Predictive accuracy of machine learning models for conservative treatment failure in thoracolumbar burst fractures.

Background: The management of patients with thoracolumbar burst fractures remains a topic of debate, with conservative treatment being successful in most cases but not all. This study aimed to assess the utility of machine learning models (MLMs) in predicting the need for surgery in patients with these fractures who do not respond to conservative management.

Methods: A retrospective analysis of 357 patients with traumatic thoracolumbar burst fractures treated conservatively between January 2017 and October 2023 was conducted.

Can magnetic resonance imaging findings effectively diagnose the instability observed on radiographs in patients with degenerative lumbar spinal stenosis?

Background: Degenerative lumbar spinal stenosis (LSS) is a common condition that involves the narrowing of the spinal canal. Diagnosing instability traditionally requires standing lateral radiographs to detect dynamic translation, but there is debate about relying solely on radiographs due to challenges like patient discomfort and radiation exposure. This study aimed to evaluate if Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) findings could effectively diagnose instability observed on radiographs.

Red cell distribution width to lymphocyte ratio could serve as a new inflammatory biomarker for predicting hematoma expansion in patients with intracerebral hemorrhage.

Background: Hematoma expansion is a critical factor associated with increased mortality and adverse outcomes in patients with intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH). Identifying and preventing hematoma expansion early on is crucial for effective therapeutic intervention. This study aimed to investigate the potential association between the Red cell distribution width to lymphocyte ratio (RDWLR) and hematoma expansion in ICH patients.

The efficacy of machine learning models in forecasting treatment failure in thoracolumbar burst fractures treated with short-segment posterior spinal fixation.

Background: Although short-segment posterior spinal fixation (SSPSF) has shown promising clinical outcomes in thoracolumbar burst fractures, the treatment may be prone to a relatively high failure rate. This study aimed to assess the effectiveness of machine learning models (MLMs) in predicting factors associated with treatment failure in thoracolumbar burst fractures treated with SSPSF.

Methods: A retrospective review of 332 consecutive patients with traumatic thoracolumbar burst fractures who underwent SSPSF at our institution between May 2016 and May 2023 was conducted.

Are there any benefits for post-operative splinting after carpal tunnel release? A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: There is a controversy on the effectiveness of post-operating splinting in patients with carpal tunnel release (CTR) surgery. This study aimed to systematically evaluate various outcomes regarding the effectiveness of post-operating splinting in CTR surgery.

Methods: Multiple databases, including PubMed, EMBASE, CINAHL, Web of Science, and Cochrane, were searched for terms related to carpal tunnel syndrome.

Analysis of factors associated with the failure of treatment in thoracolumbar burst fractures treated with short-segment posterior spinal fixation.

Background: The treatment of thoracolumbar burst fractures continues to pose challenges. Although short-segment posterior spinal fixation (SSPSF) has shown satisfactory clinical outcomes, it is accompanied by a relatively high rate of treatment failure. This study aimed to assess factors associated with treatment failure in thoracolumbar burst fractures treated with SSPSF.

High prognostic nutritional index could be associated with improved survival in patients with brain metastases: a retrospective observational study.

Background: Prognostic nutritional index (PNI) is an indicator of immunonutritional status. The present study aimed to evaluate the association between PNI and overall survival in patients with brain metastases.

Methods: A total of 257 patients with histologically confirmed brain metastasis who underwent surgery at our center between April 2011 and April 2021 were investigated retrospectively.

Evaluation of clinical outcomes, complication rate, feasibility, and applicability of transfacet pedicle-sparing approach in thoracic disc herniation: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the clinical outcomes, complication rate, feasibility, and applicability of transfacet pedicle-sparing approach for treating thoracic disc herniation.

Methods: We searched three databases including the Cochrane Library, PubMed, and Embase for eligible studies until Dec 2022. The quality of studies and their risk of bias were assessed using the methodological index for non-randomized studies.

Pediatric Medulloblastoma: Prognostic Value of Preoperative Blood Cell Ratios.

The prognostic significance of preoperative neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR), lymphocyte to monocyte ratio (LMR), and platelet to lymphocyte ratio (PLR) have been demonstrated in various tumors. This study aimed to evaluate the prognostic role of these ratios in pediatric medulloblastoma. Forty-three pediatric patients with medulloblastoma were evaluated, retrospectively.

The effect of repeated flexion-based exercises versus extension-based exercises on the clinical outcomes of patients with lumbar disk herniation surgery: a randomized clinical trial.

Background: Valuable impact of postoperative exercises on the clinical outcomes of patients with lumbar discectomy has been demonstrated. However, there is a lack of consensus on the best kind of postoperative exercises. This study aimed to evaluate the impact of the early postoperative flexion-based and extension-based exercises on the clinical outcomes of patients with lumbar discectomy.

