopy, and Classification of Renal Amyloidosis.

Background: Electron microscopy (EM) is a valuable tool in the diagnosis of renal amyloidosis, particularly in the early stages of the disease. In Iran, studies on EM and the clinical features of renal amyloidosis are scarce. The objective of the present study was to survey EM investigations, pathological classifications, and clinical features of renal amyloidosis.

Electron microscopy study of 496 cases of lupus nephritis: A single-center experience.

Introduction: Renal involvement is seen in about 40-82% of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) Asian patients. The exact diagnosis and classification of lupus nephritis are important for treatment and prognosis. This study aimed to investigate the value of electron microscopy (EM) in the diagnosis and classification of lupus nephritis compared with light microscopy.

Comparison of ischemic and ischemic/reperfused kidney injury via clamping renal artery, vein, or pedicle in anesthetized rats.

Purpose: We recently observed that 30 min of bilateral renal arterial, venous, or pedicle occlusion with 2-h reperfusion differentially induced acute kidney injury (AKI), which was suggested to be probably resulted from their directly exerting dissimilar impacts on kidney during the ischemic period. The present study was further designed to evaluate and prove this suggestion.

Methods: Anesthetized male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided in two distinct supragroups with 30-min bilateral renal ischemia alone (BI) or followed by 30-min reperfusion (BIR), which each had four different groups (n = 8) of subjecting to renal artery, vein, or pedicle clamping and also sham operation.

Protective effect of genistein in a rat model of ischemic acute kidney injury.

Background: This study determined the possible anti-inflammatory and antioxidant renal protective effect of genistein, a soy isoflavone, against kidney damage and functional disorders following renal ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) in male rats.

Materials And Methods: The animals were dedicated to five groups (n = 7 per group): Sham, Sham + Geni (genistein, 15 mg/kg in 1 ml 1% DMSO, i.p.

Amelioration of testicular damages in renal ischemia/reperfusion by berberine: An experimental study.

Background: Ischemic acute kidney injury is associated with an inflammatory reaction.

Objective: In the current study, berberine was assessed for its effect on the functional disorders and histological damages of testis induced by renal ischemia/reperfusion (I/R).

Materials And Methods: Twenty-eight adult male Wistar rats (260-300 gr) were equally divided into four groups (n = 7/each): sham and I/R groups which received distilled water as well as berberine (BBR) and BBR + I/R groups which received berberine (15 mg/kg/day) orally seven days before the surgery.

Remote Ischemic Perconditioning Modulates Apelin Expression After Renal Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury.

Background: Renal ischemia/reperfusion injury (IRI) can result in impaired ability of urine concentration and increased sodium fractional excretion. Apelin, a (neuro) vasoactive peptide, enhances diuresis by increasing the renal microcirculation and by counteracting the antidiuretic effect of arginine vasopressin on the tubules. However, changes in renal apelin expression in renal IRI rat model have not been elucidated.

Comparison of ischaemia-reperfusion-induced acute kidney injury by clamping renal arteries, veins or pedicles in anaesthetized rats.

New Findings: What is central question of this study What are the differences between a traditional renal pedicle-clamping model of acute kidney injury and models with occluded renal artery or vein alone in rats? What is main finding and its importance? During renal venous occlusion, transmission of high arterial pressure into renal capillaries is likely to have caused the rupture of their walls and the occurrence of haemorrhagic congestion that led to higher kidney tissue damage and dysfunction than with pedicle and artery clamping.

Abstract: Animal models of ischaemic acute kidney injury (AKI) are valuable tools, but their therapeutic outcomes are not usually translated to humans. Ischaemic AKI in murines is mostly induced via renal pedicle clamping, which is different from patients with AKI that is due to renal artery hypoperfusion or vein thrombosis.

The role of nitric oxide in the protective action of remote ischemic per-conditioning against ischemia/reperfusion-induced acute renal failure in rat.

Objectives: We investigated the role of nitric oxide (NO) in the protective effects of remote ischemic per-conditioning (rIPerC) on renal ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury in male rats.

Materials And Methods: I/R treatment consisted of 45 min bilateral renal artery ischemia and 24 hr reperfusion interval. rIPerC was performed using four cycles of 2 min occlusions of the left femoral artery and 3 min reperfusion at the beginning of renal ischemia.

The protective effect of hydroalcoholic extract of Ginger ( Rosc.) against iron-induced functional and histological damages in rat liver and kidney.

Objective: Iron overload in the body is related with toxic effects and threatens the health. The aim of this study was to evaluate the protective role of hydroalcoholic extract of ginger () against ferrous sulfate-induced hepatic and renal functional disorders and histological damages in rats.

Materials And Methods: The rats were divided into four groups (n=7): Sham, Sham + G.

Renal ischemia/reperfusion against nephrectomy for induction of acute lung injury in rats.

Purpose: Acute kidney injury (AKI) induces acute lung injury (ALI) through releasing injurious mediators or impairing clearance of systemic factors. To determine the links between AKI and ALI, pulmonary and blood variables were evaluated following induction of AKI via different experimental models of bilateral renal ischemia/reperfusion (BIR: renal ischemia with uremia), unilateral renal ischemia/reperfusion (UIR: renal ischemia without uremia), bilateral nephrectomy (BNX: uremia without renal ischemia), and unilateral nephrectomy (UNX: without uremia and renal ischemia).

Methods: Ninety male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into six groups.

A1 -Adenosine receptor activation has biphasic roles in development of acute kidney injury at 4 and 24 h of reperfusion following ischaemia in rats.

What is the central question of this study? A1 -Adenosine receptor (A1 AR) blockade before renal ischaemia aggravated kidney injury after 24 h reperfusion in several studies, whereas we previously observed a renoprotective effect of A1 AR blockade during a 4 h reperfusion period. What are the underlying mechanisms for this biphasic effect of pretreatment with an A1 AR antagonist at 4 and 24 h reperfusion? What is main finding and its importance? A1 -Adenosine receptor blockade protects the kidney against ischaemia-induced injury during the early hours of reperfusion by attenuating the reduction in renal blood flow and lowering energy expenditure, whereas its inflammatory effects gradually dominate over 24 h reperfusion to intensify kidney injury. We previously reported that selective blockade of the A1 -adenosine receptor (A1 AR) with an antagonist, 8-cyclopentyl-1,3-dipropylxanthine (DPCPX), had protective effects on renal ischaemia-induced structural and functional disruption during a 4 h reperfusion period.

Morphologic changes of corneal epithelial flap: ethanol-mediated versus mechanical removal.

Purpose: To evaluate morphologic changes in human corneal epithelial flap removed mechanically or after ethanol application.

Method: Epithelial corneal flap was removed after ethanol application (20 eyes) or mechanically (19 eyes). Any changes were studied by transmission electron microscopy.

Accuracy of intra-operative frozen section consultation in south of Iran during four years.

Background: Accuracy of intraoperative frozen section diagnosis is an important part of quality control in surgical pathology. In this study we try to evaluate the frozen section diagnosis in our center, a referral center in southern Iran.

Materials And Methods: During the four-year-period of study, all the frozen sections in the affiliated hospitals of Shiraz University of Medical Sciences were evaluated.