Label-free and liquid state SERS detection of multi-scaled bioanalytes via light-induced pinpoint colloidal assembly.

Surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) has been extensively applied to detect complex analytes due to its ability to enhance the fingerprint signals of molecules around nanostructured metallic surfaces. Thus, it is essential to design SERS-active nanostructures with abundant electromagnetic hotspots in a probed volume according to the dimensions of the analytes, as the analytes must be located in their hotspots for maximum signal enhancement. Herein, we demonstrate a simple method for detecting robust SERS signals from multi-scaled bioanalytes, regardless of their dimensions in the liquid state, through a photothermally driven co-assembly with colloidal plasmonic nanoparticles as signal enhancers.

Comparative analysis of changes in retinal layer thickness following femtosecond laser-assisted cataract surgery and conventional cataract surgery.

Background: To investigate the influence of femtosecond laser-assisted cataract surgery (FLACS) on macula by examining changes in retinal layers after FLACS and to compare these changes with those after conventional cataract surgery (CCS).

Methods: This study included 113 unrelated Korean patients with age-related cataract who underwent CCS or FLACS in Severance Hospital between September 2019 and July 2021. Optical coherence tomography was performed before and 1 month after surgery.

Clinical efficacy and performance evaluation of a bendable remote robot system for a bone tumour surgery: A pilot animal study.

Background: Traditional open surgery for bone tumours sometimes has as a consequence an excessive removal of healthy bone tissue because of the limitations of rigid surgical instruments, increasing infection risk and recovery time.

Methods: We propose a remote robot with a 4.5-mm diameter bendable end-effector, offering four degrees of freedom for accessing the inside of the bone and performing tumour debridement.

Numerical Investigation of Layered Homogeneous Skull Model for Simulations of Transcranial Focused Ultrasound.

Background And Objectives: The influence of the intracranial pressure field must be discussed with the development of a single-element transducer for low-intensity transcranial focused ultrasound because the skull plays a significant role in blocking and dispersing ultrasound wave propagation. Ultrasound propagation is mainly affected by the structure and acoustic properties of the skull; thus, we aimed to investigate the impact of simplifying the acoustic properties of the skull on the simulation of the transcranial pressure field to present guidance for efficient skull modeling in full-wave simulations.

Materials And Methods: We constructed a three-dimensional computational model for ultrasound transmission with the same structure but varying acoustic properties of the skull.

Lateral Meniscal Allograft Transplantation Shows a Long-Term Chondroprotective Effect on Quantitative Magnetic Resonance Imaging T2 Mapping at 7-Year Minimum Follow-Up.

Purpose: To assess the long-term chondroprotective effect of lateral meniscal allograft transplantation (MAT) using quantitative magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) T2 mapping.

Methods: In patients who underwent isolated lateral MAT, quantitative MRI T2 mapping was conducted preoperatively and postoperatively with at minimum follow-up of 7 years to assess the articular cartilage status. On the sagittal section image bisecting the lateral femoral condyle, the weight-bearing portions of the femoral and tibial articular cartilage were divided into 3 segments each-6 segments in total-based on the meniscal coverage area.

Formation of Multiscale Pattern Structures by Combined Patterning of Nanotransfer Printing and Laser Micromachining.

Various lithography techniques have been widely used for the fabrication of next-generation device applications. Micro/nanoscale pattern structures formed by lithographic methods significantly improve the performance capabilities of the devices. Here, we introduce a novel method that combines the patterning of nanotransfer printing (nTP) and laser micromachining to fabricate multiscale pattern structures on a wide range of scales.

Lateral Distance From the Osteotomy Hinge Point to the Tibial Cortex Is Associated With Lateral Hinge Fracture Type and Fracture Occurrence Time After Medial Open-Wedge High Tibial Osteotomy.

Purpose: To verify whether the distance from the hinge point to the tibial cortex affects the occurrence time and characteristics of the lateral hinge fracture (LHF) in medial open-wedge high tibial osteotomy.

Methods: We retrospectively reviewed 171 knees in 171 patients (121 women, 50 men; mean age, 53.9 years; range, 36-67 years) who had undergone medial open-wedge high tibial osteotomy with locking plate fixation between January 2011 and December 2020.

1,2-Diphenyl--carborane and Its Chromium Derivatives: Synthesis, Characterization, X-ray Structural Studies, and Biological Evaluations.

The objective of this study is to design and synthesize substituted η-chromium(0) tricarbonyl metal complexes carrying -carborane units as potential boron neutron capture therapy (BNCT) agents. In this study, 1,2-diphenyl--carborane () units were used as starting materials to generate biologically active species. We investigated how the structural changes of substituted with chromium(0) tricarbonyl affect the biological properties, and 1-(Phenyl-η-chromium(0) tricarbonyl)-2-phenyl--carborane () and 1,2-bis(phenyl-η-chromium(0) tricarbonyl)--carborane () species were produced in moderate yields.

Artificial Intelligence-Based Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) Diagnosis Using Raman Spectroscopic Features of Plasma Exosomes.

In vitro diagnosis using biomarkers for major depressive disorder (MDD) can offer considerable advantages in overcoming the lack of objective tests for depression and treating more patients. Plasma exosomes can be novel biomarkers for MDD based on their ability to pass through the blood-brain barrier and offer brain-related information. Here, we demonstrate a novel and precise MDD diagnosis using deep learning analysis and surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) of plasma exosomes.

