Construction of 8-Azabicyclo[3.2.1]octanes via Sequential DDQ-Mediated Oxidative Mannich Reactions of N-Aryl Pyrrolidines.

A concise synthesis of 8-azabicyclo[3.2.1]octanes via sequential oxidative Mannich reactions is described.

Tumor budding as an indicator of isolated tumor cells in lymph nodes from patients with node-negative colorectal cancer.

Purpose: Isolated tumor cells are often found in the regional lymph nodes of colorectal cancer, although their prognostic significance has not been established yet. This study was performed to investigate the correlation between the presence of isolated tumor cells in lymph nodes and the histopathologic characteristics of colorectal cancers and, thus, to determine which factors are associated with isolated tumor cells.

Methods: We used immunohistochemistry with anticytokeratin antibody to examine 2,784 lymph nodes in 109 patients with node-negative colorectal cancers.