The effect of insertion angle on orthodontic mini-screw torque.

Background: Primary stability is an important factor for the clinical success of orthodontic mini-screws. The present study made an attempt to evaluate the effect of insertion angle changes on the maximum insertion and removal torque of orthodontic mini-screws.

Materials And Methods: In this experimental study, 72 mini-screws (Dual Top Anchor System, Jeil, 1.