Interventional pulmonary procedures and their outcomes in patients with STAT3 hyper IgE syndrome.

Background: STAT3 hyperimmunoglobulin E syndrome (STAT3-HIES) also referred to as autosomal dominant HIES (AD-HIES) is an inborn error of immunity characterized by the classic triad of eczema, frequent opportunistic infections, and elevated serum IgE levels. As a consequence of lung sequels due to repeated infections and impaired tissue healing, patients may require interventional pulmonary procedures.

Method: Four patients with dominant-negative STAT3 mutations who had received interventional pulmonary procedures were enrolled.

Uncommon Complications of Lung Transplantation in a Referral Center.

Background: Many efforts were made to determine the uncommon clinical complications after lung transplantation and treatment options to tackle them; however, many of these rare complications have not been mentioned in recent publications. Evaluating and recording adverse effects after organ transplantation can significantly prevent post-transplant mortality. This study aimed to examine rejection factors by examining individuals undergoing lung transplantation surgery.

Post-intubation tracheal stenosis in pediatric age group: single-center experiences of 24 years.

Background And Aim: Post-intubation tracheal stenosis (PITS) is an iatrogenic injury that involves some patients. Given the importance of this issue and the referral of a significant number of children with tracheal stenosis to Masih Daneshvari Hospital in Tehran, Iran, the present study investigated tracheal stenosis following prolonged intubation in the pediatric age group.

Methods: In this observational retrospective study, from 1994 to 2018, the medical records of all children under 14 years of age with a history of PITS were reviewed.

Postintubation Multisegmental Tracheal Stenosis: A 24-Year Experience.

Background: Management of multisegmental tracheal stenosis is challenging. In this 24-year longitudinal single-center study, we present an algorithmic treatment approach.

Methods: A retrospective analysis of 2167 patients with postintubation tracheal stenosis indicated 83 (3.

Necrotizing Sarcoid Granulomatosis with Pneumothorax.

Necrotizing sarcoid granulomatosis (NSG) is a rare granulomatous pneumonitis which is composed of a background of sarcoidosis-like granulomas, granulomatous vasculitis, and variable amount of necrosis. We reported a case of a 38-year-old nonsmoking woman presented with left-sided chest pain and dyspnea for three days. Chest CT scan exhibited collapse consolidation of the left lower lobe with the presence of two separated small-sized cystic lesions within the collapsed segment.

Toothpick Aspiration Induces Massive Hemoptysis: a Case Report.

Background: Massive hemoptysis refers to bleeding from the sputum exceeding 100 ml/day. This condition is known to have a poor prognosis. Although foreign body aspiration is not as common as other risk factors, it may result in massive hemoptysis.

Technical Details of Surgical Treatment of a Severely Displaced Sternal Fracture.

Unlabelled: Sternal fracture is an uncommon injury, which is managed conservatively in most patients. In case of failure of non-surgical management or severely displaced fractures, open reduction and internal fixation should be considered. In this case report, we present the technical details of open reduction and internal fixation for a severely displaced sternal fracture in a bicyclist.

Treatment of Esophageal Perforation with Primary Closure and Reinforcement Using TachoSil.

Two patients with iatrogenic esophageal perforation following rigid esophagoscopy for foreign body removal were successfully treated with primary repair and reinforcement using a collagen patch coated with human fibrinogen and thrombin (TachoSil, Nycomed, Austria, Vienna). The clinical implication of this report is that TachoSil can be used to bolster the repair site of esophageal perforation.

Colopharyngoplasty in Patients with Severe Pharyngoesophageal Corrosive Injury: A Complicated but Worthwhile Procedure to Restore GI Tract Continuity, A Case Series.

Background: Pharyngoesophageal strictures (PES) after corrosive injury impose a problematic condition for both physicians and patients in terms of their management and patients' quality of life. Colopharyngoplasty is a complex procedure, which is used to restore swallowing in these severely disabled patients. We describe our experience in treating nine patients with severe PES after corrosive injuries in a referral center.

The Role of Systemic Steroids in Postintubation Tracheal Stenosis: A Randomized Clinical Trial.

Background: Most patients with postintubation tracheal stenosis are not ideal candidates for airway resection at presentation and their airways must be temporarily kept open by repeated bronchoscopic dilation (RBD). Meanwhile, some sufficiently recover by RBD without further airway resection requirement. We hypothesized whether systemic corticosteroids could lengthen RBD intervals, decrease the number of patients who eventually need airway resection, and shorten the required length of airway resection.

An unusual salvage technique for posterior tracheal membranous laceration associated with transhiatal esophagectomy: A transcervical-transsternal approach.

Various surgical approaches may be employed for esophageal resection. Major airway injuries due to transhiatal esophagectomy include vertical tears in the membranous trachea. Tracheal injury is an uncommon but potentially fatal complication.

Different and Unpredictable Clinical Outcome of Ruptured Pulmonary Hydatid Cysts.

Most authors believe that the best treatment for pulmonary hydatid disease is surgical evacuation. Although albendazole has been used prophylactically before surgery, there are many reports about increased incidence of the rupture of cyst after albendazole therapy, which can cause some complications. In this case report we present a patient with bilateral pulmonary hydatid cyst that was ruptured after using albendazole and different strategies were used for management of each cyst.

Massive hemoptysis, a presentation of invasion of aneurysm of descending aorta to bronchopulmonary tree.

Aortobronchial (AB) fistula is a rare disease, which is presented with massive hemoptysis; lethal if not treated. It should be suspected in any patient who presents with massive hemoptysis and had previous thoracic aortic surgery, but even it may be seen in patients without any history of operation on the thoracic aorta. Although, today in many centers endovascular therapy is done for these patients, but it is not the standard approach.

The role of T-tubes in the management of airway stenosis.

Objectives: When the T-tube is inserted as a temporary stent, it is unclear whether keeping it longer in place has any benefit on the outcome.

Methods: Among 1738 patients with airway stenosis (1996-2011), 134 underwent T-tube placement (mean duration = 14.3 months); temporarily while waiting for an appropriate time for surgery in 53 (Group 1), as an adjunct after a complex laryngotracheal resection in 27 (Group 2), after surgical failure in 43 (Group 3) and permanently in 11 unresectable strictures (Group 4).

A successful third resection-anastomosis in a tracheal restenosis.

Reoperation due to recurrence after tracheal resection and reconstruction still seems challenging. Although recurrence may lead to serious morbidity, an appropriate surgical technique plays a significant role in the cure of these patients. We report our experience of a patient who successfully underwent a third resection and anastomosis of the trachea.

A proposed grading system for post-intubation tracheal stenosis.

Background: Tracheal stenosis is still a serious consequence of endotracheal intubation. Previous classification systems are commonly descriptive and are not intended to deal with management approach. The aim of this study was to present a classification system for post intubation tracheal stenosis and evaluate its efficacy in distinguishing critically ill patients who need surgical intervention.