Bay 11-7082, an NF-κB Inhibitor, Prevents Post-Inflammatory Hyperpigmentation Through Inhibition of Inflammation and Melanogenesis.

Post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation (PIH) is a very common disorder of cutaneous hyperpigmentation, which poses a persistent management challenge in the fields of dermatology and esthetics. This study was designed to explore the anti-melanogenic and anti-inflammatory effects of Bay 11-7082, an NF-κB inhibitor, using small-molecule screening, to determine its potential application for PIH prevention. The molecular mechanisms were investigated in vitro and ex vivo in epidermis-humanized mice using melanin content, RT-PCR, and immunoblotting.

Clinical implications of neoadjuvant chemotherapy in advanced endometrial cancer: a multi-center retrospective cohort study.

Background: The mainstay of endometrial cancer treatment is surgical resection of tumors and postoperative adjuvant treatment is recommended if necessary. However, there is no consensus on the management of unresectable metastatic endometrial cancer. This study aimed to assess the feasibility and effectiveness of neoadjuvant chemotherapy followed by interval debulking surgery (NAC-IDS) in unresectable, metastatic endometrial cancer.

Clinicoprognostic and Histopathological Features of Guttate and Plaque Psoriasis Based on PD-1 Expression.

Several studies have determined the correlation between programmed cell death protein-1 (PD-1) and chronic plaque psoriasis (CPP). However, limited studies have assessed the association between PD-1 expression and the clinicoprognostic and distinct clinicopathological characteristics of CPP and guttate psoriasis (GP). Twenty-nine patients with skin biopsy-confirmed CPP were recruited at the Asan Medical Center between January 2018 and June 2020, and 33 patients with biopsy-confirmed GP were enrolled between January 2002 and June 2020.

Elevated Alanine Aminotransferase in Early Pregnancy and Subsequent Development of Gestational Diabetes and Preeclampsia.

Background: Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is now considered as a hepatic manifestation of metabolic syndrome and elevated alanine aminotransferase (ALT) is commonly related to NAFLD in the absence of viral hepatitis or alcohol abuse. Previous studies have indicated that elevated ALT is associated with diabetes or metabolic syndrome in adults, but the clinical significance of ALT or NAFLD in pregnancy has not been well determined. The objective of this study was to determine the association between elevated ALT in early pregnancy and the development of gestational diabetes or preeclampsia in late pregnancy.

The ion channel activator CyPPA inhibits melanogenesis via the GSK3β/β-catenin pathway.

Research into materials that inhibit melanogenesis in skin has gained interest. Screening for such compounds in B16F10 cells revealed that cyclohexyl-[2-(3,5-dimethyl-pyrazol-1-yl)-6-methyl-pyrimidin-4-yl]-amine (CyPPA), a positive modulator of small-conductance Ca-activated K channels, is a strong inhibitor of melanogenesis. We investigated the anti-melanogenic activity of CyPPA and the molecular mechanism by which CyPPA reduced melanin production in normal human melanocytes (NHM).

Interaction of Wnt5a with Notch1 is Critical for the Pathogenesis of Psoriasis.

Background: Psoriasis is characterized by uncontrolled hyperproliferation, aberrant differentiation, and dermal infiltration of immune cells. Recent studies have reported that Wnt5a and Notch1 signaling are altered in psoriatic skin lesions.

Objective: We aimed to investigate the interaction of Wnt5a with Notch 1 with respect to inflammation-mediated epidermal hyperproliferation in psoriasis.

Microtubule-associated protein light chain 3 is involved in melanogenesis via regulation of MITF expression in melanocytes.

Although autophagy plays a role in melanogenesis by regulating melanosome degradation and biogenesis in melanocytes, a detailed understanding of the regulatory functions of autophagy factors is lacking. Here, we report a mechanistic link between microtubule-associated protein light chain 3 (LC3) activation and melanogenesis. We observed high expression of LC3 in melanosome-associated pigment-rich melanocytic nevi of sun-exposed skin, as indicated by patterns of melanosomal protein MART1 expression.

(E)-4-(3,4-Dimethoxyphenyl)but-3-en-1-ol Enhances Melanogenesis through Increasing Upstream Stimulating Factor-1-Mediated Tyrosinase Expression.

We investigated the potential melanogenic effect of compounds from Zingiber cassumunar Roxb. Our data revealed that chloroform-soluble extract of Z. cassumunar enhanced melanin synthesis in B16F10 melanoma cells.

Tranexamic Acid Diminishes Laser-Induced Melanogenesis.

Background: The treatment of post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation (PIH) remains challenging. Tranexamic acid, a well-known anti-fibrinolytic drug, has recently demonstrated a curative effect towards melasma and ultraviolet-induced PIH in Asian countries. However, the precise mechanism of its inhibitory effect on melanogenesis is not fully understood.

The natural yeast extract isolated by ethanol precipitation inhibits melanin synthesis by modulating tyrosinase activity and downregulating melanosome transfer.

This study was conducted to examine the effects of EP-2, a natural yeast extract isolated by ethanol precipitation from Saccharomyces cerevisiae, on melanogenesis and to determine its underlying mechanism of action. Our results show that although EP-2 is not a direct tyrosinase inhibitor, when EP-2 was added to the culture media of B16F10 melanoma cells, intracellular tyrosinase activity was decreased. However, EP-2 had no effect on the expression of microphthalmia-associated transcription factor or tyrosinase.

Epidermal growth factor and epidermal growth factor signaling attenuate laser-induced melanogenesis.

Background: Epidermal growth factor (EGF) is a peptide that promotes cell growth by binding to its receptor (EGFR) on the cell surface. EGF has been used in cosmetics to whiten the skin and for the prevention of postinflammatory hyperpigmentation (PIH), presumably by accelerating wound healing, but the effects of EGF on melanogenesis are not known, and the presence of EGFR on melanocytes has not been confirmed.

Methods: To establish a role of EGF in melanogenesis, we first investigated expression of EGFR on melanocytes.

Gene expression profiling reveals sequential changes in gastric tubular adenoma and carcinoma in situ.

Aim: To analyze the expression profiles of premalignant and/or preclinical lesions of gastric cancers.

Methods: We analyzed the expression profiles of normal gastric pit, tubular adenoma and carcinoma in situ using microdissected cells from routine gastric biopsies. For the DNA microarray analysis of formalin-fixed samples, we developed a simple and reproducible RNA extraction and linear amplification procedure applying two polymerase-binding sites.