Mobile bearing total knee arthroplasty does not lead to better joint awareness compared to fixed bearing design: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Purpose: Mobile-bearing total knee arthroplasty (MB-TKA) and fixed-bearing (FB) TKA are both widely used, with MB-TKA theoretically offering better functional outcomes due to its natural kinematics. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to compare joint awareness between MB-TKA and FB-TKA, as measured by Forgotten Joint Score-12 (FJS-12), to provide insights into patient-perceived outcomes.

Methods: A comprehensive literature search was conducted across major databases following PRISMA guidelines, without date or language restrictions.

Does body mass index (BMI) significantly influence aseptic loosening in primary total knee arthroplasty? Insights from a long-term retrospective cohort study.

Background: Total knee arthroplasty (TKA) offers substantially improved function for patients with severe osteoarthritis, but long-term success can be overshadowed by aseptic loosening, a complication with a multifactorial etiology. This study aims to investigate the association between BMI and the rate of aseptic loosening and other complications in patients undergoing primary TKA.

Methods: This retrospective cohort study examined 354 TKA patients, evenly categorized by BMI (≤ 30 kg/m² and > 30 kg/m²).

Simultaneous Bilateral Total hip Arthroplasty in Patients With Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis via Direct Anterior Approach: Long-Term Outcomes.

Background: Juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) often results in significant bilateral hip damage, necessitating total hip arthroplasty (THA). Simultaneous bilateral THA offers potential advantages, particularly when executed via the Direct Anterior Approach (DAA). This study aims to assess the functional, radiological, and patient-reported outcomes, along with the complications of bilateral uncemented THA performed via DAA in patients with JIA.

Predicting acetabular version in native hip joints through plain x-ray radiographs: a comparative analysis of convolutional neural network model and the current gold standard, with insights and implications for hip arthroplasty.

Introduction: This study presents the development and validation of a Deep Learning Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) model for estimating acetabular version (AV) from native hip plain radiographs.

Methods: Utilizing a dataset comprising 300 participants with unrelated pelvic complaints, the CNN model was trained and evaluated against CT-Scans, considered the gold standard, using a 5-fold cross-validation.

Results: Notably, the CNN model exhibited a robust performance, demonstrating a strong Pearson correlation with CT-Scans (right hip: = 0.

Conversion of a Failed Hip Hemiarthroplasty to Total Hip Arthroplasty: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Background: Hip hemiarthroplasty (HA) and total hip arthroplasty (THA) are common treatments for femoral neck fractures in elderly patients. Despite HA's advantages of shorter operative times, less blood loss, and lower initial costs compared to primary THA, it may lead to conversion THA (cTHA). Our objectives are to evaluate the impact of conversion from HA to THA on Harris hip scores (HHS), compare complication rates between cTHA, revision THA, and primary THA, and assess the rates and types of complications following cTHA.

Current Evidence Does Not Support the Use of Tibial Stem Extension in Total Knee Arthroplasty of Obese Patients: A Systematic Review.

Background: Obesity rates have been increasing globally, leading to a higher incidence of knee osteoarthritis and a surge in primary and revision total knee arthroplasty (TKA). The debate continues on the impact of obesity on TKA success, particularly regarding the use of stemmed tibial components in obese patients. This systematic review aimed to compare the effectiveness of stemmed tibial components versus standard keeled tibial components in obese patients undergoing TKA.

Biomechanical study of effect of tibial posteromedial defect depth and area on primary TKA implant stability.

Background: Medial tibial defects are common in patients who underwent primary total knee arthroplasty for varus deformity. Previous clinical studies have categorized tibial defects according to the depth of the defects and recommended different ways of addressing them. This study aimed to perform a biomechanical FE analysis to investigate the role of depth and surface area of the medial tibial plateau defects in the stability of the tibial component in primary TKA implants.

Professor John Roderick Cameron's Influence on Radiation Safety in Terrestrial and Space Environments.

Professor John Roderick Cameron (1922-2005) stands out as a trailblazer in the field of medical physics, whose innovative work has deeply influenced radiation protection and the broader medical radiation field through sound technical judgment and insight. Best known for inventing the bone densitometry device, his pioneering efforts have reshaped modern medical practices far beyond his initial breakthroughs. Cameron's explorations extended into the realms of space biomedical science and models of terrestrial radiation, areas where his insights continue to resonate today.

Blue Light and Digital Screens Revisited: A New Look at Blue Light from the Vision Quality, Circadian Rhythm and Cognitive Functions Perspective.

Research conducted over the years has established that artificial light at night (ALAN), particularly short wavelengths in the blue region (~400-500 nm), can disrupt the circadian rhythm, cause sleep disturbances, and lead to metabolic dysregulation. With the increasing number of people spending considerable amounts of time at home or work staring at digital screens such as smartphones, tablets, and laptops, the negative impacts of blue light are becoming more apparent. While blue wavelengths during the day can enhance attention and reaction times, they are disruptive at night and are associated with a wide range of health problems such as poor sleep quality, mental health problems, and increased risk of some cancers.

Development of Lead-Free Materials for Radiation Shielding in Medical Settings: A Review.

Radiation protection is an essential issue in diagnostic radiology to ensure the safety of patients, healthcare professionals, and the general public. Lead has traditionally been used as a shielding material due to its high atomic number, high density, and effectiveness in attenuating radiation. However, some concerns related to the long-term health effects of toxicity, environmental disease as well as heavy weight of lead have led to the search for alternative lead-free shielding materials.

A Critical Look at Heavy Ion Beam Irradiation for Vaccine Development.

Recent studies offer valuable insights into viral inactivation for vaccine development. Schulze et al. have demonstrated the potential of heavy ion beam irradiation to create effective vaccines, which is particularly relevant in the context of airborne pandemics.

A Reexamination of Peto's Paradox: Insights Gained from Human Adaptation to Varied Levels of Ionizing and Non-ionizing Radiation.

Humans have generally evolved some adaptations to protect against UV and different levels of background ionizing radiation. Similarly, elephants and whales have evolved adaptations to protect against cancer, such as multiple copies of the tumor suppressor gene p53, due to their large size and long lifespan. The difference in cancer protection strategies between humans and elephants/whales depends on genetics, lifestyle, environmental exposures, and evolutionary pressures.

Radiofrequency-Induced Heating of Amalgam Restorations and Dental Implants during 1.5T Magnetic Resonance Imaging.

This study aimed to evaluate radiofrequency-induced heating of different amalgam restorations and dental implants during 1.5T magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Standardized class I cavities (5 mm long, 3 mm wide, and 3 mm deep) were prepared on the occlusal surface of 45 extracted human third molars.