Downregulation of Stemness Genes and Induction of Necrosis in Rat LA7 Cancer Stem Cells Induced Tumors Treated with Starved Fibroblasts Culture Supernatant.

Background: Stem cell differentiation therapy is a promising strategy in cancer treatment. we show that protein cocktail prepared from serum starved fibroblasts has therapeutic potential based on this strategy.

Methods: The condition medium was prepared from foreskin isolated fibroblasts and analyzed by Liquid chromatography electrospray ionization mass spectrometry-mass spectrometry (LC-ESI-MS/MS).

SCF Improves In Vitro Differentiation of SSCs Through Transcriptionally Up-regulating PRTM1, STRA8, c-KIT, PIWIL2, and OCT4 Genes.

Several lines of evidence strongly suggest that retinoic acid (RA) and stem cell factor (SCF)/c-Kit signal transduction pathways are involved in the differentiation of spermatogonial stem cells (SSCs). This study was aimed to investigate the effect of RA and SCF on in vitro differentiation of SSCs via evaluation of the mRNA expression of meiosis-specific genes in cultured testicular tissues. Testicular tissue samples were obtained from bilaterally vasectomized rats and also healthy adult rats and then were cultured for 25, 30, and 35 days on different conditions.

Targeting LA7 breast cancer stem cells of rat through repressing the genes of stemness-related transcription factors using three different biological fluids.

Down-regulation of stemness genes expression is important in differentiation therapy against cancer stem cells (CSCs). The aim of this study was to evaluate the Oct4 , Sox2, Nanog, and C-myc expression in rat breast cancer stem cells (LA7) which treated with human ovarian follicular fluid (FF), replicative senescent fibroblast culture supernatant (P14), and 16 h serum starved fibroblast supernatant (16 h-SFS). The cells were exposed to these biological fluids for 24 h, 72 h, and 7 days.

Comparison of Germ Cell Gene Expressions in Spontaneous Monolayer versus Embryoid Body Differentiation of Mouse Embryonic Stem Cells toward Germ Cells.

Background: Genetic and morphologic similarities between mouse embryonic stem cells (ESCs) and primordial germ cells (PGCs) make it difficult to distinguish differentiation of these two cell types . Using specific GC markers expressed in low level or even not expressed in ESCs- can help recognize differentiated cells . We attempted to differentiate the mouse ESCs into GC-like cells spontaneously in monolayer and EB culture method.

Protective Effect of N-Acetyl Cysteine on Chlorpyrifos-Induced Testicular Toxicity in Mice.

Background: Chlorpyrifos (CPF), an organophosphate pesticide, is widely used in farms in order to preserve crops and fruits. Previous studies have shown that CPF exposure might cause chronic toxicity in male genital system. The present study investigated the protective effect of N-Acetyl Cysteine (NAC), a potent antioxidant against testicular toxicity of CPF in male mice.

Differentiation of stem cells from the apical papilla into osteoblasts by the elastic modulus of porous silk fibroin scaffolds.

In addition to traditional approach for differentiation (biochemical factors), physical properties (elastic modulus) of the matrix will be becoming an important factor in differentiation of stem cells into different lineages. The porous scaffolds were prepared from the silk fibroin solutions 4%, 5%, 6%, 7% and 8.4% weight per volume (w/v) by freeze drying which produced scaffolds with the minimal changes in the pore size (96-160 μm) but with a ≈ 8-fold range of modulus (16 -131 kPa) in the wet condition.

Effect of Alpinia officinarum Hance rhizome extract on spermatogram factors in men with idiopathic infertility: A prospective double-blinded randomised clinical trial.

Despite scientific advances, many of the treatments in male infertility remained indeterminate. In recent years, the attention to herbal remedies as an effective treatment for male infertility is considerable. We designed this study to determine the effects of Alpinia officinarum on the results of semen analysis in men with idiopathic infertility.

Evaluation of specific germ cell genes expression in mouse embryonic stem cell-derived germ cell like cells treated with bone morphogenetic protein 4 in vitro.

Background: Bone morphogenetic protein 4 (BMP4) is a significant signaling molecule that involves in initiating of differentiation and performs multifunctional effects on embryonic stem cells (ESCs) and embryos.

