Food regulations: low FODMAP labeling and communication goals.

There is growing clinical evidence in support of a diet for irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) that is low in fermentable oligosaccharides, disaccharides, monosaccharides and polyols (FODMAP). This low FODMAP diet is gaining acceptance globally among clinicians and IBS sufferers alike. However, there is disparity concerning the success rates of the FODMAP diet between patients, which can be attributed to differences in the recommended diet itself and to adherence issues.

Effects of orally administered Lactobacillus casei DN-114 001 on the composition or activities of the dominant faecal microbiota in healthy humans.

The composition and activities of the faecal microbiota in twelve healthy subjects analysed in a single open study were monitored before (1-week baseline step), during (10 d supplementation step) and after (10 d follow-up step) the ingestion of a fermented milk containing Lactobacillus casei DN-114 001. Fluorescent in situ hybridisation with group-specific DNA probes, real-time PCR using L. paracasei group-specific primers and temporal temperature gradient gel electrophoresis (TTGE) using group-specific primers were carried out, together with bacterial enzyme activity and metabolite analyses to monitor the structure and activities of the faecal microbiota.

High dietary iron and copper and risk of colorectal cancer: a case-control study in Burgundy, France.

Several hypotheses have been proposed for colorectal carcinogenesis, including formation of free radicals. A case-control study compared nutrient intake in 171 colorectal cancer cases versus 309 general population controls, using a detailed face-to-face food history questionnaire. A food composition table enabled us to determine the mean composition of the diet in macro- and micronutrients.

Fecal primary bile acids and serum cholesterol are associated with colorectal adenomas.

In order to identify biomarkers of colorectal tumors, 20 subjects with colorectal adenomas were compared with 20 controls as regards fecal parameters (pH, short-chain fatty acids, bile acids, and sterols), blood parameters (bile acids, cholesterol, triglycerides, glycemia and insulinemia), and rectal cell proliferation. Variables were compared by unconditional logistic regression, controlling for gender. There were significant and positive associations between risk of adenoma and total fecal primary bile acids and serum cholesterol, with odds ratios for the third versus first tertile = 9.

Foods as risk factors for colorectal adenomas: a case-control study in Burgundy (France).

Foods associated with precancerous colorectal adenoma, especially those associated with large adenomas, are poorly understood. We compared food intake in polyp-free controls (n = 427) with small adenoma (n = 154) or large adenoma (n = 208) cases in Burgundy (France). Logistic regression models controlled for age, gender, and energy.