Cancer cell-specific PD-L1 expression is a predictor of poor outcome in patients with locally advanced oral cavity squamous cell carcinoma.

Background: Locally advanced oral cavity squamous cell carcinoma (OCSCC) presents a significant clinical challenge despite being partially responsive to standard treatment modalities. This study investigates the prognostic implications of programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) expression in these tumors, focusing on its association with treatment outcomes and the immune microenvironment.

Methods: We assessed tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) in 132 patients with OCSCC to evaluate their impact on survival.

Optimising Patient Outcomes in Tongue Cancer: A Multidisciplinary Approach.

A multidisciplinary approach to the management of tongue cancer is vital for achieving optimal patient outcomes. Nursing and allied health professionals play essential roles within the team. We developed symposia comprising a series of online lectures offering a detailed perspective on the role each discipline and consumer perspective has in the management of patients with tongue cancer.

The utility of magnetic resonance imaging in prostate cancer diagnosis in the Australian setting.

Objectives: To investigate the utility of Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) for prostate cancer diagnosis in the Australian setting.

Patients And Methods: All consecutive men who underwent a prostate biopsy (transperineal or transrectal) at Royal Melbourne Hospital between July 2017 to June 2019 were included, totalling 332 patients. Data were retrospectively collected from patient records.

Case Report: Neurocysticercosis Acquired in Australia.

Neurocysticercosis (NCC) is a disease caused by infection of the central nervous system with the larval stage of the tapeworm This disease is endemic in many parts of the world, including Africa, Asia, and Latin America, where animal husbandry practices are common such that pigs reared for human consumption ingest feces from humans infected with . Neurocysticercosis is rarely acquired in economically affluent regions, including North America, Central Europe, Japan, and Australasia, and in countries where pork consumption is discouraged by religious or social practices. In these countries, NCC is usually diagnosed in immigrants or returning travelers who have spent time in endemic regions.

Sensitive molecular testing methods can demonstrate NSCLC driver mutations in malignant pleural effusion despite non-malignant cytology.

Malignant pleural effusion (MPE) may be diagnosed by cytologic evaluation of pleural fluid, though false negative results can occur. Pleural effusions may provide a source of tumour material for genotyping in lung cancer patients. Detection of MPE may be improved through use of highly sensitive molecular techniques.

Evaluating the Genomic Yield of a Single Endobronchial Ultrasound-guided Transbronchial Needle Aspiration in Lung Cancer: Meeting the Challenge of Doing More With Less.

Background: Minimally invasive techniques, including endobronchial ultrasound-guided transbronchial needle aspiration (EBUS-TBNA), yield small specimens that are adequate for cytologic diagnosis of lung cancer, but also need to provide material for molecular analysis to guide treatment. The number of EBUS-TBNA passes needed for mutation testing remains unclear. We sought to assess the adequacy of a single pass for genomic profiling of actionable mutations.

Intratumorous heterogeneity for RAS mutations in a treatment-naïve colorectal tumour.

Activating mutations in and genes in patients with colorectal cancer (CRC) are associated with a lack of response to treatment with anti-epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) therapies. Mutations in these genes are thought to be mutually exclusive, however reports have described CRCs with two activating rat sarcoma (RAS) mutations. This has fuelled discussion about whether these mutations are the result of intratumorous heterogeneity, or if they are co-occurring in the same cancer cell clone.

A 10 year retrospective study of surgical outcomes of adult intracranial pilocytic astrocytoma.

Pilocytic astrocytomas (PA) are benign neoplasms commonly located in the cerebellum with a peak incidence in the first two decades of life. PA occurrence in adults is rare and very little information is available in the literature about tumour characteristics in this population. This study retrospectively identified 20 adults with PA.