Preliminary study on the detection efficiency and estimation of minimum detectable activity for a NaI(Tl)-based seawater monitoring system.

To monitor radioactivity levels in seawater Korea Institute of Nuclear Safety has installed and been operating 18 NaI(Tl)-based gamma detectors around the Korean peninsula. This study was conducted to estimate the detector efficiency and MDA of Cs in seawater for measurement situations. For this purpose, experiments in the air and a water tank, and Monte Carlo simulations were performed using a seawater radioactivity monitor system with 3 in.

Anti-cancer effects of enteric-coated polymers containing mistletoe lectin in murine melanoma cells in vitro and in vivo.

In this study, we evaluated the effects of Korean mistletoe (Viscum album L. var. coloratum) coated with a biodegradable polymer (Eudragit(®)) wall on the growth of mouse melanoma in vivo.

[Effects of passive upper arm exercise on range of motion, muscle strength, and muscle spasticity in hemiplegic patients with cerebral vascular disease].

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of passive upper arm exercise on range of motion, muscle strength, and muscle spasticity in hemiplegic patients with cerebral vascular disease.

Methods: A quasi-experimental design with nonequivalent control group was utilized. According to inclusion criteria, 25 patients were assigned to the control group with routine care, followed by 25 to the intervention group with passive exercise for 30 minutes per session, twice a day for 2 weeks.

Efficient synthesis of 2,2-diaryl-1,1-difluoroethenes via consecutive cross-coupling reactions of 2,2-difluoro-1-tributylstannylethenyl p-toluenesulfonate.

2,2-Difluoro-1-tributylstannylethenyl p-toluenesulfonate (2) was reacted with aryl iodides in the presence of 10 mol % of Pd(PPh(3))(4) and 10 mol % of CuI in DMF at 80 °C for 10-20 h to give the cross-coupled products 3 in 35-97% yields. Further coupling reaction of 3 with arylstannanes in the presence of 5 mol % of Pd(PPh(3))(4) and 3 equiv of LiBr in DMF at 100 °C for 2-24 h afforded the desired products 5 in 25-78% yields.