Morphological evolution of upconversion nanoparticles and their biomedical signal generation.

Advancements in the fabrication of upconversion nanoparticles (UCNPs) for synthetic control can enable a broad range of applications in biomedical systems. Herein, we experimentally verified the role of the hydrothermal reaction (HR) time in the synthesis of NaYF:20%Yb/3%Er UCNPs on their morphological evolution and phase transformation at different temperatures. Characterizations of the as-prepared UCNPs were conducted using X-ray diffraction (XRD), electron microscopy and spectroscopy, and thermogravimetric and upconversion (UC) luminescence analysis.

Induction of p73beta by a naphthoquinone analog is mediated by E2F-1 and triggers apoptosis in HeLa cells.

Recently, p73 was identified as a structural and functional homolog of p53. The p73 protein activates the transcription of genes downstream of p53 and induces apoptosis when overexpressed in several cell lines, similar to the tumor suppressor p53. However, the extracellular stimuli and molecular mechanisms regulating p73 activity remain to be elucidated.