Evaluation of the effect of sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitor treatment on choroidal vascular parameters in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Background: To evaluate the effect of sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitor treatment on choroidal vascular parameters in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).

Methods: Twenty eyes of 20 patients with T2DM without diabetic retinopathy and 20 eyes of 20 age- and sex-matched patients as the control group were included in the study. The patients were evaluated using enhanced depth imaging optic coherence tomography before treatment and at the third month of treatment.

Comparison of the Effects of Phacoemulsıfıcatıon and Dexamethasone Implantation in the Same Session with Other Phakic Conditions.

Objectives: The objective of the study is to evaluate anatomical and functional results such as best corrected visual acuity (BCVA), central macular thickness (CMT), and intraocular pressure (IOP) in patients who received intravitreal dexamethasone (DEX) implant for diabetic macular edema (DME), and to compare the efficacy according to patients' lens status and concurrent phacoemulsification surgery.

Methods: A total of 70 eyes of 55 patients with DME who received intravitreal DEX implantation were included in this retrospective study. Patients who received intravitreal DEX implantation were divided into three groups phaco-DEX (group 1), pseudophakic (group 2), and phakic (group 3).

Müller Muscle-Conjunctival Resection for Treatment of Contralateral Ptosis following Unilateral External Levator Advancement.

Background: One of the main causes of unsatisfactory outcomes after unilateral blepharoptosis surgery is asymmetry of the upper eyelid height, which occurs as a result of a contralateral eyelid droop. Therefore, the authors evaluated the efficacy of Müller muscle-conjunctival resection (MMCR) for the treatment of contralateral ptosis following unilateral external levator advancement (ELA).

Methods: This study analyzed 26 eyelids of 26 patients with upper eyelid height asymmetry following unilateral ELA who underwent contralateral MMCR retrospectively.

Anterior Corneal High-order Aberrations in Fuchs' Endothelial Corneal Dystrophy Classified by Scheimpflug Tomography.

Significance: Visual acuity may be limited after endothelial keratoplasty in Fuchs' endothelial corneal dystrophy. This may be due to increased anterior high-order aberrations that persist after endothelial keratoplasty. It is not clear at what stage these aberrations begin.

Neurobrucellosis Manifesting as an Altitudinal Visual Field Defect.

Brucellosis is a zoonotic disease with a wide range of ophthalmic manifestations, including optic neuritis. It is most commonly caused by the consumption of raw or unpasteurised dairy products. We report a case of a 43-year male patient with an altitudinal visual field defect and unilateral optic neuritis caused by Brucella.

Evaluation of Sudden Visual Loss and Central 10-Degree Visual Field Change Following Glaucoma Surgery in Severe and End-Stage Eyes.

Objectives: The purpose of the study was to evaluate the sudden visual loss and central 10-degree visual field (VF) change following glaucoma surgery in eyes with severe and end-stage glaucoma.

Methods: This was a single-center retrospective study. The charts of patients with severe and end-stage glaucoma who had undergone trabeculectomy and Ahmed glaucoma valve (AGV) implantation surgery were reviewed.

Effect of bariatric surgery on macular and peripapillary choroidal structures in young patients with morbid obesity.

Objective: To examine the effect of bariatric surgery on the macular and peripapillary choroid in the late postoperative period in young patients with morbid obesity and compare them with a healthy control group.

Methods: This prospective controlled study included 50 eyes of 25 young patients with morbid obesity and 50 eyes of 25 age and sex-matched healthy controls. Sleeve gastrectomy was performed on all patients with obesity.

A Case of Foveoschisis Associated with Ornithine Aminotransferase Deficiency and Gyrate Atrophy.

Gyrate atrophy is a metabolic disorder characterised by typical progressive circular chorioretinal atrophy, myopia and early developmental cataract. The disease is caused by deficiency of ornithine aminotransferase (OAT) enzyme. Although OAT is expressed in most tissues of the body, but the main target of the disease appears to be the retina.

Comparison of Choroidal Vascularity Index in Patients with Pseudoexfoliation Glaucoma, Pseudoexfoliation Syndrome, and Healthy Controls.

