Non-coding RNAs in cancer immunotherapy: A solution to overcome immune resistance?

With the rapid advancement in immunotherapy, cancer immune resistance has become more evident, which demands new treatment approaches to achieve greater efficacy. Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) are a heterogeneous group of RNAs that are not translated to proteins but instead regulate different stages of gene expression. Recent studies have increasingly supported the critical role of ncRNAs in immune cell-cancer cell cross-talk, and numerous ncRNAs have been implicated in the immune evasion of cancer cells.

The Pathophysiological Associations Between Obesity, NAFLD, and Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Diseases.

Obesity, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), and atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases are common and growing public health concerns. Previous epidemiological studies unfolded the robust correlation between obesity, NAFLD, and atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases. Obesity is a well-known risk factor for NAFLD, and both of them can markedly increase the odds of atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases.

Weight loss breaks the bond between nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and cardiovascular diseases: A clinical and epidemiological perspective.

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a growing health concern that is closely related to obesity and metabolic syndrome. In particular, NAFLD has been increasingly reported in adolescents and young adults in recent years. Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) such as cardiac remodeling, heart failure, myocardial infarction, valvular heart diseases, and arrhythmia are more common in patients with NAFLD.

Effect of thymoquinone on pharmacokinetics of 5-fluorouracil in rats and its effect on human cell line .

Thymoquinone (TQ) is one of the components extracted from seeds and has antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anticancer effects. We evaluated the effect of TQ on 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) pharmacokinetics (PK) and on human colorectal cancer cell line. Ten Adult male Wistar rats were assigned to two groups.

Effect of Ketorolac on Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics of 5-Fluorouracil: In Vivo and In Vitro Study.

Background: This study aimed to evaluate the impact of ketorolac on the pharmacokinetics of 5-FU and its effect on the efficacy of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) on the HT-29 cell line.

Methods: Cell culture: the HT-29 cell line was treated with different concentrations of 5-FU, ketorolac, and combination of 5-FU and ketorolac for 24 and 48 hours. The cell viability (%) was calculated by the MTT assay.

Rare case of aspergillus brain abscess in an immunocompromised patient.

We present a case of aspergillus brain abscess in a 48-year-old woman with a history of kidney transplantation and no underlying central nervous system (CNS) disease. Follow-up of the patient for 4 years shows normal findings. Early diagnosis and aggressive treatment could improve the prognosis of this fatal complication.

The Footprint of Kynurenine Pathway in Cardiovascular Diseases.

Kynurenine pathway is the main route of tryptophan metabolism and produces several metabolites with various biologic properties. It has been uncovered that several cardiovascular diseases are associated with the overactivation of kynurenine pathway and kynurenine and its metabolites have diagnostic and prognostic value in cardiovascular diseases. Furthermore, it was found that several kynurenine metabolites can differently affect cardiovascular health.

Clinically suspected myocarditis in COVID-19 patients: Case series and review of the literature.

This Study describes eleven patients positive for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2. In our cases, females and younger patients developed more severe disease. In contrast, improvement in left ventricular ejection fraction and N-terminal prohormone brain natriuretic peptide within the first week of treatment contributed to promising outcomes.

Target Sestrin2 to Rescue the Damaged Organ: Mechanistic Insight into Its Function.

Sestrin2 is a stress-inducible metabolic regulator and a conserved antioxidant protein which has been implicated in the pathogenesis of several diseases. Sestrin2 can protect against atherosclerosis, heart failure, hypertension, myocardial infarction, stroke, spinal cord injury neurodegeneration, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), liver fibrosis, acute kidney injury (AKI), chronic kidney disease (CKD), and pulmonary inflammation. Oxidative stress and cellular damage signals can alter the expression of Sestrin2 to compensate for organ damage.

Immune checkpoint inhibitors and cardiotoxicity: possible mechanisms, manifestations, diagnosis and management.

Introduction: Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) are a new class of anticancer drugs that enhance the immune system function and activate T cells against cancerous cells. Although cardiac complications are not common, they could be accompanied with high morbidity and mortality.

Areas Covered: Regarding the importance of cardiac complications and their subsequent burden on individuals and the healthcare system, this review attempts to discuss the mechanism, diagnosis, and management of myocarditis, besides recapitulating the possible mechanism of other cardiac adverse events.

Effect of Hydroxychloroquine and Azithromycin on QT Interval Prolongation and Other Cardiac Arrhythmias in COVID-19 Confirmed Patients.

Background: Hydroxychloroquine with or without azithromycin was one of the common therapies at the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic. They can prolong QT interval, cause torsade de pointes, and lead to sudden cardiac death. We aimed to assess QT interval prolongation and its risk factors in patients who received hydroxychloroquine with or without azithromycin.

A brief review of the latest pharmacological treatments of COVID-19.

New Coronavirus which is called 2019-nCoV (2019-Novel-Coronavirus) or SARS-Cov-2 (Severe Acute respiratory Syndrome-Coronavirus 2) causes deadly pneumonia that first appeared in December 2019 in Wuhan city in China. This virus spreads all over the world quickly and made several problems for the community and healthcare system. Several drugs have been tried to manage COVID-19; however, our knowledge of this virus is not complete.