Evaluating a combination treatment of NK cells and reovirus against bladder cancer cells using an in vitro assay to simulate intravesical therapy.

Intravesical treatment using either reovirus or natural killer (NK) cells serves as an efficient strategy for the treatment of bladder cancer cells (BCCs); however, corresponding monotherapies have often shown modest cytotoxicity. The potential of a locoregional combination using high-dose reovirus and NK cell therapy in an intravesical approach has not yet been studied. In this study, we evaluated the effectiveness of reoviruses and expanded NK cells (eNK) as potential strategies for the treatment of bladder cancer.

Selective Expansion of NKG2C+ Adaptive NK Cells Using K562 Cells Expressing HLA-E.

Adaptive natural killer (NK) cells expressing self-specific inhibitory killer-cell immunoglobulin-like receptors (KIRs) can be expanded in vivo in response to human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) infection. Developing a method to preferentially expand this subset is essential for effective targeting of allogeneic cancer cells. A previous study developed an in vitro method to generate single KIR+ NK cells for enhanced targeting of the primary acute lymphoblastic leukemia cells; however, the expansion rate was quite low.

High-Throughput 3D Tumor Vasculature Model for Real-Time Monitoring of Immune Cell Infiltration and Cytotoxicity.

Recent advances in anticancer therapy have shown dramatic improvements in clinical outcomes, and adoptive cell therapy has emerged as a type of immunotherapy that can modulate immune responses by transferring engineered immune cells. However, a small percentage of responders and their toxicity remain as challenges. Three-dimensional (3D) models of the tumor microenvironment (TME) have the potential to provide a platform for assessing and predicting responses to therapy.

The significance of amplitude and duration of fetal heart rate acceleration in non-stress test analysis.

Objective: This study was conducted to assess the relative significance of the amplitude versus the duration of accelerations in non-stress test (NST) analysis.

Materials And Methods: A total of 3055 normal fetal heart rate (FHR) tracings at 30-42 weeks' gestation were analyzed by automated FHR analyzing software. Accelerations were classified as one of four combinations of amplitude and duration: 15 bpm-15 seconds (Acc15-15), 15 bpm-10 seconds (Acc15-10), 10 bpm-15 seconds (Acc10-15) and 10 bpm-10 seconds (Acc10-10).

Conventional linear criteria with sample entropy in the interpretation of reactive antepartum fetal heart rate tracings.

Objective: To compare the test duration times and rate of nonreactive results between the conventional linear reactive criteria (CLRC) and the modified nonlinear reactive criteria (MNRC) in electronic fetal heart rate (FHR) monitoring. The MNRC are the CLRC with the addition of approximate entropy or sample entropy.

Methods: One thousand women with singleton pregnancies between 30 and 37 weeks' gestation were selected.

Difference of fetal heart rate accelerations based on 10 and 15 beats per minute.

Aim: To evaluate the correlation of 10 b.p.m.

Determination of fetal heart rate reactivity from a single 20-min window of non-stress testing in compromised fetuses.

Aims: To shorten the analysis time needed for non-stress testing (NST) without decreasing efficacy in compromised fetuses.

Methods: We selected 80 cases with a 5-min Apgar score <7 as a study group and 259 cases with a 5-min Apgar score >/=9 as a control group. We applied four different criteria (A, B, C, and D) to each study and control group for the first 20-min window of NST data to evaluate reactivity.

Ex vivo expansion and clonality of CD34+ selected cells from bone marrow and cord blood in a serum-free media.

Although umbilical cord blood is increasingly being used in allogeneic marrow transplantation, delayed platelet engraftment is often a concern for cord blood transplant recipients. We evaluated the potential of ex vivo expansion and clonality in CD34+ cells separated from a bone marrow source, and cord blood, in a serum-free Media. The CD34+ cells, selected from bone marrow (BM) and umbilical cord blood (CB), were expanded with hematopoietic growth factors.