Purpose: To compare peripapillary choroidal vascularity index (CVI) parameters in pseudoexfoliation glaucoma (PEG), pseudoexfoliation (PEX) syndrome, and healthy controls.

Methods: A total of 240 eyes of 240 patients were included in this cross-sectional prospective study, and the three groups consisted of (i) 80 eyes of 80 patients with PEG, (ii) 80 eyes of 80 patients with PEX syndrome, and (iii) 80 healthy control eyes. Peripapillary enhanced depth imaging optical coherence tomography images were binarized via standard protocols with the ImageJ software.

Sarcoidosis Presenting with Bilateral Optic Disc Edema as the Initial Presentation.

Sarcoidosis is a chronic, progressive, granulomatous inflammatory disease of unknown etiology that affects multiple organ systems. Granulomatous anterior uveitis is the most common eye finding, and optic nerve involvement at presentation is rarely seen. Here, we report a 43-year man referred to our clinic with eye pain, decreased vision, floaters and bilateral papillitis, vitritis and cystoid macular edema.

In vivo analysis of choroidal vascularity index changes in eyes with Fuchs uveitis syndrome.

Background: This study aimed to investigate changes in the choroidal vascularity index (CVI) in eyes with Fuchs uveitis syndrome (FUS) and determine the effect of heterochromia on choroidal vascularity using binarisation of enhanced-depth imaging (EDI)-optical coherence tomography (OCT) images.

Methods: The study included the affected eyes (FEs) and unaffected fellow eyes (NFEs) of 24 patients with unilateral FUS and the eyes of 30 healthy controls (HCs). The subfoveal total choroidal area (TCA) and the luminal area (LA) were determined by binarised EDI-OCT images using Image J software (National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD).

Evaluation of the Quality, Reliability, and Educational Content of YouTube Videos as an Information Source for Soft Contact Lenses.

Objectives: To evaluate the quality, reliability, and educational content of YouTube videos related to soft contact lenses (CL).

Methods: An online YouTube search was performed for the terms contact lens and other common CL-related terms contact lens insertion and removal, contact lens wearing, and contact lens care. The first 50 videos were evaluated for each term.

The effect of optic neuritis attacks on choroidal vascularity index in patients with multiple sclerosis.

Purpose: To investigate the changes in the choroidal vascularity index (CVI) of patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) using binarization on enhanced depth imaging optical coherence tomography (EDI-OCT) images and to evaluate the effect of optic neuritis (ON) attacks on these measurements.

Method: Three groups were created by including forty eyes of 20 patients diagnosed with relapsing-remitting MS and had a unilateral history of ON attack and the randomly selected eyes of 30 healthy age- and sex-matched control subjects. Group 1 (n = 20) consisted of the ON-affected eyes of the MS patients (MSON); group 2 (n = 20) included their fellow healthy eyes (MSNON); group 3 (n = 30) included the eyes of healthy controls.

Retinal and choroidal vascularity changes in healthcare professionals wearing FFP3 respirators.

Purpose: To evaluate short-term retinal and choroidal vascularity changes in the healthcare professionals after four hours of use filtering facepiece respirators (FFR).

Materials And Methods: This prospective study included 20 healthcare professionals. Oxygen saturation, pulse rate, systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), mean arterial pressure (MAP), mean ocular perfusion pressure (MOPP), and spectral domain optical coherence tomography (OCT) imaging were evaluated at baseline and after four hours wearing of FFP3 FFRs without an exhalation valve.

Evaluation of Lamina Cribrosa by Using Enhanced Depth Imaging Optical Coherence Tomography in Ocular Sarcoidosis during Quiescent Phase.

Significance: Enhanced depth imaging optical coherence tomography is a useful method to allow for the evaluation of deep ocular structures, such as choroid and lamina cribrosa (LC), which are affected by ocular diseases. We hypothesized that choroidal and optic nerve inflammation in patients with ocular sarcoidosis (OS) might affect the LC structure.

Purpose: This study aimed to evaluate changes in the LC and anterior LC depth (ALCD) in patients with OS.

Effect of migraine attack on pupil size, accommodation and ocular aberrations.