Objective: The goal of the present study was to evaluate an in vitro differentiation model of mouse embryonic stem cells into germ cells, using BMP4.

Materials And Methods: in this experimental study, we used Oct4-GFP mouse ESCs to form embryoid body (EB) aggregations for two days.

Evaluation of Novel Mouse-Specific Germ Cell Gene Expression in Embryonic Stem Cell-Derived Germ Cell-Like Cells In Vitro with Retinoic Acid Treatment.

We designed a study to induce differentiation of Oct4-GFP (expression of Green Fluorescent Protein of oct4) embryonic stem cells (ESCs) by embryoid body (EB) culture system into germ cells (GCs) using retinoic acid (RA) and evaluated the expression level of (Fkbp6, Mov10l1, 4930432K21Rik, and Tex13) in differentiated cells. The expression levels of four GC-related genes, Oct4, Mvh, Scp3, and Stra8, was determined by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (q-RT-PCR). Immunostaining and flow cytometry were used as additional tests to confirm q-RT-PCR findings.

Auto-fluorescence of a silk fibroin-based scaffold and its interference with fluorophores in labeled cells.

Silk fibroin is increasingly emerging as an important biomaterial for tissue engineering applications. The ability to fluorescently image silk matrices under a microscope would be helpful in differentiating embedded labeled cells from background signal, critical for the study of silk-based engineered tissues. In this study, we fabricated a scaffold using freeze drying and confirmed its structure by X-ray diffraction and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy.

Impact of pre-incubation time of silk fibroin scaffolds in culture medium on cell proliferation and attachment.

Cell behaviours such as proliferation and attachment can be affected by the length of pre-incubation period of the scaffolds in the culture medium for long term. The aim of this study was to investigate the long term pre-incubation of 3D silk fibroin scaffolds in complete culture medium on cell attachment and proliferation. After the preparation of silk fibroin scaffolds by the technique of freeze drying, the scaffolds were pre-incubated in complete culture medium for 2 d, 6 d or 10 d before apical papilla stem cells (SCAP) seeding.

Effect of Fetal Mouse Lung Tissue Co-Culture on In Vitro Maturation of Mouse Immature Oocytes.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate the fetal mouse lung tissue co-culture on in vitro maturation (IVM) of mouse immature oocytes.

Materials And Methods: In this experimental study, germinal vesicle (GV) oocytes from ovaries of a group of 25 female mice, 6-8 weeks of age, were dissected after being stimulated by 7.5 IU pregnant mare serum gonadotropin (PMSG) through an intraperitoneal (IP) injection.

Cytochrome P-450 1B1 Leu432Val Polymorphism Does Not Show Association With Breast Cancer in Northern Iranian Women With a History of Infertility.

The Cytochrome P-4501B1 () Leu432Val polymorphism has been previously shown to be associated with some types of cancer and affects -mediated metabolism of various infertility drugs. To establish the frequency of Leu432Val polymorphism among women with a history of infertility drug use, we studied the genotypes of 147 patients with breast cancer with a history of infertility and 150 cancer-free, infertile women (control group) in Northern Iran. A polymerase chain reaction-based restriction fragment length polymorphism assay was used to detect GG (Val/Val), CG (Leu/Val), and CC (Leu/Leu) genotype frequencies, which did not vary significantly between the 2 patient groups ( = .

Does different BMI influence oocyte and embryo quality by inducing fatty acid in follicular fluid?

Objective: We aimed to assess the effects of obesity-related follicular fluid (FF) fatty acids (FAs) on the number and quality of oocytes, good embryo quality rate, and pregnancy rate.

Materials And Methods: This prospective cohort study was conducted on 105 infertile women under the age of 38, who underwent intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) from March 2015 to October 2015. They were grouped into three body mass index (BMI) categories.

The role of fatty acids on ICSI outcomes: a prospective cohort study.

Background: Our objective was to determine the effect of fatty acids (FAs) in serum and follicular fluid (FF) on fertilization and intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) outcomes.

Methods: One hundred five women aged 18-38 years undergoing ICSI were recruited in this prospective cohort study. oocyte and emberyo quality was morphologically assessed.

Comparison of pregnancy rate between fresh embryo transfers and frozen-thawed embryo transfers following ICSI treatment.

