Prevalence of Human Papillomavirus (HPV) Genotypes among Women During 2015-2020 in Mashhad, Iran.

Background: Cervical cancer is the fourth most common cancer in women, and human papillomavirus (HPV) is the leading cause of cervical cancer. Cervical cancer screening and HPV vaccination are important in the incidence of cervical cancer.

Methods: This study was performed on Liquid Base Cytology (LBC) samples of 1214 women in Mashhad who were referred for cervical cancer screening in 2015-2020.

Introduction of a Newcastle disease virus challenge strain (sub-genotype VII.1.1) isolated in Iran.

Newcastle disease virus (NDV) sub-genotype VII.1.1 is the most common circulating NDV in Iran.

First detection and characterisation of sub-genotype XIII.2.1 Newcastle disease virus isolated from backyard chickens in Iran.

Background: Newcastle disease (ND) is an economically significant poultry disease worldwide. During field surveillance for ND in 2010 in Iran, a backyard chicken flock showed clinical signs of ND with 100% mortality.

Objectives: We aimed to characterise genetically, biologically and epidemiologically an exotic virulent ND virus (NDV) detected in Iran.

Expression of endogenous retroviruses in pre-implantation stages of bovine embryo.

Endogenous retroviruses (ERVs) are involved in cellular proliferation, pluripotency, tissue-specific remodelling and regulation of developmental processes. These elements are transcriptionally active in mouse and human pre-implantation embryos. Empirical evidence indicates that regulatory networks involved with ERV transcripts are responsible for pluripotency and totipotency at certain stages of mouse and human pre-implantation development.

Employing XIAP to enhance the duration of antigen expression and immunity against an avian influenza H5 DNA vaccine.

DNA vaccine represents a powerful approach for prevention of avian H5N1 influenza infection. Yet, DNA vaccine-induced immune responses might be limited by the short duration of antigen expression. As a strategy to enhance adaptive immune responses elicited by a hemagglutinin 5 (H5) DNA vaccine, we explored the effect of co-administration of a DNA encoding X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis protein (XIAP) as a modulator of apoptosis and a stimulator of inflammatory signaling.

Prevalence of bovine leukemia virus (BLV) infection in the northeast of Iran.

The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence of bovine leukemia virus (BLV) in Khorasan Razavi and Khorasan Shomali provinces which are the main provinces located in the northeast of Iran. Total number of 429 blood samples were collected from industrial dairy herds. The samples were categorized based on province, age (2-3, 4-6, and 7-10 years old), calving (≤ 2, 3-5, and > 5) and herd size (≤ 100, 101-250, and > 250) and examined by indirect ELISA.