Drug repositioning in castration-resistant prostate cancer using systems biology and computational drug design techniques.

Background And Objective: Castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) is caused by resistance to androgen deprivation treatment and leads to the death of patients and there is almost no chance of survival. Therefore, finding a cure to overcome CRPC is challenging and important, but discovering a new drug is very time-consuming and expensive. To overcome these problems, we used Drug repositioning (drug repurposing) strategy in this study.

MiRNA target enrichment analysis of co-expression network modules reveals important miRNAs and their roles in breast cancer progression.

Breast cancer has the highest incidence and is the fifth cause of death in cancers. Progression is one of the important features of breast cancer which makes it a life-threatening cancer. MicroRNAs are small RNA molecules that have pivotal roles in the regulation of gene expression and they control different properties in breast cancer such as progression.

Increasing prostate cancer radiosensitivity by miR-7-5p knockdown of anti-apoptotic genes.

Despite the success of radiotherapy for prostate cancer treatment, the recent discovery of radiation resistance prevents it from reaching its full potential. This study aims to use hsa-miR-7-5p for the expression of anti-apoptotic genes. The search for anti-apoptotic genes was carried out through databases.

Computational Discovery of AngiomiRs and Evaluating the Synergistic Effects of Target miRNA with Tranexamic Acid in Colorectal Cancer.

Introduction: microRNA (miRNA) levels are dysregulated in many cancers, suggesting that miRNA-based therapy may be effective. The molecular pathways of colorectal cancer (CRC) development are unknown.

Method: Understanding miRNAs implicated in CRC formation may reveal new diagnostic and therapeutic targets.

Dysregulated microRNAs in prostate cancer: prediction and validation.

Objectives: MicroRNAs, which are micro-coordinators of gene expression, have been recently investigated as a potential treatment for cancer. The study used computational techniques to identify microRNAs that could target a set of genes simultaneously. Due to their multi-target-directed nature, microRNAs have the potential to impact multiple key pathways and their pathogenic cross-talk.

Analysis of the therapeutic potential of miR-124 and miR-16 in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease.

Backgrounds: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a common condition affecting >25 % of the population worldwide. This disorder ranges in severity from simple steatosis (fat accumulation) to severe steatohepatitis (inflammation), fibrosis and, at its end-stage, liver cancer. A number of studies have identified overexpression of several key genes that are critical in the initiation and progression of NAFLD.

Downregulation of salivary miR-3928 as a potential biomarker in patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma and oral lichen planus.

Objectives: Recent studies highlighted the role of miR expressed in saliva as reliable diagnostic and prognostic tools in the long-term monitoring of cancer processes such as oral squamous carcinoma (OSCC). Based on a few previous studies, it seems the miR-3928 can be considered a master regulator in carcinogenesis, and it can be therapeutically exploited. This is the first study that compared oral potentially malignant disorder (OLP) and malignant (OSCC) lesions for miR-3928 expression.

Exploration of the Key Genes Involved in Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease and Possible MicroRNA Therapeutic Targets.

Background: MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are promising therapeutic agents for non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). This study aimed to identify key genes/proteins involved in NAFLD pathogenesis and progression and to evaluate miRNAs influencing their expression.

Methods: Gene expression profiles from datasets GSE151158, GSE163211, GSE135251, GSE167523, GSE46300, and online databases were analyzed to identify significant NAFLD-related genes.

Clinical value and potential circulating of miR-99a as tumor suppressor biomarker in serum of oral squamous cell carcinoma and erosive atrophic lichen planus.

Objectives: Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is the most common type of oral neoplasms that consist of more over 90% of oral cancers. It was demonstrated that erosive atrophic oral lichen planus (OLP) has potential of malignancy transformation into OSCC. The microRNAs are non-coding regulator sequences involved in cancer process.

Unveiling the Potential of Serum MiR-483-5p: A Promising Diagnostic and Prognostic Biomarker in OLP and OSCC Patients by Analysis of Differential Gene Expression.

Background: Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) and oral lichen planus (OLP) are two separate conditions affecting the mouth and result in varying clinical outcomes and levels of malignancy. Achieving early diagnosis and effective therapy planning requires the identification of reliable diagnostic biomarkers for these disorders. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have recently received attention as powerful biomarkers for various illnesses, including cancer.

MiR-548c-3p through suppressing and increases the sensitivity of colorectal cancer cells to 5-fluorouracil.

Background: Colorectal cancer, is one of most prevalent the cancer in the world. 5-Fluorouracil is a standard chemotherapeutic drug while the acquisition of resistance to 5-Fluorouracil is one of the problems during treatment. In this study, we aimed to find the miRNAs that modulate the expression of and as resistance-inducing genes in the resistant cell lines to 5-Fluorouracil.

