The ratio of anterior anogenital distance to posterior anogenital distance: A novel-biomarker for polycystic ovary syndrome.

Background: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is one of the most common endocrine disorders in women of reproductive age. The etiopathogenesis of the disease remains uncertain. Additionally, a full consensus has not been reached regarding PCOS diagnostic criteria.

Determination of the effects of bone marrow derived mesenchymal stem cells and ovarian stromal stem cells on follicular maturation in cyclophosphamide induced ovarian failure in rats.

Objective: Chemotherapy causes depletion of primordial follicles that leads to premature ovarian failure in female cancer survivals. We investigated the effect of bone marrow derived mesenchymal (BMMSCs) and ovarian stromal stem cells (OSSCs) on follicle maturation in chemotherapy induced ovarian failure.

Material And Methods: Thirty six Wistar Albino female rats were divided into three groups.

Ovulation Induction is a More Effective Stimulant on Antiovarian Antibody Production than In Vitro Fertilization.

Introduction: Our aim in this study is to evaluate the effects of in vitro fertilization (IVF), including controlled ovarian hyperstimulation (COH) and the number of oocyte pick-up (OPU) procedures on the development of anti-ovarian antibodies (AOA).

Methods: To evaluate the effects of IVF procedures, namely, COH and OPU, serum samples for measuring AOA concentration levels by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay were collected on the third day of the menstrual cycle, at the end of the COH, and after OPU.

Results: The AOA levels in IVF patients were significantly higher than the fertile control groups'.

Melatonin causes regression of endometriotic implants in rats by modulating angiogenesis, tissue levels of antioxidants and matrix metalloproteinases.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to test if melatonin causes regression of endometriotic implants and whether it influences implant levels of superoxide dismutase (SOD), malondialdehyde (MDA), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase (TIMP)-2 and matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-9 in rats.

Methods: Endometriotic implants were introduced surgically to 20 female Wistar albino rats, which were either treated with melatonin via intraperitoneal injection for four weeks (melatonin group, n = 10) or with saline (control group, n = 10) after a second-look laparotomies. The main outcome measures included volume (mm(3)) and weight (mg) of explants and tissue levels of SOD, MDA, VEGF, TIMP-2 and MMP-9.

Alterations of ionized and total magnesium levels in pregnant women with gestational diabetes mellitus.

Background/aims: The aim of this prospective study was to determine ionized and total magnesium (Mg) levels in pregnant subjects with and without gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM).

Methods: Eighty-five women, 26-28 weeks pregnant, were recruited for routine oral glucose tolerance tests (OGTT); 45 had normal OGTT results and 40 were diagnosed with GDM. Electrolyte levels, including ionized and total Mg, were analyzed.

Environmental Tobacco Smoke Exposure during Intrauterine Period, Promotes Caspase Dependent and Independent DNA Fragmentation in Sertoli-Germ Cells.

Objectives. To investigate the effect of cigarette smoke exposure during intrauterine period on neonatal rat testis. Methods.

Effect of stem cell application on Asherman syndrome, an experimental rat model.

Purpose: We evaluate the effect of stem cells to induce endometrial proliferation and angiogenesis on Asherman Syndrome (AS).

Methods: The experimental study was performed in stemcell research laboratory. Forty Wistar-Albino rats were divided according to groups.

Effect of injectable medroxyprogesterone acetate and etonogestrel implants on GABA-A and serotonin receptors in white and gray matter of the brain: experimental study in rats.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the time-dependent effect of progesterone-only contraceptives on the brain and to obtain an improved understanding of mood disorders experienced under this medication. A total of 66 Wistar albino rats were divided into three groups: etonogestrel (ENG) implant (group 1, n = 30); depot medroxyprogesterone acetate (MPA)-injectable (group 2, n = 30); and control (group 3, n = 6) groups. Groups 1 and 2 were each divided into five subgroups, which were examined every 10 d for up to 50 d after medication administration, to evaluate its time-dependent effect.

Protection from cyclophosphamide-induced ovarian damage with bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells during puberty.

Objective: In female cancer survivors, the accelerated loss of primordial follicles may lead to premature ovarian failure. We investigated the protective effects of bone marrow derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMMSC) and gonadotropin releasing hormone analogue (GnRHa) against chemotherapeutic-induced ovarian toxicity in a rat model.

Material And Methods: Forty-eight Wistar albino female rats were divided into four groups.

Time dependent influence of etonogestrel on the caspase-3 immunoreactivity and apoptotic indexes of rat uterus and ovaries.

Apoptosis is necessary for the balance between cell proliferation and loss. Thirty-six Wistar-Albino rats were subjected to investigate apoptotic effect of widely used implantable progestins on ovarian and uterine tissues. Rats were divided into 6 groups.

Environmental tobacco smoke exposure during intrauterine period promotes granulosa cell apoptosis: a prospective, randomized study.

Objective: To evaluate the intrauterine effect of cigarette smoke on cell death and DNA damage in follicular cells of fetal ovarian tissue.

Methods: A prospective, randomized study was conducted with 25 female wistar-albino rats. The rats were randomized to be exposed either to cigarette smoke or to room air, initiating from proestrous period and during pregnancy.

Regression of endometrial autografts in a rat model of endometriosis treated with etanercept.

Objective: To determine the efficacy of anti-tumor necrosis factor therapy (etanercept) for treating endometriosis in the rat endometriosis model.

Study Design: A randomized, placebo-controlled, blinded study using rat endometriosis model. After the peritoneal implantation of endometrial tissue, twenty-eight Wistar female rats were randomized to two equal intervention groups: the control group and the etanercept-treated group.

