Local control and toxicity outcomes following consolidative radiation therapy in patients with high-risk neuroblastoma: a 20-year experience at a single center.

Background: Intensive multimodal treatment can improve survival in patients with high-risk neuroblastoma, and consolidative radiation therapy has contributed to local control. We examined the clinical outcomes of patients who underwent consolidative radiation therapy at our institution.

Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the records of patients with high-risk neuroblastoma who underwent consolidative radiation therapy from March 2001 to March 2021 at Asan Medical Center.

Outcomes of intracranial non-germinomatous germ cell tumors: a retrospective Asian multinational study on treatment strategies and prognostic factors.

Purpose: Non-germinomatous germ cell tumors (NGGCTs) are rare pediatric conditions. This multicenter study using Asian multinational patient data investigated treatment outcomes and prognostic factors for NGGCTs.

Methods: Medical records of 251 patients with NGGCTs treated from 1995 to 2015 were retrospectively analyzed from participating centers in Asian countries (Korea, Taiwan, Singapore, and Japan).

Suggestions for Escaping the Dark Ages for Pediatric Diffuse Intrinsic Pontine Glioma Treated with Radiotherapy: Analysis of Prognostic Factors from the National Multicenter Study.

Purpose: This multicenter retrospective study aimed to investigate clinical, radiologic, and treatment-related factors affecting survival in patients with newly diagnosed diffuse intrinsic pontine glioma (DIPG) treated with radiotherapy.

Materials And Methods: Patients aged <30 years who underwent radiotherapy as an initial treatment for DIPG between 2000 and 2018 were included; patients who did not undergo magnetic resonance imaging at diagnosis and those with pathologically diagnosed grade I glioma were excluded. We examined medical records of 162 patients collected from 10 participating centers in Korea.

Outcomes of intracranial germinoma-A retrospective multinational Asian study on effect of clinical presentation and differential treatment strategies.

Background: This multinational study was conducted to report clinical presentations and treatment strategies in patients with intracranial germinomas across selected Asian centers, including failure patterns, risk factors, and outcomes.

Methods: A retrospective data collection and analysis of these patients, treated between 1995 and 2015 from eight healthcare institutions across four countries was undertaken.

Results: From the results, 418 patients were analyzed, with a median follow-up of 8.

Safety and efficacy of 10-fraction hypofractionated radiation therapy for non-small cell lung cancer.

Purpose: To investigate the safety and efficacy of hypofractionated radiation therapy (HFRT) in patients with non-small cell lung cancer who are unfit for surgery or stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) at our institution.

Materials And Methods: From May 2007 to December 2018, HFRT was used to treat 68 lesions in 64 patients who were unsuitable for SBRT because of central tumor location, large tumor size, or contiguity with the chest wall. The HFRT schedule included a dose of 50-70 Gy delivered in 10 fractions over 2 weeks.

Prognostic value of the 21-gene recurrence score for regional recurrence in patients with estrogen receptor-positive breast cancer.

Purpose: To evaluate the prognostic value of the 21-gene recurrence score (RS) for regional recurrence (RR) in patients with estrogen receptor-positive breast cancer.

Methods: We reviewed the medical records of 446 patients who underwent 21-gene RS assay after breast-conserving surgery or mastectomy. The high-RS group was defined as patients who were (1) older than 50 years with an RS of 26 or higher, or (2) 50 years or younger with an RS of 16 or higher.

The role of postoperative radiotherapy after primary tumor resection in patients with de novo stage IV breast cancer.

Aim: This study was undertaken to investigate the role of postoperative radiotherapy (PORT) including post-breast conserving radiotherapy (PBCRT) and post-mastectomy radiotherapy (PMRT) in stage IV breast cancer patients who underwent planned primary tumor resection (PTR).

Methods: This study enrolled 112 patients diagnosed with de novo stage IV breast cancer who were treated with potentially curative PTR with or without PORT. The primary outcome was overall survival (OS), and the secondary outcomes were locoregional recurrence-free survival (LRRFS) and distant progression-free survival (DPFS).