The association between menopausal status and clinical outcomes of female patients with carpal tunnel release: a retrospective observational study.

Background: The relationship between menopausal status and clinical outcomes of female patients with carpal tunnel release (CTR) has been not clearly investigated. This study aimed to evaluate the clinical outcomes of CTR among women with different menopausal statuses.

Methods: Two hundred-eighteen consecutive female patients with carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) who underwent surgery at our hospital between May 2016 and May 2020 were included in this study.

Baseline neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio can be associated with hematoma expansion in patients with intracerebral hemorrhage: a retrospective observational study.

Background: Hematoma expansion can be related to increased mortality and poor clinical outcomes in patients with intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH). So, early identification and prevention of hematoma expansion can be considered as an important therapeutic aim. This study aimed to evaluate the hypothesis that the neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR) is associated with hematoma expansion in ICH patients.

Radiopathologic predictors of recurrence in patients with a gross totally resected atypical meningioma.

Background: Atypical meningiomas (AM) comprise a heterogeneous conglomeration of meningiomas with higher local recurrence rates than their benign counterparts. Although adjuvant therapy following subtotal resection is the standard, the use of adjuvant therapy following gross total resection (GTR) remains controversial. This study seeks to add to the literature by identifying radiopathologic predictors of recurrence in patients with a GTR AM and better identify those patients who may benefit from adjuvant therapy.

The significant impact of Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) on in-hospital mortality of elderly patients with moderate to severe traumatic brain injury: A retrospective observational study.

Background: Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is one of the main causes of death and disability among the elderly patient population. This study aimed to assess the predictors of in-hospital mortality of elderly patients with moderate to severe TBI who presented during the Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic.

Methods: In this retrospective analytical study, all elderly patients with moderate to severe TBI who were referred to our center between March 2nd, 2020 to August 1st, 2020 were investigated and compared against the TBI patients receiving treatment during the same time period within the year 2019.

Dynamics of neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio can be associated with clinical outcomes of children with moderate to severe traumatic brain injury: A retrospective observational study.

Background: The neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR) has been reported to be associated with clinical outcomes of patients with severe traumatic brain injury (TBI). This study aimed to evaluate the correlation between the dynamics of NLR and clinical outcomes of pediatric patients with moderate to severe TBI.

Methods: We retrospectively evaluated the clinical data of a total of 374 pediatric patients with moder-ate to severe TBI who were treated in our department between May 2016 and May 2020.

Predictors of poor clinical outcome in patients with cervical spondylotic myelopathy undergoing cervical laminectomy and fusion.

Background: Cervical spondylotic myelopathy (CSM) is a common degenerative disease that arises from spinal cord compression and injury. Laminectomy with posterior spinal fusion (LPSF) is one of the most common approaches used to treat patients with CSM. The present study aimed to evaluate predictors of poor clinical outcome in patients with CSM undergoing LPSF.

The impact of coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) on neurosurgical practice and training: a review article.

The 2019 coronavirus pandemic (COVID-19) has affected all of society at different levels. Similarly, COVID-19 has significantly impacted every medical field, including neurosurgery. By exposing scarcities in the healthcare industry and requiring the reallocation of available resources towards the priority setting and away from elective surgeries and outpatient visits, the pandemic posed new, unprecedented challenges to the medical community.

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) can predispose young to Intracerebral hemorrhage: a retrospective observational study.

Background: The respiratory system involvement is the most common presentation of Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). However, other organs including the central nervous system (CNS) could be affected by the virus. Strokes, seizures, change in mental status, and encephalitis have been reported as the neurological manifestation of the disease.

Predictors of the failure of conservative treatment in patients with a thoracolumbar burst fracture.

Background: There is a controversy about the management of patients with a thoracolumbar burst fracture. Despite the success of the conservative treatment in most of the cases, some patients failed the conservative treatment. The present study aimed to evaluate risk factors for the need for surgery during the follow-up period in these patients.

The impact of extended adjuvant temozolomide in newly diagnosed glioblastoma multiforme: a meta-analysis and systematic review.

Surgical resection followed by concurrent radiation therapy and temozolomide (TMZ) chemotherapy is the current standard treatment for glioblastoma multiforme (GBM). The present metaanalysis investigated the impact of prolonged TMZ maintenance therapy (more than 6 cycles) in comparison with standard TMZ maintenance therapy (exactly six cycles) on overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) of patients with GBM. A meta-analysis of the literature was conducted using Medline, PubMed, EMBASE and the Cochrane Library in accordance with PRISMA guidelines.

Carpal tunnel surgery: predictors of clinical outcomes and patients' satisfaction.

Background: Carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) is the most common peripheral neuropathy. Moreover, carpal tunnel release (CTR) surgery generally has excellent results. The present study aimed to investigate the predictors of clinical outcomes and satisfaction in patients with CTR.