Rivers and landscape ecology of a plant virus, Rice yellow mottle virus along the Niger Valley.

To investigate the spread of (RYMV) along the Niger River, regular sampling of virus isolates was conducted along 500 km of the Niger Valley in the Republic of Niger and was complemented by additional sampling in neighbouring countries in West Africa and Central Africa. The spread of RYMV into and within the Republic of Niger was inferred as a continuous process using a Bayesian statistical framework applied previously to reconstruct its dispersal history in West Africa, East Africa, and Madagascar. The spatial resolution along this section of the Niger River was the highest implemented for RYMV and possibly for any plant virus.

The Challenge of Improving Soil Fertility in Yam Cropping Systems of West Africa.

Yam ( spp.) is a tuber crop grown for food security, income generation, and traditional medicine. This crop has a high cultural value for some of the groups growing it.

Bell pepper endornavirus: molecular and biological properties, and occurrence in the genus Capsicum.

Bell peppers (Capsicum annuum) harbour a large dsRNA virus. The linear genome (14.7 kbp) of two isolates from Japanese and USA bell pepper cultivars were completely sequenced and compared.

The adaptation of Rice yellow mottle virus to the eIF(iso)4G-mediated rice resistance.

The rymv1-3 allele of the eIF(iso)4G-mediated resistance to Rice yellow mottle virus (RYMV) is found in a few Oryza glaberrima cultivars. The same resistance-breaking (RB) mutations emerged in the central domain of the VPg after inoculation of isolates of different strains. The RB mutations were fixed, often sequentially, at codons 41 and 52 which paralleled an increase in virus accumulation.

Identification of a second major resistance gene to Rice yellow mottle virus, RYMV2, in the African cultivated rice species, O. glaberrima.

Rice yellow mottle virus (RYMV) is the most damaging rice-infecting virus in Africa. However, few sources of high resistance and only a single major resistance gene, RYMV1, are known to date. We screened a large representative collection of African cultivated rice (Oryza glaberrima) for RYMV resistance.

[In vitro activity of different fungicides on the growth in Mycosphaerella fijiensis var. difformis Stover and Dickson, Cladosporium musae Morelet and Deightoniella torulosa (Syd.) Ellis, isolated parasites of the banana phyllosphere in the Ivory Coast].

In Côte-d'Ivoire, banana leaf surfaces are attacked by Mycosphaerella fijiensis var. difformis, Cladosporium musae, and Deigthonielle torulosa. Control is based on fungicides recommanded for Mycosphaerella fijiensis.