Determinants of Dropout From a Virtual Agent-Based App for Insomnia Management in a Self-Selected Sample of Users With Insomnia Symptoms: Longitudinal Study.

Background: Fully automated digital interventions delivered via smartphone apps have proven efficacious for a wide variety of mental health outcomes. An important aspect is that they are accessible at a low cost, thereby increasing their potential public impact and reducing disparities. However, a major challenge to their successful implementation is the phenomenon of users dropping out early.

Utilizing CT and MRI in Assessing Peritumoral Neovascularization in Renal Cell Carcinoma: A Comprehensive Analysis of Histological Subtypes and Tumor Characteristics by Imaging.

Objective: There are variations in prognosis and therapeutic approach for renal cell carcinoma among different histological subtypes. This study aims to determine the relationship between radiologically detected peritumoral neovascularization and the histological subtypes of Renal Cell Carcinoma (RCC) and to assess whether extratumoral neovascularization characteristics detected via imaging can contribute to distinguishing these subtypes alongside tumor size and T-stage.

Materials And Methods: 104 renal tumors from 104 cases consisting of 31 females (29.

Daycare use of disinfectants and cleaning products and wheeze among children: Cross-sectional analyses in the French CRESPI cohort.

Background: Evidence is mounting that domestic use of disinfectants and cleaning products (DCP), particularly in spray form, is associated with wheezing in children. Beyond the home environment, many children are also exposed to DCP in daycare. The links between daycare exposures to DCP and child respiratory health have never before been studied.

Effects of Chlorpyrifos on gut dysbiosis and barriers integrity in women with a focus on pregnancy and prebiotic intervention: Insights from advanced in vitro human models.

Chlorpyrifos (CPF), a commonly used organophosphate pesticide, poses potential risks to human health, particularly affecting the gut microbiota (GM), intestinal barrier (IB), and blood-brain barrier (BBB). CPF-induced gut dysbiosis compromises the integrity of both the IB and the BBB, leading to increased intestinal permeability, inflammation, and bacterial translocation, all of which may impact neurological health. Although CPF's effects on the GM are documented, limited research explores how these impacts differ in women, particularly during pregnancy.

Secretome of brain microvascular endothelial cells promotes endothelial barrier tightness and protects against hypoxia-induced vascular leakage.

Cell-based therapeutic strategies have been proposed as an alternative for brain and blood vessels repair after stroke, but their clinical application is hampered by potential adverse effects. We therefore tested the hypothesis that secretome of these cells might be used instead to still focus on cell-based therapeutic strategies. We therefore characterized the composition and the effect of the secretome of brain microvascular endothelial cells (BMECs) on primary in vitro human models of angiogenesis and vascular barrier.

25-Hydroxycholesterol attenuates tumor necrosis factor alpha-induced blood-brain barrier breakdown in vitro.

Intracellular cholesterol metabolism is regulated by the SREBP-2 and LXR signaling pathways. The effects of inflammation on these molecular mechanisms remain poorly studied, especially at the blood-brain barrier (BBB) level. Tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα) is a proinflammatory cytokine associated with BBB dysfunction.

Biweekly vs Triweekly Cabazitaxel in Older Patients With Metastatic Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer: The CABASTY Phase 3 Randomized Clinical Trial.

Importance: Many patients 65 years or older with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) are denied taxane chemotherapy because this treatment is considered unsuitable.

Objective: To determine whether biweekly cabazitaxel (CBZ), 16 mg/m2 (biweekly CBZ16), plus prophylactic granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) at each cycle reduces the risk of grade 3 or higher neutropenia and/or neutropenic complications (eg, febrile neutropenia, neutropenic infection, or sepsis) compared with triweekly CBZ, 25 mg/m2 (triweekly CBZ25), plus G-CSF (standard regimen).

Design, Setting, And Participants: A total of 196 patients 65 years or older with progressive mCRPC were enrolled in this prospective phase 3 randomized clinical trial conducted in France (18 centers) and Germany (7 centers) between May 5, 2017, and January 7, 2021.

Predictors of users' adherence to a fully automated digital intervention to manage insomnia complaints.

