The Outcomes of Cochlear Implantation in Patients with Solid Organ Transplant.

Introduction: As far as it is known, long-lasting immunosuppressive therapy might put patients with solid organ transplantation (SOT) at increased risk for severe to profound sensorineural hearing loss, eventually leading to cochlear implantation (C.I). So, the main aim of the present study is to evaluate their auditory perception performance after cochlear implantation.

Investigation of the Association Between ITPA Gene 94C>A Sequence Variant and Kidney Transplant Rejection in Iranian Kidney Transplant Recipients.

Objectives: Thiopurine prodrugs are commonly used in kidney transplant recipients. Inosine triphosphate pyrophosphatase is an enzyme encoded by the ITPA gene. Alteration of ITPA gene is one of the pharmacogenetic sequence variants possibly involved in thiopurine metabolism.

Angiotensin receptor blockers might be protective against hepatic steatosis after liver transplantation.

Background: Hepatic steatosis is an increasing complication in liver transplant recipients. Currently, there is no pharmacologic therapy for treatment of hepatic steatosis after liver transplantation. The aim of this study was to determine the association between use of angiotensin receptor blockers (ARB) and hepatic steatosis in liver transplant recipients.

COVID-19 versus applied infection control policies in a Major Transplant Center in Iran.

Background: Since Shiraz Transplant Center is one of the major transplant centers in Iran and the Middle East, this study was conducted to evaluate outcomes of the applied policies on COVID-19 detection and management.

Methods: During 4 months from March to June 2020, patient's data diagnosed with the impression of COVID-19 were extracted and evaluated based on demographic and clinical features, along with the length of hospital stay and expenses.

Results: Our data demonstrated that a total of 190 individuals, with a median age of 58, were diagnosed with COVID-19 during the mentioned period.

Investigation of the Association Between the ITPA Gene 94C>A Gene Sequence Variant and Liver Transplant Rejection in Iranian Liver Transplant Recipients.

Objectives: Inosine triphosphate pyrophosphatase is an enzyme encoded by the ITPA gene and functions to prevent the incorporation of thiopurine nucleotides into DNA and RNA. Thiopurine drug metabolites such as azathioprine and 6-mercaptopurine have been included in the lists of inosine triphosphate pyrophosphatase substrates. Inosine triphosphatase gene alterations are other pharmacogenetic sequence variants possibly involved in thiopurine metabolism.

Predictors of Death in the Liver Transplantation Adult Candidates: An Artificial Neural Networks and Support Vector Machine Hybrid-Based Cohort Study.

Background: Model for end-stage liver disease (MELD) is currently used for liver transplantation (LT) allocation, however, it is not a sufficient criterion.

Objective: This current study aims to perform a hybrid neural network analysis of different data, make a decision tree and finally design a decision support system for improving LT prioritization.

Material And Methods: In this cohort follow-up-based study, baseline characteristics of 1947 adult patients, who were candidates for LT in Shiraz Organ Transplant Center, Iran, were assessed and followed for two years and those who died before LT due to the end-stage liver disease were considered as dead cases, while others considered as alive cases.

Early Liver Transplant In Patients With Liver Cirrhosis Recovered From COVID-19 Infection.

Objectives: Coronavirus disease 2019 has resulted in significant morbidities and mortalities in nearly all parts ofthe world. There remain major concerns about management, timing, and safety of liver transplant in patients who have recovered from COVID-19. We aimed to study the clinical course and outcomes of patients with liver cirrhosis who recovered from COVID-19 and underwent liver transplant from deceased donors.

Metabolic syndrome, hepatic fibrosis, and steatosis diagnosed by liver stiffness measurement and controlled attenuation parameter after liver transplantation: the impact on long-term survival.

Background: Liver stiffness measurement (LSM) and controlled attenuation parameter (CAP) are used for diagnosis of liver fibrosis and steatosis. This study aimed to noninvasively evaluate hepatic steatosis and fibrosis in liver transplant recipients using CAP and LSM and the impact on survival of patients.

Methods: In a prospective study, adult liver transplant recipients were included.

Precore/core mutations of hepatitis B virus genotype D arising in different states of infection.

Aim Of The Study: Precore/core variations and liver disease progression have been suggested. In this study, we aimed to determine the frequency of precore/core mutations in hepatitis B virus (HBV)-infected patients at various clinical stages.

Material And Methods: In total, 73 HBV-infected patients including 26 inactive carriers (IC), 20 chronic active (CA), and 27 patients with liver cirrhosis/hepatocellular carcinoma (C/HCC) were randomly selected.

Variations in TM6SF2, PCSK9 and PCSK7 genes and risk of hepatic steatosis after liver transplantation: a cross-sectional study.

Background: Genetic abnormalities might have important role in pathogenesis of hepatic steatosis after liver transplantation. We aimed to investigate association between genetic variations in transmembrane 6 superfamily member 2 (TM6SF2) rs58542926, proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) rs505151 and proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 7 (PCSK7) rs2277287 with hepatic steatosis in liver transplant recipients.

Methods: In a cross-sectional study, adult (> 18 years) liver transplant recipients who were referred for their routine post-transplant follow-up between June 2018 and September 2018 were included in the study.

Long-term outcome after living donor liver transplantation compared to donation after brain death in autoimmune liver diseases: Experience from the European Liver Transplant Registry.

