Percutaneous nephrolithotomy in patients with kidney malformations.

Background And Purpose: Percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) for complex calculi within malformed kidneys can be challenging because of the abnormal anatomy. We present our 7-year experience with PCNL in such patients.

Patients And Methods: We performed PCNL on 16 patients with complex calculi and anomalous kidneys, including 7 with horseshoe kidneys, 5 with rotation anomalies, 3 with ectopic kidneys, and 1 with a small kidney.