Case series of neuroretinitis in Korea.

Background: To present the clinical characteristics of neuroretinitis in Korea.

Methods: Twelve patients with neuroretinitis between January 2009 and September 2020 were retrospectively reviewed. Neuroretinitis was diagnosed based on fundus findings, optical coherence tomography, and fluorescein angiography.

Congenital Renal Arteriovenous Malformation: Diagnostic Clues and Methods.

Renal arteriovenous malformation (AVM) is a rare disease and is difficult to be diagnosed by conventional methods because of its rarity. In this study, we investigated the diagnostic clues, and made an algorithm for the better diagnosis of renal AVM. We reviewed 13 patients who were diagnosed with AVM by using renal angiography from 1986 to 2020 at our institutes.

Atypical Retinal Hemorrhages after Vitrectomy for Idiopathic Macular Hole: Possible Toxicity of Brilliant Blue G.

Purpose: To describe the development of multiple retinal hemorrhages after uncomplicated macular hole (MH) surgery, and to determine the associated factors.

Methods: The medical records of 163 patients (167 eyes) diagnosed with idiopathic MHs and who underwent surgery at Pusan National University Hospital between March 2016 and July 2018 were retrospectively reviewed. The development of retinal hemorrhages was evaluated using ultra-widefield fundus photographs.

Clinical Outcomes and Risk Factor Analysis of Patients Presenting with Emphysematous Cystitis: A 15-Year Retrospective Multicenter Study.

To investigate the risk factors for emphysematous cystitis (EC) compared to those of acute cystitis (AC) to increase clinicians awareness of the possibility for the aggravation of patient status. We retrospectively reviewed a total of 54 patients who were hospitalized with a diagnosis of EC by abdominal computed tomography (CT) scan from 2006 to 2020. The control group included 92 patients who were hospitalized for the treatment of AC in the same period.

Comparison of refractive deviations after phacovitrectomy according to the intraocular lens insertion method.

Purpose: This study aimed to compare refractive deviations between in-the-bag insertion, trans-scleral ciliary sulcus fixation, ciliary sulcus insertion, and ciliary sulcus insertion with optic capture after phacovitrectomy.

Study Design: Single-unit, single-surgeon, retrospective study.

Methods: Consecutive patients who underwent phacovitrectomy and intraocular lens (IOL) out-of-the-bag insertion simultaneously were retrospectively reviewed.

Integrity of the Urethral Sphincter Complex, Nerve-sparing, and Long-term Continence Status after Robotic-assisted Radical Prostatectomy.

Background: The applicability of the sphincter complex integral theory to robotic-assisted radical prostatectomy (RARP) is unclear, with little known about the long-term effect of sphincter complex integrity on continence.

Objective: To determine whether the preoperative anatomical and functional features of the sphincter complex and the degree of nerve-sparing affect long-term continence after RARP.

Design, Setting, And Participants: Prospective study of 529 patients who underwent RARP at a single tertiary center.

Androgen deprivation therapy during and after post-prostatectomy radiotherapy in patients with prostate cancer: a case control study.

Background: Here we assessed the influence of androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) during and/or after post-prostatectomy radiotherapy (RT) on biochemical recurrence (BCR) and radiographic progression in patients with prostate cancer.

Methods: Patients with prostate cancer who underwent post-prostatectomy RT were analyzed. BCR and radiographic progression after RT were compared according to the concurrent or salvage ADT.

Trends in Testicular Injury in Korea, 1986-2015.

The objectives of this study were to investigate patients treated for scrotal trauma at our institute for the last three decades to describe our experience with an emphasis on the etiologies and ultrasonographic findings in these patients. We reviewed medical records of patients who underwent scrotal ultrasonography for evaluation of testicular trauma at our institutes from 1986 to 2015. Trends regarding the etiology of scrotal trauma were evaluated during each decade.

Heterogeneous oncologic outcomes according to surgical pathology in high-risk prostate cancer: implications for better risk stratification and preoperative prediction of oncologic outcomes.

Purpose: To evaluate the better risk stratification based on surgical pathology, and to predict oncologic outcomes after radical prostatectomy (RP) with a better scoring system in high-risk prostate cancer (PCa) patients.

Methods: We evaluated high-risk PCa patients (PSA >20 ng/ml, ≥cT3a, or Gleason score 8-10) who underwent RP between 2007 and 2013 at our institute. We classified patients into three groups according to their pathologic outcomes: favorable (pT2, Gleason score ≤7, and node negative), intermediate (specimen-confined disease (pT2-3a, node negative PCa with negative surgical margins) but not in the favorable group), and unfavorable (the remaining patients).

Prognostic value of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), VEGF receptor 2, platelet-derived growth factor-β (PDGF-β), and PDGF-β receptor expression in papillary renal cell carcinoma.

The prognostic value of the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), VEGF receptor 2 (VEGFR2), platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF)-β, and PDGF receptor (PDGFR)-β in papillary renal cell carcinoma (pRCC) is unknown. A total of 145 patients, who were confirmed to have pRCC, were analyzed. Expression levels of molecular markers were assessed via immunohistochemistry.

Characteristics of Anteriorly Located Prostate Cancer and the Usefulness of Multiparametric Magnetic Resonance Imaging for Diagnosis.

Purpose: We analyzed the pathological and oncologic characteristics of anteriorly located prostate cancer and assessed the usefulness of magnetic resonance imaging to detect anterior prostate cancer.

Materials And Methods: We analyzed the records of 728 consecutive patients treated with radical prostatectomy. Patients were categorized with anterior or prostate cancer or tumors involving the anterior and posterior prostate according to the dominant tumor location on whole mount section.

Higher Order Aberration and Astigmatism in Children with Hyperopic Amblyopia.

