Molecular pathways in glioblastoma-derived stem cells to identify effective drug agents: A bioinformatics study.

Background And Aim: Glioblastoma multiform (GBM) is considered as one of the malignant brain tumors that affect a wide range of people every year. Cancer stem cells, as essential factors, are resistant to chemotherapy drugs and complicate treatments. Therefore, finding critical molecular pathways in GBM-derived stem cells, and selecting the appropriate drug agents can prove more effective treatment approaches for GBM.

Investigating the molecular mechanisms of Tamoxifen on the EMT pathway among patients with breast cancer.

Tamoxifen is one of the most used drugs for breast cancer. This study aimed to investigate the effect of the Tamoxifen mechanism on the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) pathway among breast cancer patients due to its resistance to breast cancer cells. We selected the appropriate datasets from the GEO database using continuous and integrated bioinformatics analysis.

Association between gastrointestinal symptoms and disease severity in patients with COVID-19 in Tehran City, Iran.

Introduction: It is important to identify the relationship between COVID-19 and gastrointestinal symptoms for health organizations in different communities.

Aim: To assess the relationship between gastrointestinal symptoms and COVID-19.

Material And Methods: It was a cross-sectional descriptive-analytical study that was conducted on 381 patients those where admitted to Imam Hossein Hospital with a confirmed diagnosis of COVID-19 on nasopharyngeal polymerase chain reaction testing for SARS-CoV-2 from first March to end of June in Tehran city; 2020.

The application of nano-medicine to overcome the challenges related to immune checkpoint blockades in cancer immunotherapy: Recent advances and opportunities.

Although immunosurveillance mechanisms are doing their best to counteract with the development of malignant cells, immune checkpoints may serve as the "Achilles' heel" that are exploited by malignant cells. Notably, a deep understanding of this fragile site of the immune system later led to the development of immune checkpoint blockades (ICBs). At the beginning of the discovery, it seemed that these agents could push the boundaries of cancer treatment, however, their life-threatening adverse events have muted the enthusiasm into their application in cancer.