Pro-Hemorrhagic Cerebral Autosomal Dominant Arteriopathy with Subcortical Infarcts and Leukoencephalopathy Associated with NOTCH3 p.R75P Mutation with Low Vascular NOTCH3 Aggregation Property.

Objectives: Intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) and cerebral microbleeds (CMB) in cerebral autosomal dominant arteriopathy with subcortical infarcts and leukoencephalopathy are more common in East Asian populations than in people of white European ancestry. We hypothesized that the ethnic difference is explained by the East Asian-specific NOTCH3 p.R75P mutation.

A Method of Generating Real-Time Natural Light Color Temperature Cycle for Circadian Lighting Service.

The light intensity and color temperature of natural light periodically change and promote the circadian entrainment of the human body. In addition, the color temperature cycle of natural light that is unique to each region is formed by its location and geographic and environmental factors, affecting the health of its residents. Research on lighting and construction to provide the color temperature of real-time natural light has continued to provide the beneficial effect of natural indoor lighting.

Multi-Stage Temporal Convolutional Network with Moment Loss and Positional Encoding for Surgical Phase Recognition.

In recent times, many studies concerning surgical video analysis are being conducted due to its growing importance in many medical applications. In particular, it is very important to be able to recognize the current surgical phase because the phase information can be utilized in various ways both during and after surgery. This paper proposes an efficient phase recognition network, called MomentNet, for cholecystectomy endoscopic videos.

TadGAN-Based Daily Color Temperature Cycle Generation Corresponding to Irregular Changes of Natural Light.

This study to develop lighting is advanced for reproducing natural light color temperature beneficial to humans. Methods were introduced to provide daily color temperature cycles through formulas based on the measured natural light characteristics or real-time reproduction of natural light color temperature linking sensors. Analysis results for the measured natural light showed that irregular color temperature cycles were observed for more than 90% of the year due to the influence of regional weather and atmospheric conditions.

Optimization of Edge Resources for Deep Learning Application with Batch and Model Management.

As deep learning technology paves its way, real-world applications that make use of it become popular these days. Edge computing architecture is one of the service architectures to realize the deep learning based service, which makes use of the resources near the data source or client. In Edge computing architecture it becomes important to manage resource usage, and there is research on optimization of deep learning, such as pruning or binarization, which makes deep learning models more lightweight, along with the research for the efficient distribution of workloads on cloud or edge resources.

A DNN-Based UVI Calculation Method Using Representative Color Information of Sun Object Images.

As outdoor activities are necessary for maintaining our health, research interest in environmental conditions such as the weather, atmosphere, and ultraviolet (UV) radiation is increasing. In particular, UV radiation, which can benefit or harm the human body depending on the degree of exposure, is recognized as an essential environmental factor that needs to be identified. However, unlike the weather and atmospheric conditions, which can be identified to some extent by the naked eye, UV radiation corresponds to wavelength bands that humans cannot recognize; hence, the intensity of UV radiation cannot be measured.

Advanced Organic Transistor-Based Sensors Utilizing a Solvatochromic Medium with Twisted Intramolecular Charge-Transfer Behavior and Its Application to Ammonia Gas Detection.

Here, we designed and developed an organic field-effect transistor (OFET)-based gas sensor by applying solvatochromic dye (Nile red, NR) with twisted intramolecular charge-transfer (TICT) behavior depending on the polarity of the surrounding molecules, as an auxiliary NR sensing medium (aNR-SM). As a polar molecule approaches, intra-charge transfers from the donor diethylamine group to the ketone group occur in the NR molecule, resulting in the twisting of the donor functional group and thereby increasing its dipole moment. Using this characteristic, NR was applied as an auxiliary sensing medium to the OFET for detecting ammonia (NH), a representative toxic gas.

Understanding adsorption geometry of organometallic molecules on graphite.

To comprehensively investigate the adsorption geometries of organometallic molecules on graphene, CpRu fragments as an organometallic molecule is bound on highly oriented pyrolytic graphite and imaged at atomic resolution using scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) (Cp = pentamethylcyclopentadienyl). Atomic resolution imaging through STM shows that the CpRu fragments are localized above the hollow position of the hexagonal structure, and that the first graphene layer adsorbed with the fragments on the graphite redeveloped morphologically to minimize its geometric energy. For a better understanding of the adsorption site and molecular geometry, experimental results are compared with computed calculations for the graphene surface with CpRu fragments.

