Engineering of Saccharomyces cerevisiae as a platform strain for microbial production of sphingosine-1-phosphate.

Background: Sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) is a multifunctional sphingolipid that has been implicated in regulating cellular activities in mammalian cells. Due to its therapeutic potential, there is a growing interest in developing efficient methods for S1P production. To date, the production of S1P has been achieved through chemical synthesis or blood extraction, but these processes have limitations such as complexity and cost.

Faecal DNA Metabarcoding for Diet Analysis of Endangered Fish Species, .

Understanding the ecological characteristics of endangered species is essential for their management and conservation. The dark sleeper () is a carnivorous freshwater fish that has been designated an endangered species in South Korea because of its highly restricted habitat range and small population size. However, ecological research on prey items for this species remains severely limited globally, posing challenges for establishing conservation measures such as translocation management.

Prediction of intraoperative hypotension using deep learning models based on non-invasive monitoring devices.

Purpose: Intraoperative hypotension is associated with adverse outcomes. Predicting and proactively managing hypotension can reduce its incidence. Previously, hypotension prediction algorithms using artificial intelligence were developed for invasive arterial blood pressure monitors.

Effects of two-step golf swing drills on rhythm and clubhead speed in competitive juniors.

Vertical and horizontal rhythms are crucial aspects of a dynamic golf swing, and the two-step swing drills (TSSD) were specifically designed to promote rhythmic unloading and loading of the legs. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of a TSSD training session on the swing rhythm and clubhead speed (CHS) among competitive junior golfers (3.1 ± 4.

Effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on senior dental students in Korea: Examining stress, burnout, and depression.

Background/purpose: The COVID-19 pandemic has had a profound and enduring impact on various aspects of society, including medical education and the training of dental students. The field of dentistry, given its nature, is particularly susceptible to the challenges posed by a pandemic. Prolonged exposure to the pandemic is believed to have increased stress and burnout among medical and dental students.

Improved Neural Inductivity of Size-Controlled 3D Human Embryonic Stem Cells Using Magnetic Nanoparticles.

To improve the efficiency of neural development from human embryonic stem cells, human embryoid body (hEB) generation is vital through 3-dimensional formation. However, conventional approaches still have limitations: long-term cultivation and laborious steps for lineage determination. In this study, we controlled the size of hEBs for ectodermal lineage specification using cell-penetrating magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs), which resulted in reduced time required for initial neural induction.

Enhancing Gastric Cancer Therapeutic Efficacy through Synergistic Cotreatment of Linderae Radix and Hyperthermia in AGS Cells.

Gastric cancer remains a global health threat, particularly in Asian countries. Current treatment methods include surgery, chemotherapy, and radiation therapy. However, they all have limitations, such as adverse side effects, tumor resistance, and patient tolerance.

Secured delivery of basic fibroblast growth factor using human serum albumin-based protein nanoparticles for enhanced wound healing and regeneration.

Background: Basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) is one of the critical components accelerating angiogenesis and tissue regeneration by promoting the migration of dermal fibroblasts and endothelial cells associated with matrix formation and remodeling in wound healing process. However, clinical applications of bFGF are substantially limited by its unstable nature due to rapid decomposition under physiological microenvironment.

Results: In this study, we present the bFGF-loaded human serum albumin nanoparticles (HSA-bFGF NPs) as a means of enhanced stability and sustained release platform during tissue regeneration.

Effects of rainfall and temperature on background signal of radiation portal monitor.

For homeland security, radiation portal monitors (RPMs) have been widely used to detect illegal radioactive materials at seaports, airports, nuclear facilities and other highly secured establishments. In general, commercial RPMs are based on a large plastic (i.e.

Biomechanical effects of fatigue on lower-body extremities during a maximum effort kettlebell swing protocol.

Kettlebell training provides multiple health benefits, including the generation of power. The primary purpose of this study was to examine the kinematics and kinetics of lower-body joints during a repeated, maximum effort kettlebell swing protocol. Sixteen resistance and kettlebell swing experienced males performed 10 rounds of a kettlebell swing routine (where one round equates to 30s of swings followed by 30s of rest).

Salisb. Protects from Acetaminophen-Induced Hepatotoxicity by Regulating the Sirt1/HO-1 Signaling Pathway.

Acetaminophen (APAP) overdose-induced hepatotoxicity reduces the activity of sirtuin-1 (Sirt1) along with heme oxygenase 1 (HO-1) and promotes inflammatory responses and oxidative stress. Although the extract of Salisb. (CAS) possesses hepatoprotective properties, scientific evidence on whether CAS prevents hepatotoxicity and the underlying molecular mechanisms are lacking.

Effect of vibration during bulk and incremental filling on adaptation of a bulk-fill composite resin.

This study evaluated the effect of vibration on adaptation of bulk-fill composite resin. A scanning laser doppler vibrometer measured the frequency and amplitude of a vibratory device (COMO; B&L Biotech) used for resin placement and visualized its effect on the resin according to depth. A bulk-fill composite resin (Filtek Bulk Fill; 3M ESPE) was placed in simulated cavities (4 mm diameter, 4 mm depth) by different layering methods (incremental filling with two 2-mm-thick layers vs.

Agonist (P1) Antibody Converts Stem Cells into Migrating Beta-Like Cells in Pancreatic Islets.

