A retrospective cohort study: evaluating the efficacy of standard versus tubeless percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) in pediatric patients up to 18 years old.

Percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) is an endourological method applied as the standard or tubeless method for kidney stone treatment. In a retrospective cohort study, 88 surgery units involving 75 children up to 18 years old with kidney stones who underwent the surgery for 8 years in Shahid Beheshti and Boo-ali hospitals in Hamadan with one of the two methods of standard or tubeless PCNL were evaluated and compared considering the success rate of operation, hemoglobin, hematocrit drop, need for medications, need for blood transfusion, duration of surgery, and the length of hospital stay. Among the 88 units studied, 47 cases were operated with the standard PCNL and 41 cases by tubeless method.

Evaluating the Potential of a New Low-Profile Urinary Catheter in Preventing Catheter-Associated Urinary Tract Infections: A Prospective Randomized Blinded Clinical Trial.

Aim: To investigate the efficacy of a new low-profile catheter on incidence of the catheter-associated urinary tract infections (CAUTI) in comatose patients admitted to the intensive care unit.

Background: Catheter-induced urothelial injury is a key component in the development of urinary tract infections in catheterized patients.

Methods: In this prospective randomized blinded clinical trial, 80 patients requiring indwelling urinary catheterization were equally randomized to either the standard Foley catheter (control) or the low-profile catheter (experimental) group.

Malignant pheochromocytoma with negative biochemical markers: Is it time to reclassify pheochromocytomas?

Pheochromocytomas are catecholamine producing tumors of adrenal gland generally diagnosed by presence of these markers in urine or plasma. However, a few may be marker-negative and challenging for clinicians. Several reports of these marker-negative pheochromocytomas may warrant necessity for a new classification of these tumors.

Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy Versus Laparoscopy in the Management of Large Proximal Ureteral Stones: The Experience of Two Different Settings.

Purpose: This study was conducted to compare the success rate and complications of percutaneous nephrolithoto-my (PCNL) and laparoscopic ureterolithotomy for the treatment of large proximal ureteral stones.

Materials And Methods: In this prospective cohort study, the success rate and complications in 52 patients under-going PCNL in Hamadan's Shahid Beheshti Hospital and 55 patients undergoing laparoscopic ureterolithotomy in Tehran's Shahid Labbafinejad Hospital were compared. All patients had large proximal ureteral stones.

[Effect of intravenous acetaminophen versus fentanyl on postoperative pain after transurethral lithotripsy].

Background: Postoperative pain is the most common postoperative complication. This study was conducted to assess the effect of acetaminophen versus fentanyl on postoperative pain relief in patients who underwent urologic surgeries.

Methods: This clinical trial was conducted on patients aged 18–65 years.

Assessment of CEP55, PLK1 and FOXM1 expression in patients with bladder cancer in comparison with healthy individuals.

This case/control study is aimed at investigating the expression of CEP55, PLK1 and FOXM1 in bladder cancer tissues and comparing it with healthy tissue and their relationship with clinicopathological features of BC. Total RNA was extracted; then, gene expression was performed using real-time PCR relative to 18 s rRNA. 2 method was used to calculate the relative expression of genes.

Evaluation of MicroRNA-99a and MicroRNA-205 Expression Levels in Bladder Cancer.

Bladder cancer is the second most common cancer in the genitourinary tract, showing often recurrence and progress into invasive states. Epigenetic changes, such as microRNA alteration are involved in bladder cancer tumorigenesis through a variety of signaling pathways. The epigenetic state depends on geographic and lifestyle conditions.

Safety and Efficacy of Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy in Patients with Severe Skeletal Deformities.

Purpose: Treatment of renal calculi in patients with severe skeletal deformities can be challenging. We present our experience in order to provide an assessment of technical difficulties, associated complications, and outcomes of percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) as a treatment option in this special patient group.

Materials And Methods: Our study included eight patients treated with PCNL for renal stones.

Evaluation of zinc finger E-box binding homeobox 1 and transforming growth factor-beta2 expression in bladder cancer tissue in comparison with healthy adjacent tissue.

Purpose: The fifth most common cancer is allocated to bladder cancer (BC) worldwide. Understanding the molecular mechanisms of BC invasion and metastasis to identify target therapeutic strategies will improve disease survival. So the aim of this study was to measure expression rate of zinc finger E-box binding homeobox 1 (ZEB1) and transforming growth factor-beta2 (TGF-β2) mRNA in tissue samples of patients with BC and its healthy adjacent tissue samples and their association with muscle invasion, size and grade of the tumor.

Evaluation of miR-141, miR-200c, miR-30b Expression and Clinicopathological Features of Bladder Cancer.