Mobile Deep Learning System That Calculates UVI Using Illuminance Value of User's Location.

Ultraviolet rays are closely related with human health and, recently, optimum exposure to the UV rays has been recommended, with growing importance being placed on correct UV information. However, many countries provide UV information services at a local level, which makes it impossible for individuals to acquire user-based, accurate UV information unless individuals operate UV measurement devices with expertise on the relevant field for interpretation of the measurement results. There is a limit in measuring ultraviolet rays' information by the users at their respective locations.

Method of Calculating Short-Wavelength-Ratio-Based Color Temperature Supporting the Measurement of Real-Time Natural Light Characteristics through RGB Sensor.

The characteristics of natural light are mostly collected through specialized measuring equipment, such as a spectroradiometer, and some suggested measurement methods through a small RGB sensor. However, specialized measuring equipment presents difficulty in its high cost, and the RGB-sensor-based method has the limitation of being unable to measure the wavelength characteristics of natural light that are needed to implement lighting that supports circadian rhythms. This paper presents a method for calculating the short-wavelength-ratio-based color temperature of natural light in real time.

Omnidirectionally Stretchable Organic Transistors for Use in Wearable Electronics: Ensuring Overall Stretchability by Applying Nonstretchable Wrinkled Components.

With the emergence of wearable human interface technologies, new applications based on stretchable electronics, such as skin-attached sensors or wearable displays, must be developed. Difficulties associated with developing electronic components with the high stretchabilities required for such applications have restricted the range of appearance and utilization of cost- or process-efficient stretchable electronics. Herein, we present omnidirectionally stretchable wrinkled transistors having a shape that replicates human skin, which operates stably on deformable objects or complex surfaces.

Precise Control over Polymer Semiconducting Films by Tuning the Thermal Behavior of the Thin-Film State's Crystalline and Morphological Structures.

The crystalline and morphological structures of polymer semiconducting films were controlled by selecting appropriate thermal properties of the polymeric chains, thereby improving polymer field-effect transistor (FET) performances. Poly(dioctyl-quaterthiophene-dioctyl-bithiazole) (PDQDB), comprising 5,5'-bithiazole and oligothiophene rings, was used as the basis for the polymer semiconductor studies. The and values of the thin-film state, rather than those of the bulk polymer state, were important in this study.

Effect of drug compliance on health care costs in newly-diagnosed dementia: Analysis of nationwide population-based data.

Background: The cost-effectiveness of both cholinesterase inhibitors and memantine by delaying nursing home placement has been supported by numerous studies. The importance of sustained pharmacological treatment in dementia has been relatively less recognized by public health policies compared to early diagnosis. We investigated the effect of the drug (donepezil, rivastigmine, galantamine, and memantine) compliance on the health care costs in newly-diagnosed dementia.

Preparation and Characterization of Superabsorbent Polymers Based on Starch Aldehydes and Carboxymethyl Cellulose.

Superabsorbent polymers (SAPs) are crosslinked hydrophilic polymers that are capable of absorbing large amounts of water. Commercial SAPs are mostly produced with acrylic acid that cannot be easily biodegraded. Therefore, in this study, polysaccharide-based SAPs using carboxymethyl cellulose as a major component were prepared.

Engineering Asymmetric Charge Injection/Extraction to Optimize Organic Transistor Performances.

The introduction of an appropriate functionality on the electrode/active layer interface has been found to be an efficient methodology to enhance the electrical performances of organic field-effect transistors (OFETs). Herein, we efficiently optimized the charge injection/extraction characteristics of source/drain (S/D) electrodes by applying an asymmetric functionalization at each individual electrode/organic semiconductor (OSC) interface. To further clarify the functionalizing effects of the electrode/OSC interface, we systematically designed five different OFETs: one with pristine S/D electrodes (denoted as pristine S/D) and the remaining ones made by symmetrically or asymmetrically functionalizing the S/D electrodes with up to two different self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) based on thiolated molecules, the strongly electron-donating thiophenol (TP) and electron-withdrawing 2,3,4,5-pentafluorobenzenethiol (PFBT).