Purpose: To evaluate the pupil size, accommodation, and ocular higher-order aberrations (HOAs) in patients with migraine during migraine attacks and compare them with interictal period and healthy controls.

Methods: This prospective, case-control study included 48 eyes of 24 patients with migraine and 48 eyes of 24 age and sex-matched healthy controls. Measurements were performed using a Hartmann Shack aberrometer.

Analysis of the quality, reliability, and popularity of information on strabismus on YouTube.

To evaluate the quality, reliability, and popularity of YouTube videos addressing strabismus. This is a retrospective, cross-sectional, register-based study. A search was performed using the keywords "strabismus," "squint," "eye squint," and "crossed eye" on YouTube, and the first 50 videos for each keyword were analyzed.

Quantitative analysis of inner retinal structural and microvascular alterations in intermediate age-related macular degeneration: A swept-source OCT angiography study.

Purpose: To investigate the structural and microvascular alterations of the inner retinal layers in patients with intermediate age-related macular degeneration (iAMD), and determine an association between structural and microvascular parameters.

Methods: In this prospective study, 58 eyes of iAMD patients and 64 age and sex-matched control eyes were enrolled. Participants underwent spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (OCT) and swept-source OCT angiography (OCTA) imaging.

The correlation of radial peripapillary capillary density measurements with optic nerve head morphology and retinal nerve fiber layer thickness in healthy eyes.

Background: To investigate the association between radial peripapillary capillary plexus (RPC) density and optic nerve head morphology in healthy eyes using optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA).

Methods: One hundred twenty-seven eyes of 64 volunteers were included in the study. The retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness and optic nerve head (ONH) parameters were measured using Cirrus 5000 HD OCT with Angioplex angiography.

Immediate changes in blood pressure during intravitreal anti-VEGF agents' applications in exudative age-related macular degeneration patients.

Purpose: To determine the short-term changes in systemic arterial blood pressure (SABP) during intravitreal anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (anti-VEGF) injection in patients with exudative age-related macular degeneration (ARMD).

Materials And Methods: This study retrospectively reviewed the data of 550 patients with exudative ARMD, who received intravitreal anti-VEGF (bevacizumab or ranibizumab; selected randomly) injections. Patients with hypertension on medication with antihypertensive drugs were assigned to the hypertension group (HTG; n = 278); those with normal blood pressure and not on antihypertensive drugs were assigned to the normotensive group (NTG; n = 272).

Evaluation of changes in choroidal vascularity during acute anterior uveitis attack in patients with ankylosing spondylitis by using binarization of EDI-optical coherence tomography images.

Background: To evaluate the effect of the first acute anterior uveitis (AAU) attack on the choroid by using an image binarization tool on images from enhanced depth imaging (EDI)-optical coherence tomography (OCT) scans in patients with ankylosing spondylitis (AS).

Methods: In this study, three groups were formed: uveitic eyes (UE; n = 20) of patients with AS, the non-uveitic eyes (NUE; n = 20) of these patients, and the eyes of healthy controls (n = 20). EDI-OCT images were obtained during the first AAU attack and at three months after treatment in patients with AS.

Choroidal vascularity index determined by binarization of enhanced depth imaging optical coherence tomography images in eyes with intermediate age-related macular degeneration.

Purpose: To evaluate choroidal structural changes in patients with intermediate age-related macular degeneration using choroidal vascularity index.

Methods: The eyes of patients with intermediate age-related macular degeneration and controls were evaluated with enhanced depth imaging optical coherence tomography images. Subfoveal choroidal area was segmented into luminal area and stromal area by the binarization technique on enhanced depth imaging optical coherence tomography images using ImageJ software.

Effect of Optical Coherence Tomography Patterns on One-year Outcomes of Aflibercept Therapy for Diabetic Macular Edema.

Objective: To evaluate the outcomes of aflibercept based on different morphologic patterns on optical coherence tomography (OCT) for diabetic macular edema (DME).

Study Design: Observational study.

Place And Duration Of Study: Beyoglu Eye Training and Research Hospital, Turkey from February 2016 to March 2018.