Qualitative assessment to determine internal and external factors influencing the origin of styrene oligomers pollution by polystyrene plastic in coastal marine environments.

The objective of this study is to investigate the qualitative contribution of internal and external factors of the area contaminated by polystyrene (PS) in coastal marine environments. This study is based on the extensive results of monitoring the styrene oligomers (SOs) present in sand and seawater samples along various coastlines of the Pacific Ocean. Here, anthropogenic SOs is derived from PS during manufacture and use, and can provide clues about the origin of SOs by PS pollution.

Synergetic analysis of springtime air pollution episodes over Gwangju, Korea.

The characteristics of springtime aerosols, including their optical and microphysical properties, were analyzed for the months of March to May of 2009 in Gwangju (35.23°N, 126.84°E), Korea.

Characterization and sources of black carbon in PM(2.5) at a site close to a roadway in Gwangju, Korea, during winter.

Continuous measurements of black carbon (BC) concentrations in PM2.5 were conducted using a single-wavelength aethalometer (@880 nm, Magee Sci., AE16) at a site close to a roadway (∼70 m from roadside) in Gwangju, Korea, during winter (December-February) to investigate the characteristics and sources of BC particles.

Evaluating the applicability of a semi-continuous aerosol sampler to measure Asian dust particles.

A Korean prototype semi-continuous aerosol sampler was used to measure Asian dust particles. During two dust-storm periods, concentrations of crustal and trace elements were significantly enriched. Dust storms are one of the most significant natural sources of air pollution in East Asia.

Difference in production routes of water-soluble organic carbon in PM2.5 observed during non-biomass and biomass burning periods in Gwangju, Korea.

4 h integrated PM2.5 samples were collected from an urban site of Gwangju, Korea, for five days and analyzed for organic carbon and elemental carbon (OC and EC), total water-soluble OC (WSOC), hydrophilic and hydrophobic WSOC fractions (WSOCHPI and WSOCHPO), oxalate, and inorganic ionic species (sodium (Na(+)), ammonium (NH4(+)), potassium (K(+)), calcium (Ca(2+)), magnesium (Mg(2+)), chloride (Cl(-)), nitrate (NO3(-)), and sulfate (SO4(2-))) to investigate the possible sources of water-soluble organic aerosols. Two types of sampling periods were classified according to the regression relationship between black carbon (BC) concentrations measured at wavelengths of 370 nm (BC370nm) and 880 nm (BC880nm) using an aethalometer; the first period was traffic emission influence ("non-biomass burning (BB) period") and the second was biomass burning influence ("BB period").

Resolving sources of water-soluble organic carbon in fine particulate matter measured at an urban site during winter.

Measurements of daily PM2.5 were carried out during winter between January 11 and February 27, 2010 in an urban area of Korea, in order to better understand the influence of sources and atmospheric processing of organic aerosols. The aerosol samples were analyzed for organic carbon and elemental carbon (OC and EC), water-soluble OC (WSOC), eight ionic species, and oxalate.

Abundance and sources of hydrophilic and hydrophobic water-soluble organic carbon at an urban site in Korea in summer.

In this study, the characteristics of total water-soluble organic carbon (WSOC) and isolated WSOC fractions were examined to gain a better understanding of the pathway of organic aerosol production. 24 h PM(2.5) samples were collected during the summer (July 28-August 28, 2009) at an urban site in Korea.

A study of bactericidal effect and optimization of pathogenic bacteria using TiO2 photocatalyst.

The photocatalytic degradation of Salmonella choleraesuis subsp. and Vibrio parahaemolyticus in water by TiO2 catalysts was investigated in a batch reactor. After 30 min of irradiation with UV light in the presence of 1 mg/ml of TiO2, death ratio of S.

Performance evaluation of an in situ nitrous acid measurement system and continuous measurement of nitrous acid in an indoor environment.

Nitrous acid (HONO) may cause adverse effects to mucous membranes and lung function when people are exposed to higher HONO concentrations than those present in typical indoor residential environments. Therefore, determination of HONO concentration in indoor environments is required to investigate occurrences of high HONO levels. In this work, a high-time-resolution measurement system was utilized to better understand the levels and dynamic behavior of HONO in an indoor environment.

Characterization of PM2.5 aerosols dominated by local pollution and Asian dust observed at an urban site in Korea during aerosol characterization experiments (ACE)--Asia Project.

Daily fine particulate matter (PM2.5) samples were collected at Gwangju, Korea, during the Aerosol Characterization Experiments (ACE)-Asia Project to determine the chemical properties of PM2.5 originating from local pollution and Asian dust (AD) storms.

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in bulk PM2.5 and size-segregated aerosol particle samples measured in an urban environment.

To analyze polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) at an urban site in Seoul, South Korea, 24-hr ambient air PM2.5 samples were collected during five intensive sampling periods between November 1998 and December 1999. To determine the PAH size distribution, 3-day size-segregated aerosol samples were also collected in December 1999.