Objective: Fully automated digital interventions show promise for disseminating evidence-based strategies to manage insomnia complaints. However, an important concept often overlooked concerns the extent to which users adopt the recommendations provided in these programs into their daily lives. Our objectives were evaluating users' adherence to the behavioral recommendations provided by an app, and exploring whether users' perceptions of the app had an impact on their adherence behavior.

Discovery, Structure-Activity Relationships, and In Vivo Activity of Dihydropyridone Agonists of the Bile Acid Receptor TGR5.

A novel series of potent agonists of the bile acid receptor TGR5 bearing a dihydropyridone scaffold was developed from a high-throughput screen. Starting from a micromolar hit compound, we implemented an extensive structure-activity-relationship (SAR) study with the synthesis and biological evaluation of 83 analogues. The project culminated with the identification of the potent nanomolar TGR5 agonist .

From improved sleep regularity to reduced sleep complaints and mental health conditions: a population-based interventional study using a smartphone-based virtual agent.

Study Objectives: To explore the effect of sleep regularity on sleep complaints and mental health conditions (i.e. insomnia, fatigue, anxiety, and depressive symptoms) in a population-based interventional study using a smartphone-based virtual agent.

The Craving-Manager smartphone app designed to diagnose substance use/addictive disorders, and manage craving and individual predictors of relapse: a study protocol for a multicenter randomized controlled trial.

Background: The rate of individuals with addiction who are currently treated are low, and this can be explained by barriers such as stigma, desire to cope alone, and difficulty to access treatment. These barriers could be overcome by mobile technologies. EMI (Ecological Momentary Intervention) is a treatment procedure characterized by the delivery of interventions (messages on smartphones) to people in their daily lives.

Exposure to Disinfectants and Cleaning Products and Respiratory Health of Workers and Children in Daycares: The CRESPI Cohort Protocol.

Although cleaning tasks are frequently performed in daycare, no study has focused on exposures in daycares in relation to respiratory health. The CRESPI cohort is an epidemiological study among workers (n~320) and children (n~540) attending daycares. The purpose is to examine the impact of daycare exposures to disinfectants and cleaning products (DCP) on the respiratory health of workers and children.

TNFα Activates the Liver X Receptor Signaling Pathway and Promotes Cholesterol Efflux from Human Brain Pericytes Independently of .

Neuroinflammation and brain lipid imbalances are observed in Alzheimer's disease (AD). Tumor necrosis factor-α (TNFα) and the liver X receptor () signaling pathways are involved in both processes. However, limited information is currently available regarding their relationships in human brain pericytes (HBP) of the neurovascular unit.

TNF-α and IL-1β Modulate Blood-Brain Barrier Permeability and Decrease Amyloid-β Peptide Efflux in a Human Blood-Brain Barrier Model.

The blood-brain barrier (BBB) is a selective barrier and a functional gatekeeper for the central nervous system (CNS), essential for maintaining brain homeostasis. The BBB is composed of specialized brain endothelial cells (BECs) lining the brain capillaries. The tight junctions formed by BECs regulate paracellular transport, whereas transcellular transport is regulated by specialized transporters, pumps and receptors.

Efficacy of a Smartphone-Based Virtual Companion to Treat Insomniac Complaints in the General Population: Sleep Diary Monitoring Versus an Internet Autonomous Intervention.

(1) Background: Insomnia is the most prevalent sleep disorder worldwide and cognitive behavioral therapy is the front-line treatment. Digital health technologies have a role to play in screening and delivering interventions remotely and without the need for human intervention. The KANOPEE app, which provides a screening and behavioral intervention for insomnia symptoms through an interaction with a virtual agent, showed encouraging results in previous studies during and after the COVID-19 lockdown, but has not yet been evaluated in a controlled study.

Supervised Physical Activity Quickly Improves Social Dimension of Quality of Life in Breast Cancer Patients.

Purpose: The objectives of the present study was to evaluate the implementation of the program in real life and the evolution of the quality of life (QoL) in breast cancer patients after 3 months of supervised PA in real life and to determine the factors associated with changes in various QoL dimensions.