Bladder cancer (BC) ranks the second most common genitourinary tract malignant tumor with high mortality and 70% recurrence rate worldwide. MiRNAs expression has noticeable role in bladder tumorigenesis. The purpose of this study was to assess miR-200c, miR-30b and miR-141 in tissue samples of patients with BC and healthy adjacent tissue samples and their association with muscle invasion, grade and the size of the tumor.

Prostate cancer antigen 3 gene expression in peripheral blood and urine sediments from prostate cancer and benign prostatic hyperplasia patients versus healthy individuals.

Purpose: To determine the expression of prostate cancer antigen 3 (PCA3) gene in peripheral blood and urine sediments from patients with prostate cancer (PCa) and benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) and normal subjects.

Materials And Methods: A total number of 48 patients [24 with biopsy proven prostate cancer (PCa) and 24 with benign prostate hyperplasia (BPH)] were studied. Twenty-four healthy individuals were also recruited as control group.

Comparison of the safety and efficacy of one-shot and telescopic metal dilatation in percutaneous nephrolithotomy: a randomized controlled trial.

Minimizing X-ray exposure during percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) is challenging. Using the single semirigid dilator, also called "one-shot" or "one-stage" is a good alternative to routine telescopic metal dilators to reduce X-ray exposure. Our aim was to compare the single semirigid one-shot dilator with a telescopic metal dilator in PCNL.

Complications of entry using Direct Trocar and/or Veress Needle compared with modified open approach entry in laparoscopy: six-year experience.

Purpose: To compare the results obtained from three routine laparoscopic entry techniques, including Direct Trocar (DT), Veress Needle (VN), and Open Approach (OA).

Materials And Methods: Safety and efficacy of three main laparoscopic entry techniques were evaluated prospectively in 453 consecutive patients who had undergone laparoscopy either with DT, VN, or modified OA technique in recent six years.

Results: Of 453 patients, 105 (23.

Percutaneous nephrolithotomy complications in 671 consecutive patients: a single-center experience.

Purpose: To evaluate major and minor complications of percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) and their management in our consecutive cases.

Materials And Methods: We reviewed medical records of 671 patients who had undergone PCNL in our center from March 2000 to March 2006. The demographic data, stone parameters, PCNL complications, and stone-free rate were evaluated.

The safety and efficacy of PCNL with supracostal approach in the treatment of renal stones.

Objective: Supracostal superior calyceal access has been shown to be the most suitable approach for staghorn calculi, calculi in the upper ureter, and complex inferior calyceal calculi. It is a good choice for direct access for most of the intrarenal collecting system and upper ureter. The aim of this retrospective study was to evaluate a single center data regarding the safety and efficacy of this approach for percutaneous renal stone surgery.

A multicenter, randomized, controlled trial of transureteral and shock wave lithotripsy--which is the best minimally invasive modality to treat distal ureteral calculi in children?

Purpose: Since there is insufficient evidence to determine the best treatment modality in children with distal ureteral calculi, we designed a multicenter, randomized, controlled trial to evaluate the efficacy and complications of transureteral and shock wave lithotripsy in these patients.

Materials And Methods: A total of 100 children with distal ureteral calculi were included in the study. Of the patients 50 were randomized consecutively to undergo shock wave lithotripsy using a Compact Delta II lithotriptor (Dornier MedTech, Kennesaw, Georgia), and 50 were randomized to undergo transureteral lithotripsy with holmium laser and pneumatic lithotriptor between February 2007 and October 2009.

Urinary tract and other associated anomalies in newborns with esophageal atresia.

Esophageal atresia is often associated with other anomalies. Hereditary and environmental factors may influence the incidence of associated anomalies, particularly of the urogenital system. We had 63 neonates with esophageal atresia admitted to 2 centers in Hamadan, Iran, from 2002 to 2008.

Lubrication of circumcision site for prevention of meatal stenosis in children younger than 2 years old.

Introduction: Circumcision is one of the most common surgical operations throughout the world, and meatal stenosis is one its late complications. We evaluated the topical use of a lubricant jelly after circumcision in boys in order to reduce the risk of meatal stenosis.

Materials And Methods: A randomized control trial was performed, in which 2 groups of boys younger the 2 years old underwent circumcision according to the sleeve method.

Laparoscopic assisted percutaneous nephrolithotomy in ectopic pelvic kidneys.

Three patients underwent laparoscopic assisted percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PNL). A kidneys, ureter and bladder (KUB), and intravenous pyelogram (IVP) of the first patient showed a 3 cm calculus in a right side ectopic pelvic kidney overlying on the sacrum. The second patient had bilateral ectopic kidneys.