Impact of curcumin on ferroptosis-related genes in colorectal cancer: Insights from in-silico and in-vitro studies.

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is responsible for a significant number of cancer-related fatalities worldwide. Researchers are investigating the therapeutic potential of ferroptosis, a type of iron-dependent controlled cell death, in the context of CRC. Curcumin, a natural compound found in turmeric, exhibits anticancer properties.

A label-free electrochemical biosensor based on PBA-Au-MXene QD for miR-122 detection in serum samples.

A poly(n-butyl acrylate)-gold-MXene quantum dots (PBA-Au-MXene QD) nanocomposite-based biosensor is presented that is modified by unique antisense single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) and uses the electrochemical detection methods of DPV, CV, and EIS to early detect miR-122 as a breast cancer biomarker in real clinical samples. This fabrication method is based on advanced nanotechnology, at which a poly(n-butyl acrylate) (PBA) as a non-conductive polymer transforms into a conductive composite by incorporating Au-MXene QD. This biosensor had a limit of detection (LOD) of 0.

Melatonin Attenuates Arsenic-Induced Neurotoxicity in Rats Through the Regulation of miR-34a/miR-144 in Sirt1/Nrf2 Pathway.

Arsenic (As) exposure is known to cause several neurological disorders through various molecular mechanisms such as oxidative stress, apoptosis, and autophagy. In the current study, we assessed the effect of melatonin (Mel) on As-induced neurotoxicity. Thirty male Wistar rat were treated daily for 28 consecutive days.

Deciphering colorectal cancer progression features and prognostic signature by single-cell RNA sequencing pseudotime trajectory analysis.

Colorectal cancer is the third most common cancer and second cancer with the highest mortality rate in the world. Progression, which leads to metastasis, is one of the biggest challenges in cancer treatment, and despite improvement in screening and treatment techniques, 5 years of survival of colorectal cancer patients drop from 91% in stage I to 12% in stage IV. Single-cell RNA sequencing is one of the most powerful tools to study complex diseases such as cancer, and despite its recent emergence, it's rapidly growing.

Design of a rapid electrochemical biosensor based on MXene/Pt/C nanocomposite and DNA/RNA hybridization for the detection of COVID-19.

Since the rapid spread of the SARS-CoV-2 (2019), the need for early diagnostic techniques to control this pandemic has been highlighted. Diagnostic methods based on virus replication, such as RT-PCR, are exceedingly time-consuming and expensive. As a result, a rapid and accurate electrochemical test which is both available and cost-effective was designed in this study.

Inducing apoptosis by using microRNA in radio-resistant prostate cancer: an in-silico study with an in-vitro validation.

Background: One of the problems with radiation therapy (RT) is that prostate tumor cells are often radio-resistant, which results in treatment failure. This study aimed to determine the procedure involved in radio-resistant prostate cancer apoptosis. For a deeper insight, we devoted a novel bioinformatics approach to analyze the targeting between microRNAs and radio-resistant prostate cancer genes.

Screening and introduction of key cell cycle microRNAs deregulated in colorectal cancer by integrated bioinformatics analysis.

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the second most common cancer in women and the third most common in men worldwide. Impaired cell cycle regulation leads to many cancers and is also approved in CRC. Therefore, cell cycle regulation is a critical therapeutic target for CRC.

Harnessing the Therapeutic Potential of Antimicrobial Peptides for Cancers: State of the Art.

Despite significant breakthroughs in cancer treatment, cancer remains a serious global health concern that takes thousands of lives each year. Still, drug resistance and adverse effects are the main problems in conventional cancer therapeutic approaches. Thus, the discovery of new anticancer agents with distinct mechanisms of action is a critical requirement that offers significant obstacles.

Melatonin ameliorates arsenic-induced cardiotoxicity through the regulation of the Sirt1/Nrf2 pathway in rats.

Chronic arsenic (As) exposure, mainly as a result of drinking contaminated water, is associated with cardiovascular diseases. Mitochondrial dysfunction, oxidative stress, inflammation, apoptosis, and autophagy have been suggested as the molecular etiology of As cardiotoxicity. Melatonin (Mel) is a powerful antioxidant.

A novel electrochemical biosensor based on signal amplification of Au HFGNs/PnBA-MXene nanocomposite for the detection of miRNA-122 as a biomarker of breast cancer.

Cancer is one of the leading causes of death worldwide and a crisis for global health. Breast cancer is the second most common cancer globally. In the perusal, a novel electrochemical biosensor amplified with hierarchical flower-like gold, poly (n-butyl acrylate), and MXene (AuHFGNs/PnBA-MXene) nanocomposite and activated by highly special antisense ssDNA (single-stranded DNA) provide a promising alternative for miRNA-122 detection as a biomarker of breast cancer.