Anti-Mullerian hormone is a better marker than inhibin B, follicle stimulating hormone, estradiol or antral follicle count in predicting the outcome of in vitro fertilization.

Objective: The present study aims to compare anti-Mullerian hormone (AMH) with other ovarian reserve markers and to find a cut-off value of AMH for predicting ovarian response towards controlled ovarian hyperstimulation in an in vitro fertilization (IVF) program.

Materials And Methods: A prospective analysis was performed in 180 patients undergoing their first IVF trial, which is being conducted at a department of assisted reproduction in a tertiary medical center. The main outcome measures were determined as age and antral follicle count as well as the serum concentrations of follicle stimulating hormone, luteinizing hormone (LH), estradiol (E2), inhibin B and AMH.

Effect of bevacizumab on postoperative adhesion formation in a rat uterine horn adhesion model and the correlation with vascular endothelial growth factor and Ki-67 immunopositivity.

We investigated whether adhesion formation is prevented by the inhibition of angiogenesis in a rat uterine horn adhesion model. A single-dose of bevacizumab was effective in preventing postoperative intraperitoneal adhesion formation among 30 Wistar albino rats that underwent serosal injury by use of a standard technique after laparotomy with intraperitoneal bevacizumab.

Rehabilitation of irradiated patients with modified and conventional sandblasted acid-etched implants: preliminary results of a split-mouth study.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to evaluate the success rate of chemically modified and conventional sandblasted acid-etched surface (SLA) titanium implants in irradiated oral squamous cell carcinoma patients.

Material And Methods: Twenty patients with a mean age of 61.1 years were treated with dental implants after ablative surgery and radio-chemotherapy of oral cancer.

Inflammatory-metabolic parameters in obese and nonobese normoandrogenemic polycystic ovary syndrome during metformin and oral contraceptive treatment.

Our aim was to evaluate the optimal treatment strategy addressing cardiovascular risk in obese and nonobese patients with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). We planned a prospectıve randomized clinical study. Normoandrogenemic and oligoamenorrheic women with PCOS and impaired glucose tolerance (n = 96) were enrolled in the study.

Predictive value of middle cerebral artery to uterine artery pulsatility index ratio in preeclampsia.

Objective: To determine the predictive value of middle cerebral artery (MCA) to uterine artery pulsatility index (PI) ratio in preeclamptic patients.

Methods: This prospective cross-sectional study was performed on 64 preeclamptic and 131 normal pregnancies at or beyond 26 weeks of gestation between June 2007-August 2008 in the high-risk pregnancy unit of Dr. Zekai Tahir Burak Women Health Teaching and Research Hospital, Ankara.

Assisted reproductive treatment applications in men with normal phenotype but 45,X/46,XY mosaic karyotype: clinical and genetic perspectives.

Objective: The 45,X/46,XY mosaic karyotype is expressed by a spectrum of genital phenotypes, ranging from normal males through to ambiguous genitalia and to normal females.

Case Reports: We present three cases of men with azoospermia or severe oligozoospermia, and a 45,X/46,XY mosaic karyotype and two with a Y-chromosome microdeletion. Phenotypically, they appeared as normal males, with normal penis, scrotum and secondary sex characteristics.

Efficacy of anti-tumor necrosis factor therapy on endometriosis in an experimental rat model.

Objective: To show the efficacy of anti-tumor necrosis factor therapy (etanercept) for treating endometriosis in an experimental model.

Design: A randomized, placebo-controlled, blinded study using rat endometriosis model.

Setting: Experimental research center of Ankara Education and Research Hospital.

Atorvastatin causes regression of endometriotic implants in a rat model.

Endometriotic implants were induced surgically in female Wistar albino rats, which were randomly divided into three groups. The rats in group I (n=10) and group II (n=9) were given 2.5 mg/kg/day intraperitoneal and oral atorvastatin, respectively, for 28 days.

Obesity alters retrieved oocyte count and clinical pregnancy rates in high and poor responder women after in vitro fertilization.

Objective: Ovarian responsiveness to ovulation induction agents is essential for a successful clinical outcome in assisted reproductive technology (ART) cycles. We aimed to evaluate the accuracy of multinominal logistic models for the prediction of ovarian reserve and pregnancy in women undergoing ART cycles.

Patients And Methods: 1,970 patients who underwent ovarian stimulation for ART programs were evaluated.

The long-term effects of progesterone-only contraceptives on endometrium and ovary in rats.

Progestin-only (p-only) contraceptives often cause breakthrough bleeding for unknown reasons. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the long-term effects of p-only contraceptives to gain a better understanding of breakthrough bleeding mechanism. Wistar rats were divided into etonorgesterel implant (Group 1, n = 25), depot medroxyprogesterone acetate injectable (Group 2, n = 25), and control groups (n = 5).

Metformin regresses endometriotic implants in rats by improving implant levels of superoxide dismutase, vascular endothelial growth factor, tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-2, and matrix metalloproteinase-9.

Objective: We sought to test if metformin could regress endometriotic explants in rats.

Study Design: After inducing endometriotic implants and randomization of female Wistar albino rats, they were given 25 and 50 mg/kg/day of oral metformin in group A (n = 9) and B (n = 8), respectively, for 28 days. Group C (n = 9) was given saline as placebo.

Long-term effects of extracorporeal magnetic innervations in the treatment of women with urinary incontinence: results of 3-year follow-up.

Purpose: This study is designed to evaluate the long-term efficacy of extracorporeal magnetic innervation (ExMI) in the treatment of women with urinary incontinence.

Methods: Our prospective study included a period of 3 years between May 2005 and October 2008. A total of 137 consequent women with stress and urge incontinence were included in the study.