Effects of perspective switching and utilitarian thinking on moral judgments in a sacrificial dilemma among healthcare and non-healthcare students.

Unlabelled: During the COVID-19 pandemic, healthcare professionals have often faced moral challenges, which required them to choose between endorsing self- or other-sacrifice for the greater good. Drawing on the altruistic rationalization hypothesis and trait-activation theory, this study investigates (a) whether healthcare students' endorsement of utilitarian solutions to sacrificial moral dilemmas varies when they are confronted with the minority group, majority group, or third-person perspective on the given dilemma and (b) whether individual differences in utilitarian thinking, as measured by the Oxford Utilitarianism Scale (both instrumental harm and impartial beneficence), predict endorsement of utilitarian solutions to moral dilemmas. The study population was divided into a group of healthcare students and a group of non-healthcare students.

Activation of Anterolateral Abdominal Muscles During Sling Bridge Exercises: Comparison of Different Pelvic Positions.

Context: Inappropriate activation of the anterolateral abdominal muscles affects the stability of the lumbopelvic zone and increases the appearance of pain and lesion in the area. Therefore, ways to improve its effective contraction are crucial in rehabilitation. The aim of this study was to compare the activation of the transverse abdominis (TrA), internal oblique (IO), and external oblique (EO) muscles in 3 different pelvic positions (down pelvis [DP], horizontal pelvis [HP], and up pelvis [UP]) during sling bridge exercise (SBE) to determinate which position is more effective to promote a correct contraction of the anterolateral abdominal muscles.

Efficacy of subcutaneous vs intravenous infliximab in rheumatoid arthritis: a post-hoc analysis of a randomized phase III trial.

Objectives: The primary endpoint of the pivotal phase III study of infliximab (IFX) s.c. demonstrated non-inferiority of s.

Immediate effect of sling exercises combined with mechanic vibration and oscillation mobilization in chronic nonspecific low back pain patients: a randomized controlled trial.

Purpose: This study determined whether the combined application of sling exercises (SE) with targeted vibration and oscillations using a device called the Vibraoscillator (VO) is effective in reducing pain intensity, increasing range of motion (ROM), and enhancing back-related functions in patients with chronic nonspecific low back pain (CNLBP).

Materials And Methods: Thirty-six participants were randomized into experimental (SE + VO) and control (SE) groups. Both groups received the intervention twice a week for 4 weeks.

Lateral Meniscal Allograft Transplantation Provides a Chondroprotective Effect on Articular Cartilage: Quantitative 3-T Magnetic Resonance Imaging T2 Mapping.

Purpose: This study aimed to assess the cartilage status in patients who underwent isolated lateral meniscus allograft transplantation (MAT) using preoperative and postoperative quantitative 3-T magnetic resonance imaging T2 mapping at midterm follow-up period.

Methods: Patients who underwent lateral MAT without cartilage treatment procedures between 2010 and 2019 were assessed by quantitative magnetic resonance imaging preoperatively and postoperatively. On the sagittal section image following the center of the lateral femoral condyle, the weight-bearing area of the articular cartilage was divided into 6 segments based on the meniscal coverage area from anterior to posterior direction.

Mental health disorders are more common in patients with Hodgkin lymphoma and may negatively impact overall survival.

Background: Long-term mental health outcomes were characterized in patients who were diagnosed with Hodgkin lymphoma (HL), and risk factors for the development of mental health disorders were identified.

Methods: Patients who were diagnosed with HL between 1997 and 2014 were identified in the Utah Cancer Registry. Each patient was matched with up to five individuals from a general population cohort identified within the Utah Population Database, a unique source of linked records that includes patient and demographic data.

A Developer's Perspective on Clinical Evidence and Benefits for Rituximab Biosimilar Uptake, with a Focus on CT-P10.

To date, four rituximab biosimilars have received regulatory approval from the European Medicines Agency and/or US Food and Drug Administration. CT-P10 was the first rituximab biosimilar to be approved by each agency, in 2017 and 2018, respectively. Regulatory approval of CT-P10 followed demonstration of pharmacokinetic equivalence to the reference product in a phase I study in patients with rheumatoid arthritis.

The effect of deliberative process on the self-sacrificial decisions of utilitarian healthcare students.

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has highlighted prosocial behavior as a professional healthcare core competency. Although medical students are expected to work in the best interests of their patients, in the pandemic context, there is a greater need for ethical attention to be paid to the way medical students deal with moral dilemmas that may conflict with their obligations.

Methods: This study was conducted in the spring semester of 2019 on 271 students majoring in health professions: medicine, dentistry, and veterinary medicine.

Effects of transcranial direct current stimulation on physical and mental health in older adults with chronic musculoskeletal pain: a randomized controlled trial.

Purpose: We investigated the effects of transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) combined with physical therapy (PT) on pain levels, physical activity levels, quality of life, and depression in older adults with chronic musculoskeletal pain.

Methods: Twenty-five older adults (9 males and 16 females), aged between 66 and 86 years (active group 77.2 ± 3.

Monoclonal antibody therapies in the management of SARS-CoV-2 infection.

Introduction: Neutralizing antibodies (NAbs) that target key domains of the spike protein in severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) may have therapeutic value because of their specificity. Depending on the targeted epitope, single agents may be effective, but combined treatment involving multiple NAbs may be necessary to prevent the emergence of resistant variants.

Areas Covered: This article highlights the accelerated regulatory processes established to facilitate the review and approval of potential therapies.