Rapid electrochemical dual-target biosensor composed of an Aptamer/MXene hybrid on Au microgap electrodes for cytokines detection.

Rapid detection methods for cytokine storm markers, such as tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) and interferon gamma (IFN-γ), are required. Herein, we describe the fabrication of a rapid electrochemical dual-target biosensor composed of aptamer/MXene (TiC) nanosheet on an Au microgap electrode. Alternating current electrothermal flow (ACEF) significantly reduced the detection time (<10 min) to achieve the rapid biosensor construction.

Fabrication of MERS-nanovesicle biosensor composed of multi-functional DNA aptamer/graphene-MoS nanocomposite based on electrochemical and surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy.

Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) is one of the most harmful viruses for humans in nowadays. To prevent the spread of MERS-CoV, a valid detection method is highly needed. For the first time, a MERS-nanovesicle (NV) biosensor composed of multi-functional DNA aptamer and graphene oxide encapsulated molybdenum disulfide (GO-MoS) hybrid nanocomposite was fabricated based on electrochemical (EC) and surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) techniques.

Fabrication of an Electrochemical Aptasensor Composed of Multifunctional DNA Three-Way Junction on Au Microgap Electrode for Interferon Gamma Detection in Human Serum.

Interferon gamma (IFN-γ) is an important cytokine with antiviral, antibacterial, and immunosuppressive properties. It has been used as a biomarker for the early detection of several diseases, including cancer, human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), tuberculosis, and paratuberculosis. In this study, we developed an electrochemical biosensor composed of multifunctional DNA 3WJ to detect IFN-γ level with high sensitivity.

Recent Advances in CRP Biosensor Based on Electrical, Electrochemical and Optical Methods.

C-reactive protein (CRP) is an acute-phase reactive protein that appears in the bloodstream in response to inflammatory cytokines such as interleukin-6 produced by adipocytes and macrophages during the acute phase of the inflammatory/infectious process. CRP measurement is widely used as a representative acute and chronic inflammatory disease marker. With the development of diagnostic techniques measuring CRP more precisely than before, CRP is being used not only as a traditional biomarker but also as a biomarker for various diseases.

Recent Development of Aptasensor for Influenza Virus Detection.

In nowadays, we have entered the new era of pandemics and the significance of virus detection deeply impacts human society. Viruses with genetic mutations are reported nearly every year, and people have prepared tools to detect the virus and vaccines to ensure proper treatments. Influenza virus (IV) is one of the most harmful viruses reporting various mutations, sub-types, and rapid infection speed for humans and animals including swine and poultry.

Cuff-Less Blood Pressure Estimation Using Pulse Waveform Analysis and Pulse Arrival Time.

Using the massive MIMIC physiological database, we tried to validate pulse wave analysis (PWA) based on multiparameters model whether it can continuously estimate blood pressure (BP) values on single site of one hand. In addition, to consider the limitation of insufficient data acquirement for home user, we used pulse arrival time (PAT) driven BP information to determine the individual scale factors of the PWA-BP estimation model. Experimental results indicate that the accuracy of the average regression model has error standard deviations of  mmHg (PAT),  mmHg (PWA) for SBP and  mmHg (PAT),  mmHg (PWA) for DBP on 23 subjects over a 1 day period.

Estimation of Thermal Sensation Based on Wrist Skin Temperatures.

Thermal comfort is an essential environmental factor related to quality of life and work effectiveness. We assessed the feasibility of wrist skin temperature monitoring for estimating subjective thermal sensation. We invented a wrist band that simultaneously monitors skin temperatures from the wrist (i.

Smartphone-Based Urine Reagent Strip Test in the Emergency Department.

Background: Although a smartphone could be used for a urine reagent strip test, few studies have reported on the reliability of the test in a clinical setting. The objective of our study was to access the smartphone-based urine reagent strip test in the clinical emergency department (ED).

Materials And Methods: We developed a smartphone-based urine reagent strip reader for a rapid and accurate screening of leukocyte esterase (LE) and nitrite (NIT) in urine.

A grip force model for the da Vinci end-effector to predict a compensation force.

A torque transfer system (TTS) that measures grip forces is developed to resolve a potential drawback of the current da Vinci robot system whose grip forces vary according to the different postures of its EndoWrist. A preliminary model of EndoWrist Inner Mechanism Model (EIMM) is also developed and validated with real grip force measurements. EndoWrist's grip forces, posture angles, and transferred torque are measured by using TTS.

A study on the development of a robot-assisted automatic laser hair removal system.

Unlabelled: Abstract Background and Objective: The robot-assisted automatic laser hair removal (LHR) system is developed to automatically detect any arbitrary shape of the desired LHR treatment area and to provide uniform laser irradiation to the designated skin area.

Methods: For uniform delivery of laser energy, a unit of a commercial LHR device, a laser distance sensor, and a high-resolution webcam are attached at the six axis industrial robot's end-effector, which can be easily controlled using a graphical user interface (GUI). During the treatment, the system provides real-time treatment progress as well as the total number of "pick and place" automatically.

Pneumatic-type surgical robot end-effector for laparoscopic surgical-operation-by-wire.

Background: Although minimally invasive surgery (MIS) affords several advantages compared to conventional open surgery, robotic MIS systems still have many limitations. One of the limitations is the non-uniform gripping force due to mechanical strings of the existing systems. To overcome this limitation, a surgical instrument with a pneumatic gripping system consisting of a compressor, catheter balloon, micro motor, and other parts is developed.

Tool to visualize and evaluate operator proficiency in laser hair-removal treatments.

Background: The uniform delivery of laser energy is particularly important for safe and effective laser hair removal (LHR) treatment. Although it is necessary to quantitatively assess the spatial distribution of the delivered laser, laser spots are difficult to trace owing to a lack of visual cues. This study proposes a novel preclinic tool to evaluate operator proficiency in LHR treatment and applies this tool to train novice operators and compare two different treatment techniques (sliding versus spot-by-spot).

Influence of the washing program on the blood processing performance of a continuous autotransfusion device.

The continuous autotransfusion system has been widely used in surgical operations. It is known that if oil is added to blood, and this mixture is then processed by an autotransfusion device, the added oil is removed and reinfusion of fat is prevented by the device. However, there is no detailed report on the influence of the particular washing program selected on the levels of blood components including blood fat after continuous autotransfusion using such a system.