Safety and efficacy of melatonin, clonazepam, and trazodone in patients with Parkinson's disease and sleep disorders: a randomized, double-blind trial.

Background: Sleep disturbances are common non-motor symptoms of Parkinson's disease (PD). We aimed to compare the safety and efficacy of trazodone with melatonin and clonazepam in patients with PD and sleep complaints.

Methods: This single-center, double-blind, randomized clinical trial was conducted on PD patients with subjective sleep complaints.

Ammonia removal from industrial effluent using zirconium oxide and graphene-oxide nanocomposites.

The present study developed and evaluated nano-adsorbents based on zirconium oxide and graphene oxide (ZrO/GO) as a novel adsorbent for the efficient removal of ammonia from industrial effluents. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscope, Energy-dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy, and X-ray diffraction were used to evaluate and identify the novel adsorbent in terms of morphology, crystallography, and chemical composition. The pH (7), adsorbent quantities (20 mg), adsorbent contact time (30 min) with the sample, and initial ammonia concentration were all tuned for ammonia uptake.

A rare case of coexistence of Wegener's granulomatosis and pulmonary tuberculosis with subsequent development of thrombosis of the cerebral veins.

Background: Granulomatosis with polyangiitis (GPA), also known as Wegener's granulomatosis, is an idiopathic systemic disease typically affecting the lungs, although other organs may also be involved.

Case Presentation: A 28-year-old male was admitted to Baqiyatallah university hospital in Teheran (Iran) after a 3-week history of fever and productive cough. The patient gradually developed fatigue, arthralgia, hematuria, nausea, vomiting, dyspnea, hemoptysis, weight loss, oliguria and then anuria.

Investigating the possible association between NLRP3 gene polymorphisms and myasthenia gravis.

Introduction: In this case-control study, we investigated the association between nucleotide oligomerization domain-like receptor family pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3) single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) rs10754558, rs3806265, rs4612666, and rs35829419 and myasthenia gravis (MG).

Methods: Samples from MG patients were selected from a previous study conducted in our neuromuscular clinic, which investigated the association between human leukocyte antigen (HLA) class II genes and MG. Genetic data of controls were also available from another study.

The safety and efficacy of transcranial direct current stimulation as add-on therapy to fluoxetine in obsessive-compulsive disorder: a randomized, double-blind, sham-controlled, clinical trial.

Background: Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is an anxiety disorder that causes impairment in daily activities. This study aimed to assess the safety and efficacy of transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) as adjunctive therapy with fluoxetine in individuals diagnosed with moderate to severe OCD.

Methods: This is a randomized, double-blind sham-controlled trial.

Safety and efficacy of memantine for multiple sclerosis-related fatigue: A pilot randomized, double-blind placebo-controlled trial.

Background: Fatigue is one of the most common symptoms in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS). Currently, there is no approved medication for MS-related fatigue.

Objective: In this study, we aim to evaluate the safety and efficacy of memantine for improving fatigue in patients with MS.

Demographic, clinical, and virological characteristics of patients with a laboratory-confirmed diagnosis of influenza during three consecutive seasons, 2015/2016-2017/18, in the Islamic Republic of Iran.

Background: There are minimal data on the differences in demographics, clinical presentations and outcomes for patients with different types and sub-types of influenza in the Middle East.

Objectives: To use population-based data from Iran to investigate factors associated with unfavorable disease outcome.

Study Design: Clinical data were compiled from the Iranian Ministry of Health for patients of all ages who fulfilled the severe acute respiratory infections (SARI) definition according to World Health Organization criteriatested for any reason and found to have and had laboratory proven influenza September 21, 2015 through March 20, 2018.

Poly (n-butyl cyanoacrylate) as a nanocarrier for rivastigmine transport across the blood-brain barrier in Alzheimer's disease treatment: a perspective from molecular dynamics simulations.

In this study, molecular dynamics simulations have been used to investigate the behavior of the drug rivastigmine and its carrier so-called poly (n-butyl cyanoacrylate) in the encapsulation process. Polymer modeling, and subsequently the emulsion polymerization model, were applied to analyze drug release in vitro and to justify rivastigmine transport across the blood-brain barrier (BBB) and polymer agglomeration. On the other hand, suitable polymer chain length, encapsulation method, polarity between polymer and drug structure, and finally, pattern of drug released in vitro and in vivo have been investigated to analyze the behavior of drug and polymer accurately.