Influence of barley grain treated with alkaline compounds or organic extracts on site and extent of digestion of starch.

Objective: Two e experiments were conducted to verify the effect of barley grain () treated with alkaline compounds (AC) including alum, ammonium, and sodium hydroxide or cation-exchanged organic extracts (OE) prepared from alfalfa hay, sugar beet pulp and , on extent and digestion of starch.

Methods: In the first study, the first order disappearance kinetic parameters of dry matter (DM), crude protein (CP) and starch were estimated using a non-linear model (D = D · e + I, where: D = potentially digestible residues at any time, D = potentially digestible fraction at any time, k = fractional rate constant of digestion (/h), I = indigestible fraction at any time). In the second experiment, the ruminal and post-ruminal disappearance of DM, CP, and starch were determined using mobile nylon bag.

Introducing and validation of SYBR Green Real-Time PCR method to determinate sex ratio in bovine semen.

Flow cytometry is a widely used application for validating the accuracy of sperm sexing. However, this method is relatively expensive and requires considerable technical support. An alternative method employing simpler technology at low cost could be suitable for the evaluation of bovine semen in laboratories with low budgets.