Purpose: To investigate the changes in corneal higher-order aberration (HOA) during amblyopia treatment and the correlation between HOA and astigmatism in hyperopic amblyopia children.

Methods: In this retrospective study, a total of 72 eyes from 72 patients ranging in age from 38 to 161 months were included. Patients were divided into two groups based on the degree of astigmatism.

Effect of preoperative urodynamic detrusor overactivity on post-prostatectomy incontinence: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Purpose: To investigate whether preoperative urodynamic detrusor overactivity (DO) contributes to post-prostatectomy incontinence (PPI).

Methods: We systematically searched the online PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library databases spanning the period of January 1989 to December 2014.

Results: A total of nine articles met the eligibility criteria for this systematic review.

Comparative analysis of oncologic outcomes for open vs. robot-assisted radical prostatectomy in high-risk prostate cancer.

Purpose: To evaluate the oncologic outcomes of robot-assisted radical prostatectomy (RARP) in high-risk prostate cancer (PCa), we compared the surgical margin status and biochemical recurrence-free survival (BCRFS) rates between retropubic radical prostatectomy (RRP) and RARP.

Materials And Methods: A comparative analysis was conducted of high-risk PCa patients who underwent RRP or RARP by a single surgeon from 2007 to 2013. High-risk PCa was defined as clinical stage≥T3a, biopsy Gleason score 8-10, or prostate-specific antigen>20 ng/mL.

Oncologic outcomes in men with metastasis to the prostatic anterior fat pad lymph nodes: a multi-institution international study.

Background: The presence of lymph nodes (LN) within the prostatic anterior fat pad (PAFP) has been reported in several recent reports. These PAFP LNs rarely harbor metastatic disease, and the characteristics of patients with PAFP LN metastasis are not well-described in the literature. Our previous study suggested that metastatic disease to the PAFP LN was associated with less severe oncologic outcomes than those that involve the pelvic lymph node (PLN).

Prognostic significance of platelet-derived growth factor receptor-β expression in localized clear cell renal cell carcinoma.

Purpose: We investigated the expression status of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF)-B and their receptors in organ-confined clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) to evaluate their prognostic significance after radical surgery.

Methods: In 758 consecutive patients diagnosed with pT1-2N0 ccRCC between 2007 and 2012, we prospectively investigated the expression levels of VEGF, PDGF-B, VEGF receptor (VEGFR) and PDGF receptor (PDGFR)-β via immunohistochemistry. Clinicopathologic parameters and expression of the angiogenic factors were analyzed with respect to recurrence-free survival (RFS) after nephrectomy.

Analysis of factors affecting spontaneous expulsion of ureteral stones that may predict unfavorable outcomes during watchful waiting periods: What is the influence of diabetes mellitus on the ureter?

Purpose: The aim of our study was to evaluate the association of several factors with spontaneous stone expulsion, including ureteral stone characteristics (size, location, hydronephrosis, perinephric stranding), types of medications prescribed (α-blocker, low-dose steroid), and other possible demographic and health-history factors (gender, age, serum creatinine, underlying diabetes mellitus [DM], and hypertension).

Materials And Methods: A total of 366 patients with ureteral stones were enrolled. All patients underwent watchful waiting without any invasive procedures.

The therapeutic effect of solifenacin succinate on the recovery from voiding dysfunction after radical prostatectomy in men with clinically localized prostate cancer: a prospective, randomized, controlled study.

Objective: To evaluate whether anticholinergic medication contributes to early recovery of continence and improvement of other voiding symptoms after radical prostatectomy (RP).

Patients And Methods: A total of 78 patients with clinically localized prostate cancer who had incontinence at 1 week after RP were enrolled prospectively. The patients were allocated to one of the 2 groups: group 1 (α-adrenergic agonist [midodrine] plus an anticholinergic [solifenacin]) or group 2 (α-adrenergic agonist only).

Prevalence of high-grade or insignificant prostate cancer in Korean men with prostate-specific antigen levels of 3.0-4.0 ng/mL.

Objective: To investigate the prevalence of high-grade or insignificant prostate cancer in Korean men with prostate-specific antigen (PSA) levels of 3.0-4.0 ng/mL.

Randomized clinical trial of a bladder neck plication stitch during robot-assisted radical prostatectomy.

Urinary incontinence after robot-assisted radical prostatectomy (RARP) is one of the most bothersome complications affecting patients' daily lives. The efficacy of the bladder neck plication stitch technique in promoting an earlier return of continence was prospectively evaluated in 158 patients who underwent RARP for clinically localized prostate cancer by a single surgeon at our institute from March 2012 to January 2013. Patients were randomized 1:1 to undergo surgery with (n = 79) or without (n = 79) the bladder neck plication stitch, and their time to recovery from incontinence, defined as being pad free, was compared.

Risk of chronic kidney disease after nephrectomy for renal cell carcinoma.

The incidence of low-stage renal cell carcinoma is rising and is observed to demonstrate excellent prognosis following surgical treatment irrespective of method. However, several epidemiologic observational and population-based studies suggest that radical nephrectomy is associated with increased adverse renal outcomes such as chronic kidney disease (CKD) compared with partial nephrectomy. This is suggested in turn to lead to increased mortality via an increase in cardiovascular complications and mortality.

Hilar location is an independent prognostic factor for recurrence in T1 renal cell carcinoma after nephrectomy.

Purpose: We investigated the prognostic significance of tumor location at the renal hilum near the sinus structure on the recurrence in T1 renal cell carcinoma (RCC).

Methods: A total of 1,818 T1 RCC patients who underwent radical (RN) or partial nephrectomy (PN) from 1997 to 2011 were retrospectively reviewed. A hilar tumor was defined as a tumor abutting the main renal artery and/or vein or its segmental branches, without invasion.