Effect of the Basilar Invagination (Type B) on Cervical Spine: A Case-control Study with MRI.

Objective: To evaluate the effect of the basilar invagination (BI) type B on cervical spine.

Methods: The research protocol used head magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) exams from 41 participants with BI type B and 158 controls. The criterion for BI was the distance of the odontoid apex to Chamberlain's line (DOCL) equal to or greater than 7 mm.

Are Chiari Malformation and Basilar Invagination Associated with Jugular Foramen Stenosis?

Objective: We compared the diameter of the jugular foramen (JF) between normal individuals and those with a diagnosis of craniovertebral junction abnormalities, such as Chiari malformation type I (CMI) and/or basilar invagination (BI).

Methods: This cross-sectional analytical study measured the diameter of the right and left JF on magnetic resonance imaging scans of patients divided into 4 groups: 68 with combined CMI and BI (CMI+BI), 42 with isolated BI, 45 with isolated CMI, and 102 control cases. The t test determined sex differences, and univariate analysis of variance with Tukey's post hoc test assessed JF differences between groups.

Anatomical Implications of Chiari I and Basilar Invagination (Type B) in the IV Ventricle and Cisterna Magna.

Objective: To analyze the anatomical changes of the IV ventricle and cisterna magna in the Chiari malformation I (CMI) and basilar invagination (type B).

Methods: This is a controlled study with 161 exams of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of adults grouped into control (n = 37), basilar invagination (BI; n = 31), Chiari malformation I (CMI; n = 37), and CMI+BI (n = 56). The MRIs were analyzed using the visualization software Osirix (Pixmeo, Bernex, Geneva, version 3.

Reliability and Agreement in the Cerebellar Tonsil Tip Localization: Two Methods Using the McRae Line Concept in MRI.

Background: The cerebellar tonsil tip position (TP) is a common parameter used for the radiologic diagnosis of Chiari malformation type 1 (CM1). However, these paramedian structures are usually not properly visualized in the midsagittal section. Such mismatch may be a source of bias in TP measurements based on the McRae line (ML) traced between median craniometric points.

Investigating Type B Basilar Invagination Through Cephalic Indices.

Objective: We sought to compare the diagnostic accuracy of cephalic indices for type B basilar invagination (BI).

Methods: This retrospective study examined head and neck magnetic resonance imaging sequences of 31 Group B BI cases and 96 controls. Two examiners blinded to diagnostic data evaluated the cephalic indices of each magnetic resonance imaging sequence, described as width/length (WLI) and height/width (HWI).

Foramen Magnum Angle: A New Parameter for Basilar Invagination of Type B.

Objective: To describe the foramen magnum angle (FMA) as a new parameter for basilar invagination (BI) type B.

Methods: The FMA was performed on sagittal slice of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) as a line from the hard palate to the opisthion (angle vertex), and another line from the opisthion to the basion. The MRIs from 31 participants with BI type B and 96 controls were used.

Craniometric parameters for the evaluation of platybasia and basilar invagination on magnetic resonance imaging: a reproducibility study.

Objective: The present study aims to perform a reproducibility study of the clivus-canal angle (CCA), Welcker's basal angle (WBA), and the distance from the odontoid process to Chamberlain's line (DOCL) on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).

Materials And Methods: Two medical students and two radiologists respectively evaluated 100 and 50 consecutive MRI scans of adult skulls, selected randomly. Each examiner, working independently and blinded to the previous results, performed readings for each patient on two different occasions.

Localizing the Primary Motor Cortex of the Hand by the 10-5 and 10-20 Systems for Neurostimulation: An MRI Study.

. The primary motor cortex of the hand (M1-Hand) is a target used in transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) and in transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) for the treatment and evaluation of motor neurological diseases. Magnetic resonance imaging-guided neuronavigation locates the M1-Hand with high precision, but at a high cost.

Is Basilar Invagination Related with Stenosis of the Hypoglossal Nerve Canal?