Atypical Teratoid/Rhabdoid Tumor of the Central Nervous System in Children under the Age of 3 Years.

Purpose: Atypical teratoid/rhabdoid tumor (ATRT) is a highly aggressive malignancy with peak incidence in children aged less than 3 years. Standard treatment for central nervous system ATRT in children under the age of 3 years have not been established yet. The objective of this study was to analyze characteristics and clinical outcomes of ATRT in children aged less than 3 years.

Survival and long-term toxicities of pediatric Hodgkin lymphoma after combined modality treatment: a single institute experience.

Purpose: To analyze the clinical outcomes and long-term toxicity of pediatric patients with Hodgkin lymphoma after combined-modality treatment (CMT) with involved-field or involved-nodal radiotherapy (RT).

Materials And Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the records of 27 pediatric Hodgkin lymphoma patients who received CMT at a single institution between January 1990 and July 2017. Patients with stage I-III received a heterogeneous chemotherapy regimen depending on their risk group followed by 19.

Cervical Lymph Node Involvement above the Supraclavicular Fossa in Breast Cancer: Comparison with Stage IIIC (KROG 18-02).

Purpose: We aimed to analyze the treatment outcomes of ipsilateral cervical lymph node (CLN)-positive breast cancer without other distant metastasis and compare the outcomes with those of supraclavicular lymph node (SCL)-positive breast cancer.

Methods: Seventy-eight patients with breast cancer and ipsilateral CLN metastasis above the supraclavicular fossa (CLN[+] group) were treated at 7 institutions (2000-2014). Seventy-four patients received systemic chemotherapy and breast surgery followed by locoregional radiotherapy.

Feasibility and effectiveness of treatment strategy of tandem high-dose chemotherapy and autologous stem cell transplantation in combination with I-MIBG therapy for high-risk neuroblastoma.

This study was performed to evaluate the safety and effectiveness of tandem HDCT/ASCT combined with targeted radiotherapy using I-MIBG for high-risk neuroblastoma. Patients with high-risk neuroblastoma were treated with 8 to 10 cycles of induction chemotherapy before tandem HDCT/ASCT. Patients received I-MIBG treatment before the second HDCT/ASCT.

Aggressive Surgical Excision of Supraclavicular Lymph Node Did Not Improve the Outcomes of Breast Cancer With Supraclavicular Lymph Node Involvement (KROG 16-14).

Introduction: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the outcomes of upfront surgery followed by radiation therapy (RT) for ipsilateral supraclavicular (SCN) and/or internal mammary (IMN) node-positive breast cancer.

Materials And Methods: One hundred fifty-eight patients were included; among these, 91 patients were SCN-positive, 54 were IMN-positive, and 13 were SCN- and IMN-positive. Patients underwent breast conserving surgery (n = 74) or mastectomy (n = 84) followed by systemic therapy, and adjuvant RT to whole breast/chest wall with or without regional nodal RT.

Patterns of recurrence after radiation therapy for high-risk neuroblastoma.

Purpose: To investigate the patterns of recurrence in patients with neuroblastoma treated with radiation therapy to the primary tumor site.

Materials And Methods: We retrospectively analyzed patients with high-risk neuroblastoma managed with definitive treatment with radiation therapy to the primary tumor site between January 2003 and June 2017. These patients underwent three-dimensional conformal radiation therapy or intensity-modulated radiation therapy.

The Characteristics of Local Recurrence After Breast-Conserving Surgery Alone for Malignant and Borderline Phyllodes Tumors of the Breast (KROG 16-08).

Background: Despite margin-negative breast-conserving surgery (BCS), phyllodes tumors (PT) of the breast show high local recurrence (LR) rates. In this study we aimed to assess the site and grade of LR to identify high-risk patients after initial treatment of malignant and borderline PT using BCS alone.

Patients And Methods: From 1981 to 2014, 312 patients with malignant (n = 164) and borderline (n = 148) PT were treated using BCS alone at 10 centers.

Impact of Regional Nodal Irradiation for Breast Cancer Patients with Supraclavicular and/or Internal Mammary Lymph Node Involvement: A Multicenter, Retrospective Study (KROG 16-14).