Knowledge of living donor liver transplantation (LDLT) for autoimmune liver diseases (AILDs) is scarce. This study analyzed survival in LDLT recipients registered in the European Liver Transplant Registry with autoimmune hepatitis, primary biliary cholangitis, primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC) and the non-autoimmune disorder alcohol-related cirrhosis. In total, 29 902 individuals enrolled between 1998 and 2017 were analyzed, including 1003 with LDLT.

Noninvasive Estimation of Hepatic Steatosis by Controlled Attenuation Parameter in Living Donor Liver Transplant.

Objectives: Estimation of liver fat among living donor candidates is necessary before living donor liver transplant. This study aimed to investigate the usefulness of the controlled attenuation parameter compared with liver biopsy for pretransplant estimation of hepatic steatosis in living liver donors.

Materials And Methods: In this retrospective study, we included all individuals who underwent transient elastography with controlled attenuation parameter and ultrasonography-guided liver biopsy as a part of donor evaluations before living donor liver transplant.

An Investigation of the Association Between Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor +405 G/C Polymorphism and Acute Liver Transplant Rejection in Iranian Liver Transplant Recipients.

Objectives: Vascular endothelial growth factor is an endothelial-specific growth factor that promotes endothelial cell proliferation, differentiation, and survival; mediates endothelium-dependent vasodilatation; induces microvascular hyperpermeability; and participates in interstitial matrix remodeling. The aim of the present study was to investigate the association between +405 G/C polymorphism of vascular endothelial growth factor and the risk of liver rejection in liver transplant recipients.

Materials And Methods: The present study included 124 patients with liver disease that led to liver transplant.

Post liver transplant complications of Budd-Chiari syndrome.

Background/purpose: Budd-Chiari syndrome (BCS) is a rare, life-threatening disease characterized by hepatic venous outflow obstruction. Liver transplantation (LT) is widely accepted as an effective therapeutic measure for irreversible liver failure due to BCS. There is debate on differences in the post LT course and complications in patients with BCS as compared to non-Budd-Chiari (NBC) patients.

Hepatitis E Virus Seroprevalence Among Liver Transplant Recipients with Persistent Elevation of Liver Enzymes: A Single Center Report.

Background: Chronic hepatitis E infection has been reported in solid organ transplant recipients following acute hepatitis due to the compromised immune status. Almost all reports are from areas where hepatitis E virus (HEV) genotypes 3 and 4 are the dominant genotypes. This study was conducted to investigate the role of hepatitis E infection as an etiology for liver enzymes elevation in liver transplant recipients from the largest liver transplant program in Iran.

Diagnosis of Latent Tuberculosis in Liver Transplant Candidates, a Single Center Experience.

Background: Tuberculosis is an important cause of mortality and morbidity in liver transplant patients, so it is valuable to diagnose latent tuberculosis in liver transplant candidates by an accurate screening test prior to transplantation. Tuberculin skin test (TST) is the standard test for the diagnosis of latent tuberculosis. Currently interferon-gamma release assays (QuantiFERON-TB Gold (QFT)) have been proposed as the best screening test, especially in the geographic areas with widespread BCG vaccination.

Pure Uterine Lipoma and Focal Nodular Hyperplasia of the Liver: Concurrence of a Rare Tumor and Another Incidental Finding.

Background: Fatty uterine tumors, especially pure uterine lipoma, are very rare, but clinically and radiologically, they can mimic other primary benign and malignant uterine neoplasms. . A multipara 61-year-old postmenopausal woman presented with abnormal vaginal bleeding for 3 months.

COVID-19 in Liver Transplant Patients: Report of 2 Cases and Review of the Literature.

Coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) is caused by a novel coronavirus. Although liver injury is common in patients with COVID-19, little is known about its clinical presentation and management in liver transplantation. This is the first report from Iran that presented two cases of liver transplantation with COVID-19, neither of which had pulmonary signs and symptoms, but after diagnostic imaging, both had lung involvement.

Hepatic steatosis and liver fat contents in liver transplant recipients are associated with serum adipokines and insulin resistance.

Our data about pathogenesis of hepatic steatosis after liver transplantation is scarce. This study aimed to investigate the association between serum adipokines and insulin resistance with hepatic steatosis in liver transplant recipients. We investigated the association between insulin resistance, serum adiponectin, insulin, and leptin with hepatic steatosis in a cohort of liver transplant recipients.

Bacterial infections in the early period after liver transplantation in adults: A prospective single-center cohort study.

Liver transplantation (LT) is a potentially curative treatment for terminal stage hepatic diseases. Bacterial infections are the main causes of mortality and morbidity in the early period after LT. Identifying the risk factors could help in minimizing their development.

Longterm Survival After Liver Transplantation for Autoimmune Hepatitis: Results From the European Liver Transplant Registry.

The aim of this study was to analyze longterm patient and graft survival after liver transplantation for autoimmune hepatitis (AIH-LT) from the prospective multicenter European Liver Transplant Registry. Patient and liver graft survival between 1998 and 2017 were analyzed. Patients after AIH-LT (n = 2515) were compared with patients receiving LT for primary biliary cholangitis (PBC-LT; n = 3733), primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC-LT; n = 5155), and alcohol-related cirrhosis (AC-LT; n = 19,567).