Objective: To analyze the association between basilar invagination (BI) and stenosis in the hypoglossal canal (HC).

Methods: A case-control study with magnetic resonance images (MRIs) of the head from a local database was performed. The study used MRIs of 31 patients with BI (type B) and 36 controls, both groups over 18 years of age and without sex distinction.

Towards an Information Infrastructure for Medical Image Sharing.

Information infrastructures involve the notion of a shared, open infrastructure, constituting a space where people, organizations, and technical components associate to develop an activity. The current infrastructure for medical image sharing, based on PACS/DICOM technologies, does not constitute an information infrastructure since it is limited in its ability to share in a scalable, comprehensive, and secure manner. This paper proposes the DICOMFlow, a decentralized, distributed infrastructure model that aims to foment the formation of an information infrastructure in order to share medical images and teleradiology.

Diagnostic accuracy of classical radiological measurements for basilar invagination of type B at MRI.

Objective: To evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of classical measurements for basilar invagination (BI) of type B at MRI.

Methods: This study used head MRIs from 31 participants with BI type B and 96 controls. The radiological criterion for BI was the odontoid process invagination using the obex as reference.

Relationship between basilar invagination and brachycephaly in Northeastern Brazil.

Background: Basilar invagination (BI) is an abnormality characterized by a superior projection at the craniovertebral junction (CVJ). The high prevalence of BI in Northeastern Brazil associated with brachycephaly, which is measured by the cranial index (CI), has been widely reported by several neurosurgeons and radiologists from that region since the 1950s. However, strong evidence for this relationship is still pending.

Multidetector computed tomography angiography of the renal arteries: normal anatomy and its variations.

Conventional angiography is still considered the gold standard for the study of the anatomy and of vascular diseases of the abdomen. However, the advent of multidetector computed tomography and techniques of digital image reconstruction has provided an alternative means of performing angiography, without the risks inherent to invasive angiographic examinations. Therefore, within the field of radiology, there is an ever-increasing demand for deeper knowledge of the anatomy of the regional vasculature and its variations.

Multidetector computed tomography angiography of the celiac trunk and hepatic arterial system: normal anatomy and main variants.

Although digital angiography remains as the gold standard for imaging the celiac arterial trunk and hepatic arteries, multidetector computed tomography in association with digital images processing by software resources represents a useful tool particularly attractive for its non invasiveness. Knowledge of normal anatomy as well as of its variations is helpful in images interpretation and to address surgical planning on a case-by-case basis. The present essay illustrates several types of anatomical variations of celiac trunk, hepatic artery and its main branches, by means of digitally reconstructed computed tomography images, correlating their prevalence in the population with surgical implications.

Anatomical variations of the celiac trunk and hepatic arterial system: an analysis using multidetector computed tomography angiography.

Objective: To analyze the prevalence of anatomical variations of celiac arterial trunk (CAT) branches and hepatic arterial system (HAS), as well as the CAT diameter, length and distance to the superior mesenteric artery.

Materials And Methods: Retrospective, cross-sectional and predominantly descriptive study based on the analysis of multidetector computed tomography images of 60 patients.

Results: The celiac trunk anatomy was normal in 90% of cases.

Clinical progression of incidental tomographic findings in paranasal sinuses of asymptomatic individuals: cohort study.

Objective: To determine whether the presence of opacification in the paranasal sinuses of children and adolescents without rhinosinusitis implies an increased risk of later development of upper respiratory tract symptoms.

Methods: This was a prospective study of a cohort of patients aged 0 to 18 years who underwent computerized tomography (CT) scans for indications unrelated to rhinosinusitis. Sinus opacification was evaluated using an opacification/development ratio score.

A new score for tomographic opacification of paranasal sinuses in children.

Unlabelled: Many score methods have been created to measure paranasal sinus abnormalities seen under CT scan. Currently, the Lund-Mackay staging system is widely accepted. However, its results may be affected by the development in children.