[SIDE-TO-END ANASTOMOSIS IN LOW ANTERIOR RECTAL RESECTION].

The authors have launched a prospective randomized study aimed to make a comparison of functional results of formation of straight coloanal (control group) and side-to end (main group) anastomosis in case of low anterior rectal resection since 2012. Each group consisted of 40 patients undergoing operation concerning uncomplicated rectal cancer of medium-ampullar section of rectum. It was noted that patients of the main group had lower stool frequency in postoperative period.

[Diagnosis and surgical treatment of recurrences of rectal cancer].

The authors present the analysis of the results of surgical treatment of 145 patients with recurrent rectal carcinoma in 1960-1990 at the State Scientific Centre of Proctology. A group of 304 patients who underwent radical operation for carcinoma of the rectum was also studied to determine the frequency of recurrences after radical surgery. It was found to be 30.

[The groups at risk for a recurrence of rectal cancer after radical operations].

The article discusses a group of patients with rectal carcinoma who underwent radical operations at the Scientific Research Institute of Proctology in 1982-1983. The terms and frequency of rectal carcinoma recurrences are analysed and the factors influencing these indices are studied. The results made it possible to form a group with a risk of a recurrence among patients with carcinoma of the rectum and suggest new schedules of regular medical observation over these patients with consideration for the risk group.

[A comparative evaluation of methods for diagnosing recurrence of rectal cancer after radical surgery].

As a result of a study of 173 cases of rectal cancer, applicability of bleomycin-111indium for diagnosis of tumor recurrences was shown. Assays of carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) as a separate diagnostic procedure proved inadequate due to their low sensitivity (42.1%).

[Combined treatment of rectal cancer].

The comparative analysis of two methods of treatment (a combined method with the preoperative radiotherapy and a purely surgical one) of 363 patients with carcinoma of the rectum has shown that an intensive concentrated course of radiotherapy with irradiation of extended fields (the irradiation zone includes the small pelvis cavity and paraaortal lymph nodes up to the level of the second lumbar vertebra) is satisfactorily endured by the patients and does not complicate the operation. In the postoperative period the patients subjected to preoperative radiotherapy showed a longer healing of the perineal wound. The authors failed to reveal any difference in the results of a 3-year survival of the patients after the combined and purely surgical methods of treatment.

[Metastatic ovarian tumors in rectal cancer patients].

Under investigation were 207 female patients with carcinoma of the rectum aged 17 to 68 subjected to bilateral ovariectomy in addition to radical operation. A control group (95 women) subjected only to radical operations for carcinoma of the rectum was also analyzed. It was found that the metastatic spreading of the rectum carcinoma into the ovaries took place in 8.