Background: The use of assisted reproductive technology (ART) is increasing in the world. The rate, efficacy and safety of ART are very different among countries. There is an increase in the use of intra cytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI), single fresh embryo transfer (ET) and frozen-thawed embryo transfer (FET).

Azoospermia and testicular biopsy before intra-cytoplasmic sperm injection: Does the type of anesthesia make a difference?

Aim: Azoospermia is the most common form of male factor infertility, due to which sperms are retrieved for intra-cytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) under general or local anesthesia. The aim of the present study was to compare the efficacy of general and local anesthesia in an attempt to extract a sufficient quality of sperm for men with azoospermia, who intend to undergo ICSI.

Materials And Methods: A total number of 50 patients with azoospermia, who were within the age range of 20-40, were randomly scheduled for testicular sperm extraction with either general or local anesthesia before ICSI.

Histopathological, histomorphometrical, and radiographical evaluation of injectable glass-ceramic-chitosan nanocomposite in bone reconstruction of rat.

Background. Bone defects following tumor resection and osteolysis due to bone lesions, periodontal tissue disorders, and bone reconstruction are challenges that surgeons face. Gass-ceramic-chitosan nanocomposite contains chitosan, a derivative of crustaceans' exoskeleton.

Total antioxidant capacity and lipid peroxidation in semen of patient with hyperviscosity.

Semen hyperviscosity (SHV) is one of the factors involved in deficiency in sperm function. This research aimed to evaluate seminal plasma total antioxidant capacity (TAC) and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels in infertile patients with hyperviscous and non-hyperviscous semen samples to understand whether hyperviscous semen is associated with oxidative damage in infertile subjects. In this cross sectional study, 59 semen samples were provided by fertile (n=12) individuals as control, infertile patients with normal viscosity (n=25) and infertile patients with hyperviscosity (n=22).

Immunotoxicity effects of carbaryl in vivo and in vitro.

Carbaryl is a pesticide for controlling pests in agricultural industry. To determine of immunotoxicity effects of carbaryl, rats were exposure with carbaryl for 28 days. The lymphoid organ weight, lymphocyte proliferation, IL-2, IFN-γ, IL-4, IL-10, IL-1β and TNF-α cytokines level were measured, respectively.

Correlation of sperm parameters with semen lipid peroxidation and total antioxidants levels in astheno- and oligoasheno- teratospermic men.

Background: Sperm dysfunction caused by reactive oxygen species (ROSs) is one of the major causes of infertility in men, which leads to, lipid peroxidation (LPO) and the formation of stable peroxidation products like Malondialdehyde (MDA) in seminal plasma. MDA is effective factor in reducing fertility.

Objectives: The aim of this study is to determine two biochemical markers of oxidative stress; TAC and MDA, and them correlation to quality-quantity factors in Asthenoteratospermic and Oligoashenoteratospermic men.

The effect of camphor on sex hormones levels in rats.

In some traditional therapies, it has been claimed that camphor (a crystalline ketone obtained from cinnamomum camphora) would be a suppressor of sexual behaviors and sex hormones. This study evaluated the effects of camphor on sex hormones, like luteinizing hormone (LH), follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and testosterone. In this experimental study, 56 male rats were divided into 5 groups, including control (n=12), sham (n=11) and three treatment groups (n=11) in three different doses.

The effect of 8-methoxypsoralen on pituitary-gonad axis and ovarian function in mice.

Objective: 8-Methoxypsoralen (8-MOP) is a photoactive compound widely used in the treatment of proliferate disorders. The present study investigates the effects of 8-MOP on ovary function and pituitary-gonad axis in mice.

Materials And Methods: : In this experimental analytical study, 45 female Balb/C mice were divided into three groups (n=15), control, sham (olive oil injection) and experimental.

Evaluation of preincubation time interval in testicular biopsy to obtain optimum sperm parameters.

Objective: In sever oligospermia; one of the paths used for surgical sperm retrieval (SSR) is to extract sperm via a testicular biopsy. The aim of our study is to determine the reliable time interval between testicular biopsy and intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) procedure in order to obtain optimumsperm parameters (count, motility and normal morphology).

Materials And Methods: This cohort study was carried out on 30 patients which were candidates for ICSI.