Tissue regeneration is the ultimate treatment for many degenerative diseases, however, repair and regeneration of damaged organs or tissues remains a challenge. Previously, we showed that B1 Ab and H3 Ab induce stem cells to differentiate into microglia and brown adipocyte-like cells, while trafficking to the brain and heart, respectively. Here, we present data showing that another selected agonist antibody, P1 antibody, induces the migration of cells to the pancreatic islets and differentiates human stem cells into beta-like cells.

Electrical Stimulation of Human Adipose-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells on O Plasma-Treated ITO Glass Promotes Osteogenic Differentiation.

Electrical signals represent an essential form of cellular communication. For decades, electrical stimulation has been used effectively in clinical practice to enhance bone healing. However, the detailed mechanisms between electrical stimulation and bone healing are not well understood.

Stress Distribution on Trephine-Resected Root-end in Targeted Endodontic Microsurgery: A Finite Element Analysis.

Introduction: This study aimed to determine if stress distribution from occlusal loads after targeted endodontic microsurgery (TEMS) differed for trephine-resected flat and curved root-ends, with and without bone graft.

Methods: Finite element analysis models were constructed from cone-beam computed tomography data of a TEMS-treated maxillary central incisor. Models included flat and curved resected root-ends, with and without apical bone graft, and normal or root canal filled controls.

Resistive Water Level Sensors Based on AgNWs/PEDOT:PSS--PEGME Hybrid Film for Agricultural Monitoring Systems.

Recently, an agricultural monitoring system using the Internet of Things has been developed to realize smart farming. The high performance of various sensors in agricultural monitoring systems is essential for smart farming to automatically monitor and control agricultural environmental conditions such as temperature and water level. In this study, we propose resistive water level sensors based on an AgNWs/PEDOT:PSS--PEGME hybrid structure to improve the already high conductivity and water stability of PEDOT:PSS.

Ultrasensitive and Selective Field-Effect Transistor-Based Biosensor Created by Rings of MoS Nanopores.

The ubiquitous field-effect transistor (FET) is widely used in modern digital integrated circuits, computers, communications, sensors, and other applications. However, reliable biological FET (bio-FET) is not available in real life due to the rigorous requirement for highly sensitive and selective bio-FET fabrication, which remains a challenging task. Here, we report an ultrasensitive and selective bio-FET created by the nanorings of molybdenum disulfide (MoS) nanopores inspired by nuclear pore complexes.

Enhances Neurite Outgrowth of Cortical Neuron by Ameliorating HO-Induced Oxidative Damage via Sirtuin1 Signaling Pathway.

(GJD) is a multiherbal formula produced from 10 medicinal herbs and has been traditonally used as an oriental medicine to treat cardiovascular diseases, alcoholic hepatitis, mild dementia, and anemia. Additionally, increasing evidence suggests that GJD exerts neuroprotective effects by suppressing inflammation and oxidative stress-induced events to prevent neurological diseases. However, the mechanism by which GJD prevents oxidative stress-induced neuronal injury in a mature neuron remains unknown.

Linear Relationships Among the Hand and Clubhead Motion Characteristics in Golf Driving in Skilled Male Golfers.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the linear relationships among the hand/clubhead motion characteristics in golf driving in skilled male golfers (n = 66; handicap ≤ 3). The hand motion plane (HMP) and functional swing plane (FSP) angles, the HMP-FSP angle gaps, the planarity characteristics of the off-plane motion of the clubhead, and the attack angles were computed from the drives captured by an optical motion capture system. The HMP angles were identified as the key variables, as the HMP and FSP angles were intercorrelated, but the plane angle gaps, the planarity bias, and the attack angles showed correlations to the HMP angles primarily.

Highly Soluble Fluorinated Polyimides Synthesized with Hydrothermal Process towards Sustainable Green Technology.

Polyimides, a widely used engineering plastic, require use of large amounts of toxic and hazardous organic solvents which threaten our daily lives, calling for new and easy synthetic methods for sustainable environmentally friendly development. In this paper, highly soluble fluorinated polyimides based on 4,4'-(hexafluoroisopropylidene) diphthalic anhydride were synthesized via hydrothermal process without using any toxic organic solvents and the advantages of the newly demonstrated synthetic methods are shown by comparative analysis performed with the two conventional synthetic methods using organic solvent: thermal and chemical imidization. Lower temperature is required (~200 °C) compared to thermal imidization and functional groups for high fusibility formed more easily compared to chemical imidization.

Mechanically Stable Kirigami Deformable Resonant Circuits for Wireless Vibration and Pressure Sensor Applications.

Deformable 3D structures have emerged to revolutionize next-generation flexible electronics. In this study, a large out-of-plane deformable kirigami-based structure integrated with traditional functional materials has been successfully applied to wirelessly sense mechanical vibration and pressure. Unlike spiral inductor coils that lack mechanical stability, the inductor coils supported with polymer kirigami designs, comprising concentric circles with alternately connected hinges among the consecutive layers, offer exceptional mechanical stability.

Chaotic Organic Crystal Phosphorescent Patterns for Physical Unclonable Functions.

Since the 4th Industrial Revolution, Internet of Things based environments have been widely used in various fields ranging from mobile to medical devices. Simultaneously, information leakage and hacking risks have also increased significantly, and secure authentication and security systems are constantly required. Physical unclonable functions (PUF) are in the spotlight as an alternative.