Development of a UV Index Sensor-Based Portable Measurement Device with the EUVB Ratio of Natural Light.

Ultraviolet (UV) rays are electromagnetic waves that account for about 5% of solar light, and when overexposed, they pose malevolent effects on human skin and health. However, with recent reports on the beneficial effects of some wavelength bands of UV rays, people's interest in UV information has increased. This has resulted in requiring not just simple information, such as the amount of UV or UV index (UVI), but detailed UV information that directly affects health, such as EUVB (erythemally weighted UVB).

Associated risk factors for psychological distress in patients with gastric epithelial neoplasm undergoing endoscopic submucosal dissection.

This study aimed to evaluate the psychological distress and associated risk factors for distress among patients with gastric epithelial neoplasm undergoing endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD).A total of 91 patients treated with ESD for gastric epithelial neoplasm between May 2015 and June 2016 were prospectively enrolled. Sociodemographic factors, psychological distress, anxiety, depression, stress, and associated risk factors for psychological distress were evaluated the day before ESD.

Postoperative delirium.

Delirium can be defined as an 'acute brain dysfunction.' Compared to dementia, which is a disease that deteriorates the brain function chronically, delirium shows very similar symptoms but is mostly ameliorated when the causative factors are normalized. Due to the heterogeneity in etiologies and symptoms, people including health care workers often mistake delirium for dementia or other psychiatric disorders.

Pain and anxiety and their relationship with medication doses in the intensive care unit.

Purpose: Pain and anxiety are understudied despite their importance to the general medical condition. The aim of the present study was to examine the effects of pain and anxiety and their relationship to the doses of opioids and anxiolytics administered in intensive care unit (ICU) patients.

Methods: The subjects included 1349 conscious, critically ill patients admitted to an ICU.

The Effects of a Delirium Notification Program on the Clinical Outcomes of the Intensive Care Unit: A Preliminary Pilot Study.

Background: Delirium is common among intensive care unit (ICU) patients, so recent clinical guidelines recommended routine delirium monitoring in the ICU. But, its effect on the patient's clinical outcome is still controversial. In particular, the effect of systems that inform the primary physician of the results of monitoring is largely unknown.

Changes of Lignin Molecular Structures in a Modification of Kraft Lignin Using Acid Catalyst.

The purpose of this study is to modify lignin for better blending with general purpose synthetic polymers. The possible advantages by using this modification would be cost reduction, better physical properties, and biodegradability. In this study, butyrolactone-modified lignin (BLL) and tetrahydrofuran-modified lignin (THFL) were used for aliphatic chain modification of lignin using an acid-catalyzed esterification method in order to mimic the relation of lignin-carbohydrate-complex (LCC) and cellulose.

The effects of caffeine ingestion on cortical areas: functional imaging study.

The effect of caffeine as a cognitive enhancer is well known; however, caffeine-induced changes in the cortical regions are still not very clear. Therefore, in this study, we conducted an investigation of the activation and deactivation with blood-oxygenation-level-dependent (BOLD) functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) and of metabolic activity change with positron emission tomography (PET) in the human brain. Fourteen healthy subjects performed a visuomotor task inducing attention with 3T MRI, and PET imaging was also carried out in seven subjects to determine the cerebral glucose metabolic changes of caffeine at rest.

Prognostic significance of S100A4 mRNA and protein expression in colorectal cancer.

Background And Objectives: The calcium-binding protein S100A4 promotes tumor progression and metastasis. We investigated the expression of S100A4 in colorectal cancer and its clinicopathologic significance in colorectal cancer.

Methods: A total of 526 colorectal cancer patients were examined for S100A4 protein by immunohistochemistry using tissue microarrays.

Effect of stellate ganglion block on the cerebrovascular system: magnetic resonance angiography study.

Background: Several studies have shown that stellate ganglion block (SGB) is an effective treatment for certain cerebrovascular related diseases; however, the direct effect of SGB on the cerebral vasculature is still unknown. The present study investigated the effect of SGB on the cerebral vascular system using magnetic resonance angiography.

Methods: Time-of-flight magnetic resonance angiography images of 19 healthy female volunteers (mean ages of 46.