Accuracy of radiological features for predicting extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy success for treatment of kidney calculi.

Introduction: Our aim was to assess the accuracy of radiological characteristics observed by the urologist in estimating the success rate of extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (SWL) in patients with kidney calculi.

Materials And Methods: Patients with kidney calculi sized 10 mm to 15 mm who underwent SWL in our center were enrolled. One urologist estimated the success chance of SWL based on plain abdominal radiography.

Cytokine single nucleotide polymorphisms in Iranian populations.

Cytokines are important immunomodulatory molecules involved in immune responses against microorganisms; they also have an important role in the setting of immune system disorders. Cytokine single nucleotide polymorphisms have been extensively studied in different, normal populations as well as in association with disease. Cytokine gene polymorphisms are potentially important as genetic predictors of disease susceptibility, clinical outcome, and as a tool for anthropological studies.