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the treatment outcomes of radiotherapy (RT) for breast cancer with ipsilateral supraclavicular (SCL) and/or internal mammary (IMN) lymph node involvement.

Materials And Methods: A total of 353 patients from 11 institutions were included. One hundred and thirty-six patients had SCL involvement, 148 had IMN involvement, and 69 had both.

Is tumor bed boost necessary in patients who achieved ypCR following neoadjuvant chemotherapy and breast conserving therapy? (KROG 12-05 and 16-16).

Purpose: This multi-institutional study intended to investigate the effect of tumor bed boost in patients who achieved pathologic complete response (ypCR) following neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) and breast-conserving therapy (BCT).

Materials And Methods: We identified 180 patients who initially had lymph node (LN) metastasis and achieved ypCR (ypT0/isN0) following NAC and BCT from the 13 institutions of the Korean Radiation Oncology Group (KROG) 16-16 and KROG 12-05. The effect of tumor bed boost on loco-regional control (LRC), disease-free survival (DFS), and overall survival (OS) rates was analyzed.

Comparing phase- and amplitude-gated volumetric modulated arc therapy for stereotactic body radiation therapy using 3D printed lung phantom.

Purpose: To compare the dosimetric impact and treatment delivery efficacy of phase-gated volumetric modulated arc therapy (VMAT) vs amplitude-gated VMAT for stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) for lung cancer by using realistic three-dimensional-printed phantoms.

Methods: Four patient-specific moving lung phantoms that closely simulate the heterogeneity of lung tissue and breathing patterns were fabricated with four planning computed tomography (CT) images for lung SBRT cases. The phantoms were designed to be bisected for the measurement of two-dimensional dose distributions by using EBT3 dosimetry film.

Dosimetric evaluation of respiratory gated volumetric modulated arc therapy for lung stereotactic body radiation therapy using 3D printing technology.

Purpose: This study aimed to evaluate the dosimetric accuracy of respiratory gated volumetric modulated arc therapy (VMAT) for lung stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) under simulation conditions similar to the actual clinical situation using patient-specific lung phantoms and realistic target movements.

Methods: Six heterogeneous lung phantoms were fabricated using a 3D-printer (3DISON, ROKIT, Seoul, Korea) to be dosimetrically equivalent to actual target regions of lung SBRT cases treated via gated VMAT. They were designed to move realistically via a motion device (QUASAR, Modus Medical Devices, Canada).

Cyberknife Dosimetric Planning Using a Dose-Limiting Shell Method for Brain Metastases.

Objective: We investigated the effect of optimization in dose-limiting shell method on the dosimetric quality of CyberKnife (CK) plans in treating brain metastases (BMs).

Methods: We selected 19 BMs previously treated using CK between 2014 and 2015. The original CK plans (CKoriginal) had been produced using 1 to 3 dose-limiting shells : one at the prescription isodose level (PIDL) for dose conformity and the others at lowisodose levels (10-30% of prescription dose) for dose spillage.

Automated Field-In-Field (FIF) Plan Framework Combining Scripting Application Programming Interface and User-Executed Program for Breast Forward IMRT.

Purpose: To develop an one-click option on treatment planning system that enables for the automated breast FIF planning by combining the Eclipse Scripting application programming interfaces and user-executed programming in Windows.

Methods: Scripting application programming interfaces were designed to promote automation in clinical workflow associated with radiation oncology. However, scripting cannot provide all functions that users want to perform.

Axillary Lymph Node Dissection Does Not Improve Post-mastectomy Overall or Disease-Free Survival among Breast Cancer Patients with 1-3 Positive Nodes.

Purpose: Axillary lymph node dissection (ALND) may be avoidable for breast cancer patients with 1-2 positive lymph nodes (LN) after breast-conserving therapy. However, the effects of ALND after mastectomy remain unclear because radiation is not routinely used. Herein, we compared the benefits of post-mastectomy ALND versus sentinel node biopsy (SNB) alone for breast cancer patients with 1-3 metastatic LNs.