Anti-Proliferative Activity of Poloxamer Cobalt Ferrite Nanoparticles against Human Prostate Cancer (DU-145) Cells: In-Vitro Study.

Prostate cancer is the second most frequent type of cancer death in men. This study refers to the novel hyperthermia application of poloxamer-coated cobalt ferrite as a new approach for thermal eradication of DU-145 human prostate cancerous cells under a radio frequency magnetic field (RF-MF). The hydrothermal method was applied for the synthesis of cobalt ferrite nanoparticles.

An Update on the Role of mpMRI and Ga-PSMA PET Imaging in Primary and Recurrent Prostate Cancer.

The objective of this work was to review comparisons of the efficacy of Ga-PSMA-11 (prostate-specific membrane antigen) PET/CT and multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging (mpMRI) in the detection of prostate cancer among patients undergoing initial staging prior to radical prostatectomy or experiencing recurrent prostate cancer, based on histopathological data. A comprehensive search was conducted in PubMed and Web of Science, and relevant articles were analyzed with various parameters, including year of publication, study design, patient count, age, PSA (prostate-specific antigen) value, Gleason score, standardized uptake value (SUV), detection rate, treatment history, sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), negative predictive value (NPV), and PI-RADS (prostate imaging reporting and data system) scores. Only studies directly comparing PSMA-PET and mpMRI were considered, while those examining combined accuracy or focusing on either modality alone were excluded.

Estimating the skin dose near to the applicator and acute toxicity in breast cancer patients: An intraoperative electron radiotherapy technique.

Introduction: Intraoperative electron radiation therapy (IOERT) is one of the most recently popular therapeutic methods for breast cancer. This study aimed to measure the skin dose near the applicator during IOERT of breast cancer patients, as well as, the incidence of acute toxicity after surgery.

Materials And Methods: Thirty-six female patients participated in the current study with the prescribed dose of 21 and 12 Gy for IOERT as full and boost, respectively.

An inter-comparison between accuracy of EGSnrc and MCNPX Monte Carlo codes in dosimetric characterization of intraoperative electron beam.

Background: Ionometric dosimetry in IOERT is a complicated process, due to the sophisticated beam setup and the necessity for dedicated protocols for ion chamber response correction. On the other hand, the Monte Carlo (MC) technique can easily overcome such limitations and be considered as an alternative dosimetry approach. This paper presents a comparative analysis of two widely used MC codes, EGSnrc and MCNPX, for intraoperative electron beam dosimetry.

Comparing the performance of some dedicated radioprotection disks in breast intraoperative electron radiotherapy: a Monte Carlo study.

Radiation-shielding of healthy tissue is mandatory in breast intraoperative electron radiotherapy (IOERT). In this regard, dedicated radioprotection disks have been introduced. The aim of this study was to evaluate and compare the performance of three radioprotection disks widely used for breast IOERT.

Monte Carlo-based determination of radiation leakage dose around a dedicated IOERT accelerator.

Evaluating the stray radiation around medical electron accelerators is a mandatory issue. Surveying the radiation leakage dose is important for patients, technicians, and health physicists, due to radiation protection aspects. Consequently, radiation leakage dose around the head of a mobile-dedicated intraoperative radiotherapy accelerator (LIAC), at different electron energies and field sizes have been evaluated in this study.

Impact of image reconstruction methods on quantitative accuracy and variability of FDG-PET volumetric and textural measures in solid tumors.

Objective: This study aims to assess the impact of different image reconstruction methods on PET/CT quantitative volumetric and textural parameters and the inter-reconstruction variability of these measurements.

Methods: A total of 25 oncology patients with 65 lesions (between 2017 and 2018) and a phantom with signal-to-background ratios (SBR) of 2 and 4 were included. All images were retrospectively reconstructed using OSEM, PSF only, TOF only, and TOFPSF with 3-, 5-, and 6.

Evaluating the performance of TG-43 protocol in esophageal HDR brachytherapy viewpoint to trachea inhomogeneity.

Aim: The aim of this study is to evaluate the effect of air within trachea on dose calculations of esophageal HDR brachytherapy treatment planning.

Background: Dose calculations in esophageal HDR brachytherapy treatment planning systems are greatly based on TG-43 protocol which in all materials are considered to be water equivalent.

Materials And Methods: A cylindrical PMMA phantom with a tube in the center (neck equivalent phantom) accompanied by Flexitron HDR brachytherapy system was used in this study.

Education and training of medical physics in Iran: The past, the present and the future.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to investigate the current status of education and training programs in medical physics in Iran.

Methods: A questionnaire was designed and sent to 274 IAMP (Iranian Association of Medical Physicists) members focusing on these two topics: the educational situation (course syllabus, number of faculty members, number of PhD and MSc students and sub-fields offered in the department) and the professional situation (work experience, workplaces of medical physicists, postgraduate degrees that were granted and the amount of therapy and imaging equipment).

Results: Medical physics education in Iran is provided at 14 universities at master and doctorate levels.

Commissioning of beam shaper applicator for conformal intraoperative electron radiotherapy.

Beam shaper is a newly designed device for beam shaping in IOERT. The aim of this study is evaluating the performance of this device for conformal IOERT and preparing it for clinical applications. Dosimetric characteristics for different combinations of energy/field size were determined by ionometric dosimetry, film dosimetry and Monte Carlo simulation.

A novel position-sensitive mega-size dosimeter for photoneutrons in high-energy X-ray medical accelerators.

Purpose: A novel position-sensitive mega-size polycarbonate (MSPC) dosimeter is introduced. It provides photoneutron (PN) dose equivalent matrix of positions in and out of a beam of a high energy X-ray medical accelerator under a single exposure.

Methods: A novel position-sensitive MSPC dosimeter was developed and applied.

Comparing the dosimetric characteristics of the electron beam from dedicated intraoperative and conventional radiotherapy accelerators.

The specific design of the mobile dedicated intraoperative radiotherapy (IORT) accelerators and different electron beam collimation system can change the dosimetric characteristics of electron beam with respect to the conventional accelerators. The aim of this study is to measure and compare the dosimetric characteristics of electron beam produced by intraoperative and conventional radiotherapy accelerators. To this end, percentage depth dose along clinical axis (PDD), transverse dose profile (TDP), and output factor of LIAC IORT and Varian 2100C/D conventional radiotherapy accelerators were measured and compared.

Commissioning and initial acceptance tests for a commercial convolution dose calculation algorithm for radiotherapy treatment planning in comparison with Monte Carlo simulation and measurement.

In this study the commissioning of a dose calculation algorithm in a currently used treatment planning system was performed and the calculation accuracy of two available methods in the treatment planning system i.e., collapsed cone convolution (CCC) and equivalent tissue air ratio (ETAR) was verified in tissue heterogeneities.

Evaluation of the Combined Effect of 2ME2 and (60)Co on the Inducement of DNA Damage by IUdR in a Spheroid Model of the U87MG Glioblastoma Cancer Cell Line Using Alkaline Comet Assay.

Objective: In this study, we investigated the combined effect of 2-Methoxyestradiol (2ME2) and (60)Co on the cytogenetic damage of iododeoxyuridine (IUdR) in the spheroid model of U87MG glioblastoma cancer cell lines by alkaline comet assay.

Materials And Methods: U87MG cells were cultured as spheroids with diameters of 350 µm. As control, the spheroids of one plate were not treated.