Methods: This prospective cohort study was carried out in female patients with breast cancer diagnosed within a maximum of 3 yr. QoL and physical exertion intensity during the supervised physical activity (PA) sessions were assessed by the Quality of Life Questionnaire for Cancer and Borg scale, respectively.

Association between household cleaning product profiles evaluated by the Ménag'Score index and asthma symptoms among women from the SEPAGES cohort.

Objective: Considering household disinfectants and cleaning products (HDCP) as mixture of ingredients, rather than each ingredient individually, might help in characterizing their role in asthma. We investigated the association between HDCP and asthma, using the recently developed Ménag'Score, a health risk assessment score based on exhaustive ingredient lists of HDCP.

Methods: The study is based on 103 female volunteers of the SEPAGES cohort (2014-2019), with repeated data (up to 3 collection times, 200 observations).

Treatment of anger problems in previously deployed post-911 veterans: A randomized controlled trial.

Background: Problems with anger and aggression affect many veterans who have deployed to a warzone, resulting in serious impairment in multiple aspects of functioning. Controlled studies are needed to improve treatment options for these veterans. This randomized controlled trial compared an individually delivered cognitive behavioral therapy adapted from Novaco's Anger Control Therapy to a manualized supportive therapy to control for common therapeutic factors.

Smartphone-based virtual agents and insomnia management: A proof-of-concept study for new methods of autonomous screening and management of insomnia symptoms in the general population.

Insomnia is the most frequent sleep disorder, and the COVID-19 crisis has massively increased its prevalence in the population, due to psychosocial stress or direct viral contamination. KANOPEE_2 is a smartphone-based application that provides interactions with a virtual agent to autonomously screen and alleviate insomnia symptoms through an intervention programme giving personalized advices regarding sleep hygiene, relaxation techniques and stimulus-control. In this proof-of-concept study, we tested the effects of KANOPEE_2 among users from all over the country (France) who downloaded the app between 1 June and 26 October 2020 (to focus on effects after the end of COVID-19 confinement).

Effectiveness and Acceptance of a Smartphone-Based Virtual Agent Screening for Alcohol and Tobacco Problems and Associated Risk Factors During COVID-19 Pandemic in the General Population.

During the current COVID-19 pandemic, alcohol, and tobacco are the most available substances for managing stress and can induce a risk of addiction. KANOPEE is a smartphone application available to the general population using an embodied conversational agent (ECA) to screen for experiences of problems with alcohol/tobacco use and to provide follow-up tools for brief intervention. This study aimed to determine if the smartphone KANOPEE application could identify people at risk for alcohol and/or tobacco use disorders in the context of the current COVID-19 pandemic, to assess adherence to a 7-day follow-up use diary, and to evaluate trust and acceptance of the application.

Comparison of a Barcode-Based Smartphone Application to a Questionnaire to Assess the Use of Cleaning Products at Home and Their Association with Asthma Symptoms.

Household disinfectant and cleaning products (HDCPs) assessment is challenging in epidemiological research. We hypothesized that a newly-developed smartphone application was more objective than questionnaires in assessing HDCPs. Therefore, we aimed to compare both methods, in terms of exposure assessments and respiratory health effects estimates.

Evaluation of a human iPSC-derived BBB model for repeated dose toxicity testing with cyclosporine A as model compound.

The blood-brain barrier (BBB) is a highly restrictive barrier that preserves central nervous system homeostasis and ensures optimal brain functioning. Using BBB cell assays makes it possible to investigate whether a compound is likely to compromise BBBs functionality, thereby probably resulting in neurotoxicity. Recently, several protocols to obtain human brain-like endothelial cells (BLECs) from induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) have been reported.

Time-Dependent Internalization of Polymer-Coated Silica Nanoparticles in Brain Endothelial Cells and Morphological and Functional Effects on the Blood-Brain Barrier.

Nanoparticle (NP)-assisted procedures including laser tissue soldering (LTS) offer advantages compared to conventional microsuturing, especially in the brain. In this study, effects of polymer-coated silica NPs used in LTS were investigated in human brain endothelial cells (ECs) and blood-brain barrier models. In the co-culture setting with ECs and pericytes, only the cell type directly exposed to NPs displayed a time-dependent internalization.